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Reference Manual
Reference Manual
Program Tilo Khn, Richard Kurz, Christian Losch, Philip LoschManual Dirk Beichert, Michael Giebel, Jrn Gollob, Janine Pauke, Onur Pekdemir,
Harald SchneiderEnglish translation Luke Stacy, Chris Banks, David Link, Harald EgelLayout David Link, Jeff Walker, Harald Egel, Michael GiebelCover/box design Onur Pekdemir
Copyright 19892000 byMAXON Computer GmbH, Max-Planck-Str, 20, 61381 Friedrichsdorf, Germany
All rights reserved. This manual and the accompanying software are copyright protected. No part ofthis document may be translated, reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronicor mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of MAXON ComputerGmbH.
Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of the program and this manual,MAXON Computer assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumedfor damages resulting from the use of the program or from the information contained in this manual.
Copyrights and Trademarks
MAXON and CINEMA 4D are registered trademarks of MAXON Computer GmbH.CINEMA 4D, C.O.F.F.E.E. and HyperNURBS are registered trademarks of MAXON Computer GmbHor MAXON Computer Inc.Macintosh, Mac OS, Apple and QuickTime are registered trademarks of Apple Computer.Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT and Microsoft are registered trademarks of MicrosoftCorporation.
UNIX is a registered trademark only licensed to X/Open Company Ltd.Adobe Illustrator, Acrobat and Photoshop are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated.All other brand and product names mentioned in this manual are trademarks or registeredtrademarks of their respective companies, and are hereby acknowledged.
MAXON Computer License Agreement for CINEMA 4D XL
NOTICE TO USER
WITH THE INSTALLATION OF CINEMA 4D XL A CONTRACT IS CONCLUDED BETWEEN YOU ANDMAXON COMPUTER GMBH, IN THE FOLLOWING CALLED THE LICENSOR, A COMPANYUNDER GERMAN LAW WITH RESIDENCE IN FRIEDRICHSDORF, GERMANY. YOU AND THEUSER REFERS TO THE LICENSEE.
WHEREAS BY INDICATING YOUR ACCEPTANCE BELOW, YOU ACCEPT ALL THE TERMS ANDCONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT. IN THE CASE OF NON-ACCEPTANCE OF THIS LICENSE YOUARE NOT PERMITTED TO INSTALL THE SOFTWARE.
IF YOU DO NOT ACCEPT THIS LICENSE PLEASE SEND THE SOFTWARE TOGETHER WITH THEDOCUMENTATION TO MAXON COMPUTER OR TO THE SUPPLIER WHERE YOU BOUGHT THESOFTWARE.
1. General
Under this contract the licensor grants to you a non-exclusive license to use CINEMA 4D XL, whichis software and documentation, in the following called the software. The software itself as well asthe copy of the software or any other copy you are authorized to make under this contract remainthe property of the licensor.
2. Use of the Software
(1) The user of this license is authorized to copy the software as far as the copy is necessary to usethe software. Necessary copies are the installation of the program from the original disk to the massstorage medium of your hardware as well as the loading of the program into RAM.
(2) Furthermore the user is entitled to make a backup copy. However only one backup copy may bemade and kept in store. This backup copy must be identified as a backup copy of the licensedsoftware. (3) Further copies ARE NOT ALLOWED; this also covers the making of a hard copy of theprogram code on a printer as well as copies, in any form, of the documentation.
3. Multiple use and network operation
(1) The user may use the software on any hardware available to him. However, should the userchange the hardware he is obliged to delete the software from the mass storage medium of thehardware used up to then. A simultaneous installation or use on more than one hardware IS NOTALLOWED.
(2) The use of the licensed software for network operation or other client server systems isprohibited if this opens the possibility of simultaneous multiple use of the software. In the case thatthe user intends to use the software in network operation or other client server system he has to
take care that a multiple use is not possible by employing the necessary access security or otherwisethe user has to pay to the licensor a special network license fee, the amount of which is determinedby the number of users admitted to the network.
(3) The license fee for networks will be communicated to the licensee by the licensor immediatelyafter the user has indicated the number of admitted users in writing. The correct address of thelicensor is given in the manual and also at the end of this contract. The network use may start onlyafter the pertaining license fee is completely paid.
