Post on 14-Dec-2015
Measurement for Civil Measurement for Civil Engineering worksEngineering works
-Retaining Wall--Retaining Wall-
OverviewOverview A retaining wall is generally defined as a vertical A retaining wall is generally defined as a vertical
wall that holds back earth. However a retaining wall that holds back earth. However a retaining wall has many uses such as:wall has many uses such as:
A retaining wall for roadside embankments A retaining wall for roadside embankments A retaining wall can separate older roads from A retaining wall can separate older roads from
highwayshighways A house retaining wall for the garage A house retaining wall for the garage A retaining wall helps keep river banks from A retaining wall helps keep river banks from
eroding eroding A retaining wall to keep earth from stairwells A retaining wall to keep earth from stairwells
and driveways and driveways
Common materials used for Common materials used for retaining wallsretaining walls
Wood sheets; Steel and plastic interlocking sheets; Reinforced concrete sheets; Pre cast concrete elements (crib walls and
block walls); Closely spaced in-situ soil-cement piles; Wire-mesh boxes (gabions); Anchors into the soil or rock mass (soil
nailing).
Common types of retaining Common types of retaining wall wall
(sides of highway / expressway)(sides of highway / expressway)
block retaining block retaining wallwall
Vegetative Vegetative retaining wallretaining wall
Common types of retaining Common types of retaining wall wall
((hill side building development)hill side building development)
Segmental block Segmental block retaining wall retaining wall systemsystem
Concrete Concrete retaining wallretaining wall
Section view- concrete retaining Section view- concrete retaining wallwall
Temporary formwork is a MUST to form the shape of retaining wall before in-situ concreting works coming in
concreting works and concrete hardening to form the final product of retaining wall structure
Section view- concrete retaining Section view- concrete retaining wallwall
Concrete base footing
Retaining wall
Ground level
Depth of excavation
perspective view- concrete perspective view- concrete retaining wallretaining wall
length
height
width
Buttress / piers
Measurement PrinciplesMeasurement PrinciplesElement: mass concrete retaining Element: mass concrete retaining
wallwall***Refer to drawing given;***Refer to drawing given;
Main componentsMain components::
1.1. Concrete foundation / bases for retaining wallConcrete foundation / bases for retaining wall
2.2. Concrete retaining wallConcrete retaining wall
3.3. Concrete piers Concrete piers
4.4. Weep holes (drainage )Weep holes (drainage )
5.5. Pocket of granular fillPocket of granular fill
Total measured length for retaining wall = 30.00 Total measured length for retaining wall = 30.00 m m
Taking-off lists Taking-off lists (lists of items to be measured)(lists of items to be measured) Excavation works Excavation works
E.1.5.1 – excavation, foundation, earth -E.1.5.1 – excavation, foundation, earth -starting from commencing level – starting from commencing level – m3m3
Concreting worksConcreting works F.1.3.2 – In situ concrete designed mix, F.1.3.2 – In situ concrete designed mix,
Grade 25, in bases – Grade 25, in bases – m3m3 F.1.4.4 – In situ concrete designed mixed, F.1.4.4 – In situ concrete designed mixed,
Grade 30, in retaining wall – Grade 30, in retaining wall – m3m3 F.1.4.5 – In situ concrete designed mixed , F.1.4.5 – In situ concrete designed mixed ,
Grade 30, in piers – Grade 30, in piers – m3m3
Taking-off lists Taking-off lists (lists of items to be measured)(lists of items to be measured) Formwork Formwork
F.4.1.1 – Formwork, to sides, of bases – F.4.1.1 – Formwork, to sides, of bases – m2m2F.4.1.3 – formwork, to back sides. of F.4.1.3 – formwork, to back sides. of
retaining wall – retaining wall – m2m2F.4.1.3 – Formwork, to end sides / faces, of F.4.1.3 – Formwork, to end sides / faces, of
retaining wall – retaining wall – m2m2F.4.4.3 – Formwork, to sloping faces of F.4.4.3 – Formwork, to sloping faces of
retaining wall – retaining wall – m2m2F.4.1.4 – Formwork, to sides, of piers. – F.4.1.4 – Formwork, to sides, of piers. – m2 m2
Taking-off lists Taking-off lists (lists of items to be measured)(lists of items to be measured) DrainageDrainage
H.5.1.1 – outlet structures, 100mm H.5.1.1 – outlet structures, 100mm diameter weep holes @ 1.8m centre, diameter weep holes @ 1.8m centre, inside the retaining wall – inside the retaining wall – nos.nos.
Filling Filling E.3.4.3 – Filling, to structures -between E.3.4.3 – Filling, to structures -between
piers, pocket of granular material, piers, pocket of granular material, continuously. – continuously. – m3m3