Mentoring & Coaching

Eva SaidAssistant LecturerCollege of NursingHawler Medical University

Objectives

On completion of this lecture the participants should able to:Describe history of mentorshipDefine mentorshipDefine a mentorUnderstand the responsibilities of a mentorDifferentiate between mentorship and coachingRecognize and describe the phases of mentorshipIdentify positive qualities of a mentor and a menteeAppreciate the importance of positive mentorship experienceDemonstrate understanding of clinical learning environment, its components and importance for learning

History of Mentorship

The story of Mentor comes from ancient Greek poem  ’Odyssey’ by Homer.

Odysseus, king of Ithaca, fights in the Trojan War and entrusts the care of his son Telemachus to Mentor, who becomes his teacher and

advisor.

History of Mentorship

The term ‘mentor’ has gradually evolved to signify a designated person who dedicates some of their time to help individuals to learn during their developmental years, to progress towards and achieve maturity and establish their identity.

Famous mentoring relationships: Socrates and Plato, Hayden and Beethoven, Freud and Jung.

History of mentorship

 Mentoring is a fundamental form of human development where one person invests time, energy and personal know-how in assisting the growth and ability of another person. Shea, Gordon F. (1997)

What is Mentorship?(developmental perspective)

Mentorship is one-to-one, mutual, committed relationship between a junior and a senior person designed to promote personal and professional development beyond any particular curricular or institutional goals.

American Journal of Health System Pharmacy, 2006

What is mentorship?(holistic perspective)

Mentorship is not limited to the development of some narrow set of skills or behaviours, but addresses the whole person and his or her career.

Harvard Business Review

Coaching and Mentoring 2004

What is mentorship?(pragmatic perspective)

Mentorship is a planned pairing of a more experienced person with a lesser skilled individual for the purpose of achieving mutually agreed upon outcomes.

Who is a Mentor ?

Mentor is an experienced qualified professional (doctor, nurse, pharmacist, dentist…) who teaches and guides a student (mentee) and helps him/her to become a competent practitioner.

Responsibilities of a Mentor

Mentor:

•Teaches the mentee about a specific issues

•Coaches the mentee on a particular skill

•Facilitates the mentee’s growth by sharing resources and networks

•Helps mentee to discover and use their own talents

•Challenges the mentee to move beyond his or her comfort zone

•Creates a safe learning environment for taking risks

•Focuses on the mentee’s total development

•Facilitates transition from novice to competent practitioner

Responsibilities of a Mentor• Teacher/coach• Envisioner• Investor• Supporter• Standard prodder • Feedback giver• Eye opener• Door opener• Idea bouncer• Problem solver• Career counsellor• Challenger• Energiser• Friend

Mentoring and Coaching

Coaching Mentoring

Key goals To correct inappropriate behaviour, improve performance and skills

To support and guide personal growth

Initiative The coach directs the learning The mentee is in charge of learning

Focus Immediate problems and opportunities

Long-term personal and career development

Roles Coach – telling with appropriate feedback

Mentor - listening, role modelling, making suggestions, correcting

Duration Short-term and as needed Long-term

Relationship

Coach is often the manager Mentor is rarely the manager

Mentorship Process

• Initiation phase• Working phase• Termination phase (Morton-Cooper and Palmer,

2000)

Initiation Phase

Mentor and student get to know each other by working together, support each other, and influence relationship.

Working Phase

Student benefits from relationship as he/she learns new skills. Mentor and student become close as they spend time together, trust develops. Student gradually becomes more independent, starts to take responsibility, needs help less often.

Termination Phase

The relationship ends positively or negatively.If positive ending:-student was seen as an adult learner with previous experience (personal and/or clinical)-practice area provided learning opportunities for supervised practice, supported exchange of ideas, and provided constructive feedback.

Student – Mentor Relationship

The The relationshiprelationship between between the the mentor and the and the student is the is the

most important factor in the success of most important factor in the success of mentorship.mentorship.

Positive Qualities of a Mentor

Genuineness (realness) - being yourself, not pretending you are better than the student, sharing attitudes, feelings and some self-disclosure.

Respect - student is a unique and capable individual (future colleague!) who deserves support of the mentor

Acceptance – student has got right to have his/her point of view, even if it is different from mentor’s

Empathy – mentor should try to understand how student feels (imaging yourself in student’s situation)

Warmth – make student feel welcome, show commitment supporting student and working together

Appreciation - recognition of the good qualities of someone or something, appreciating efforts of the student

Honesty – telling truth, behaving honestly and openly

Positive Qualities of a Mentee

• Enthusiastic • Motivated to learn• Open-minded• Open to constructive feedback• Positive about placement area• Effective in communication• Willing to work hard• Keen to take advantage of learning opportunities• Able to identify some of their learning needs• Willing to improve

IF THE MENTEE DOES NOT HAVE THESE QUALITIES, THE MENTOR SHOULD HELP HIM/HER TO DEVELOP THEM!

Positive Mentorship Experience

Negative Mentorship Experience

Clinical Learning Environment

Clinical environment is: a place where patient/client care happensa place where many health professionals work together to deliver care using their professional expertiseUnpredictable, dynamic, and full of human interactions and activities

Clinical Learning Environment

Clinical learning environment is a place where students (nursing, medical, other) learn from health care professionals about patient/client care and what clinical practice is all about.

Creating positive learning environment is one of important responsibilities of the mentor.

Clinical Learning Environment

Mutuality of Mentorship

Mentorship is a partnership in which both individuals share in the personal growth process and the personal development of one another.

Mentorship

If you light a lamp for someone it will also brighten your own path.

Buddhist proverb

Eva Said

E-mail: evasaid1@gmail.com