4. Transfer
(1) You may not rent, lease, sublicense or lend the software or documentation. You may, however,transfer all your rights to use the software to another person or legal entity provided that youtransfer this agreement, the software, including all copies, updates or prior versions as well as allcopies of the font software converted to other formats and all documentation to such person orentity and that you retain no copies, including copies stored on a computer and that the otherperson agrees that the terms of this agreement remain valid and that his acceptance iscommunicated to the licensor.
(2) The user is obliged to carefully store the terms of the agreement. Prior to the transfer of thesoftware the user has to inform the new user of these terms. In case the user does not have theterms at hand at the time of the transfer of the software, he is obliged to request a second copyfrom the licensor, the cost of which is born by the licensee.
(3) In case of transfer the license of the former user expires.
5. Recompilation and changes of the software
(1) The recompilation of the provided program code in other code forms as well as all other types ofreverse engineering of the different phases of software production including any alterations of thesoftware are not allowed.
(2) The removal of the security against copy or similar safety systems is only permitted if a faultlessperformance of the software is impaired or hindered by such security. The burden of proof for thefact that the performance of the program is impaired or hindered by the security device rests withthe user.
(3) Copyright notices, serial numbers or other identifications of the software may not be removed orchanged. The software is owned by the licensor and its structure, organization and code are thevaluable trade secrets of the licensor. It is also protected by United States Copyright andInternational Treaty provisions. Except as stated above, this agreement does not grant you anyintellectual property rights on the software.
6. Limited warranty
(1) The parties hereto agree, that at present it is not possible to develop and produce software insuch a way that it is fit for any conditions of use without problems. The licensor warrants that thesoftware will perform substantially in accordance with the documentation. The licensor does notwarrant that the software and the documentation comply with certain requirements and purposes ofthe user or works together with other software used by the licensee. The user is obliged to check thesoftware and the documentation carefully immediately upon receipt and has to inform the licensor inwriting of apparent defects 14 days after receipt. Latent defects have to be communicated in thesame manner immediately after their discovery. Otherwise the software and documentation areconsidered to be faultless. The defects, in particular the symptoms that occurred, are to be describedin detail in as much as the user is able to do so. The warranty is granted for a period of 6 monthsfrom delivery of the software (for the date of which the date of the purchase according to theinvoice is decisive, respectively in case of shipment by the licensor the date of the invoice). Thelicensor is free to cure the defects by free repair or provision of a faultless update.
The licensor and its suppliers do not and cannot warrant the performance and the results you mayobtain by using the software or documentation. The foregoing states the sole and exclusive remediesfor the licensors or its suppliers breach of warranty, except for the foregoing limited warranty. Thelicensor and its suppliers make no warranties, express or implied, as to noninfringement of thirdparty rights, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. In no event will the licensor or itssuppliers be liable for any consequential, incidental or special damages, including any lost profits orlost savings, even if a representative of licensor has been advised of the possibility of such damagesor for any claim by any third party.
Some states or jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental, consequential orspecial damages, or the exclusion of implied warranties or limitations on how long an impliedwarranty may last, so the above limitations may not apply to you. In this case a special limitedwarranty is attached as exhibit to this agreement, which becomes part of this agreement. To theextent permissible, any implied warranties are limited to 6 months. This warranty gives you specificlegal rights. You may have other rights which vary from state to state or jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Inthe case that no special warranty is attached to your contract please contact the licensor for furtherwarranty information.
7. Damage in transit
The user is obliged to immediately inform the transport agent in writing of any eventual damages intransit and has to provide the licensor with a copy of said correspondence, since all transportation isinsured by the licensor if shipment was procured by him.
8. Secrecy
The user is obliged to take careful measures to protect the programs and their documentation, inparticular the serial number, from access by third parties. The user is not permitted to duplicate orpass on the programs or documentation. These obligations apply equally to the users employees or
other persons engaged by the user to operate the programs. The user will pass on these obligationsto such persons. The user is liable for damages in all instances where these obligations have not beenmet.
9. Information
In case of transfer of the software the user is obliged to inform the licensor of the name and fulladdress of the transferee in writing. The address of the licensor is stated in the manual and at theend of this contract.
10. Data Protection
For the purpose of customer registration and control of proper use of the programs licensor will storepersonal data of the users in accordance with the German law on Data Protection(Bundesdatenschutzgesetz). This data may only be used for the above-mentioned purposes and willnot be accessible to third parties. Upon request of the user the licensor will at any time inform theuser of the data stored with regard to him.
11. Other
(1) This contract includes all rights and obligations of the parties. There are no other agreements.Any changes or alterations of this agreement have to be performed in writing with reference to thisagreement and have to be signed by both contracting parties. This also applies to the agreement onabolition of the written form.
(2) This agreement is governed by German law. Place of jurisdiction is the competent court inFrankfurt am Main. This agreement will not be governed by the United Nations Convention onContracts for the International Sale of Goods, the application of which is expressly excluded.
(3) If any part of this agreement is found void and unenforceable, it will not affect the validity of thebalance of the agreement which shall remain valid and enforceable according to its terms.
12. Termination
This agreement shall automatically terminate upon failure by you to comply with its terms despitebeing given an additional period to do so. In case of termination due to the aforementioned reason,user is obliged to return the program and all documentation to licensor. Furthermore, upon requestof licensor user has to submit written declaration that he is not in possession of any copy of theprogram on data storage devices or on the computer itself.
13. Information and Notices
Should you have any questions concerning this agreement or if you desire to contact MAXONCOMPUTER for any reason and for all notifications to be performed under this agreement, pleasewrite to:
MAXON ComputerGmbH Max-Planck-Str. 20D-61381FriedrichsdorfGermany
or for North and South America to:
MAXON Computer Inc.566 St. Charles Drive, Suite 2Thousand Oaks, CA 91360USA
We also shall be glad to provide you with the address of your nearest supplier.
Contents
Preface ............................................................................................................................... 1
1 Getting to Know CINEMA 4D ........................................................................................ 5Launching ......................................................................................................................................................... 5
Quitting ............................................................................................................................................................ 5
Mouse Techniques ............................................................................................................................................ 5
Hotkeys 1 to 7 .................................................................................................................................................. 5
The GUI ............................................................................................................................................................ 6
A Quick Tour ............................................................................................................................................... 7
2 View Menu ................................................................................................................... 13View Panels .................................................................................................................................................... 13
View Icons ...................................................................................................................................................... 13
Edit ................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Undo View/Redo View.............................................................................................................................. 13
Frame ........................................................................................................................................................ 13
Redraw ...................................................................................................................................................... 14
Configure .................................................................................................................................................. 14
Cameras ......................................................................................................................................................... 15
Scene Cameras .......................................................................................................................................... 15
Link Active Object ..................................................................................................................................... 15
Editor Camera ........................................................................................................................................... 15
Projection ....................................................................................................................................................... 16
Perspective ................................................................................................................................................ 16
Parallel ....................................................................................................................................................... 16
Left ............................................................................................................................................................ 16
Right ......................................................................................................................................................... 17
Front .......................................................................................................................................................... 17
Back ........................................................................................................................................................... 17
Top ............................................................................................................................................................ 17
Bottom ...................................................................................................................................................... 18
Military ...................................................................................................................................................... 18
Frog ........................................................................................................................................................... 18
Bird ............................................................................................................................................................ 19
Gentleman ................................................................................................................................................. 19
Isometric .................................................................................................................................................... 19
Dimetric ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
Display ............................................................................................................................................................ 20
Level Of Detail .......................................................................................................................................... 20
Gouraud Shading ...................................................................................................................................... 20
Quick Shading ........................................................................................................................................... 20
Wireframe ................................................................................................................................................. 20
Isoparms .................................................................................................................................................... 20
Shaded Box ............................................................................................................................................... 21
Box ............................................................................................................................................................ 21
Skeleton .................................................................................................................................................... 21
Use Shading Property ................................................................................................................................ 21
Backface Culling ........................................................................................................................................ 21
Textures ..................................................................................................................................................... 22
X-Ray ........................................................................................................................................................ 23
View ............................................................................................................................................................... 23
View arrangement ..................................................................................................................................... 23
Toggle Active View .................................................................................................................................... 24
View 1 - View 4/All Views ........................................................................................................................ 24
3 Configuration ............................................................................................................... 27Overview ........................................................................................................................................................ 27
The Configuration Dialogs ........................................................................................................................ 27
The Configuration Managers .................................................................................................................... 28
Other Settings ........................................................................................................................................... 29
Graphical User Interface ................................................................................................................................. 29
The Main Window .................................................................................................................................... 29
Tabs ........................................................................................................................................................... 33
Command Palettes .................................................................................................................................... 34
The Command Manager ........................................................................................................................... 38
The Menu Manager .................................................................................................................................. 40
The Pin Menu ............................................................................................................................................ 41
General Settings ............................................................................................................................................. 42
General ...................................................................................................................................................... 42
Window..................................................................................................................................................... 47
Texture Paths ............................................................................................................................................. 51
Project Settings ............................................................................................................................................... 52
Frame Rate ................................................................................................................................................ 52
Minimum ................................................................................................................................................... 52
Maximum .................................................................................................................................................. 52
Level of Detail ........................................................................................................................................... 52
4 Workflow...................................................................................................................... 55Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 55
Here To Help .................................................................................................................................................. 55
Working With Layouts ................................................................................................................................... 56
Load Layout .............................................................................................................................................. 57
Reset Layout ............................................................................................................................................. 57
Save Default Layout .................................................................................................................................. 57
Save Layout As .......................................................................................................................................... 57
Further Menu Items .................................................................................................................................. 58
The Browser ................................................................................................................................................... 58
Working with the Browser ......................................................................................................................... 58
The Drawing Pin ........................................................................................................................................ 61
File Menu .................................................................................................................................................. 61
Edit Menu .................................................................................................................................................. 64
Function Menu .......................................................................................................................................... 65
Initialisation Files ............................................................................................................................................ 66
Template.c4d ............................................................................................................................................. 66
New.c4d .................................................................................................................................................... 67
Template.cat .............................................................................................................................................. 67
Template.l4d .............................................................................................................................................. 67
5 File Menu ..................................................................................................................... 71Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 71
The File New.c4d ..................................................................................................................................... 71
The File Template.c4d ............................................................................................................................. 71
New ................................................................................................................................................................ 71
Open .............................................................................................................................................................. 71
Import ............................................................................................................................................................ 72
Revert to Saved .............................................................................................................................................. 72
Close .............................................................................................................................................................. 72
Close All ......................................................................................................................................................... 72
Save ................................................................................................................................................................ 73
Save As ........................................................................................................................................................... 73
Save All ........................................................................................................................................................... 73
Save Project .................................................................................................................................................... 73
Export ............................................................................................................................................................. 73
3D Studio R4 (.3DS) .................................................................................................................................. 74
Direct3D / DirectX (X) ............................................................................................................................... 74
DXF (DXF) ................................................................................................................................................. 74
QuickDraw 3D (3DM) ............................................................................................................................... 74
VRML 1 (WRL) .......................................................................................................................................... 74
VRML 2 (WRL) .......................................................................................................................................... 74
Wavefront (OBJ) ....................................................................................................................................... 74
Import / Export Settings ................................................................................................................................. 74
3D Studio R4 ............................................................................................................................................. 74
Direct3D/DirectX ....................................................................................................................................... 75
DXF ........................................................................................................................................................... 76
DEM .......................................................................................................................................................... 77
Illustrator ................................................................................................................................................... 77
LightWave ................................................................................................................................................. 77
QuickDraw 3D .......................................................................................................................................... 78
VRML 1 ..................................................................................................................................................... 78
VRML 2 ..................................................................................................................................................... 79
Wavefront ................................................................................................................................................. 80
Recent Files .................................................................................................................................................... 81
6 Edit Menu ..................................................................................................................... 85General ........................................................................................................................................................... 85
Undo .............................................................................................................................................................. 85
Redo ............................................................................................................................................................... 85
Undo (Action) ................................................................................................................................................. 86
Notes On Undo/Redo .................................................................................................................................... 87
The Undo Buffer ........................................................................................................................................ 87
The Three Undos ....................................................................................................................................... 87
Cut ................................................................................................................................................................. 88
Copy ............................................................................................................................................................... 88
Paste ............................................................................................................................................................... 88
Delete ............................................................................................................................................................. 89
The Clipboard ................................................................................................................................................. 89
Select All ......................................................................................................................................................... 89
Deselect All ..................................................................................................................................................... 89
General Settings ............................................................................................................................................. 90
Render Settings .............................................................................................................................................. 90
The Drawing Pipeline ..................................................................................................................................... 90
Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 90
Elements Of The Drawing Pipeline ............................................................................................................ 91
The Display Order ..................................................................................................................................... 93
Use Animation
Use Expressions
Use Generators
Use Deformers .................................................................................................................................................. 93
7 Objects Menu............................................................................................................... 97Null Object ..................................................................................................................................................... 97
Polygon Object .............................................................................................................................................. 98
Primitives ........................................................................................................................................................ 98
General ...................................................................................................................................................... 98
Cone ........................................................................................................................................................ 100
Cube ........................................................................................................................................................ 103
Cylinder ................................................................................................................................................... 104
Disc ......................................................................................................................................................... 107
Plane ....................................................................................................................................................... 108
Polygon ................................................................................................................................................... 109
Sphere ..................................................................................................................................................... 110
Torus ....................................................................................................................................................... 111
Capsule ................................................................................................................................................... 113
Oil Tank ................................................................................................................................................... 114
Tube ........................................................................................................................................................ 116
Pyramid ................................................................................................................................................... 118
Platonic Objects ...................................................................................................................................... 119
Figure ...................................................................................................................................................... 120
Landscape ............................................................................................................................................... 121
Relief ....................................................................................................................................................... 124
Spline Object ................................................................................................................................................ 127
Spline Basics ............................................................................................................................................ 127
Create Spline (Curves) .................................................................................................................................. 135
Freehand ................................................................................................................................................. 136
Bzier, B-Spline, Cubic, Akima ................................................................................................................. 136
Spline Primitives ........................................................................................................................................... 137
General .................................................................................................................................................... 137
Arc ........................................................................................................................................................... 139
Circle ....................................................................................................................................................... 140
Helix ........................................................................................................................................................ 142
n-Side ...................................................................................................................................................... 144
Rectangle ................................................................................................................................................ 145
Star .......................................................................................................................................................... 146
Text ......................................................................................................................................................... 148
Vectorizer ................................................................................................................................................ 150
4-Sided .................................................................................................................................................... 152
Cissoid ..................................................................................................................................................... 153
Cog Wheel .............................................................................................................................................. 155
Cycloid .................................................................................................................................................... 156
Formula ................................................................................................................................................... 160
Flower ..................................................................................................................................................... 162
Profile ...................................................................................................................................................... 163
NURBS Objects ............................................................................................................................................. 165
Hyper NURBS .......................................................................................................................................... 165
Extrude NURBS ....................................................................................................................................... 166
Lathe NURBS ........................................................................................................................................... 168
Loft NURBS ............................................................................................................................................. 170
Sweep NURBS ......................................................................................................................................... 173
Bzier NURBS .......................................................................................................................................... 178
Details Tab ............................................................................................................................................... 179
Different materials for the hull, caps and rounding ................................................................................. 181
Modeling ...................................................................................................................................................... 182
Array ....................................................................................................................................................... 182
Boolean ................................................................................................................................................... 183
Instance ................................................................................................................................................... 184
Metaball .................................................................................................................................................. 185
Symmetry ................................................................................................................................................ 186
Construction Plane .................................................................................................................................. 187
Scene Objects ............................................................................................................................................... 188
Camera ......................................................................................................................................................... 188
Target Camera .............................................................................................................................................. 192
Light ............................................................................................................................................................. 193
General Information ................................................................................................................................ 193
The Light Dialog ...................................................................................................................................... 194
Target Light .................................................................................................................................................. 233
Texture Mapping ..................................................................................................................................... 233
Lighting Examples ........................................................................................................................................ 234
Three Point Lighting ................................................................................................................................ 234
Radiosity Effect With Area Lights ............................................................................................................ 235
Sun Light ...................................................................................................................................................... 237
Floor ............................................................................................................................................................. 239
Sky ............................................................................................................................................................... 239
Stage ............................................................................................................................................................ 240
Environment ................................................................................................................................................. 241
Foreground/Background .............................................................................................................................. 242
Particle System ............................................................................................................................................. 244
Emitter ..................................................................................................................................................... 246
Modifiers ................................................................................................................................................. 249
Examples ................................................................................................................................................. 255
Deformation ................................................................................................................................................. 256
Bend ........................................................................................................................................................ 257
Bone ........................................................................................................................................................ 259
Bulge ....................................................................................................................................................... 267
Explosion ................................................................................................................................................. 269
FFD .......................................................................................................................................................... 270
Formula ................................................................................................................................................... 271
Melt ......................................................................................................................................................... 272
Shatter ..................................................................................................................................................... 273
Shear ....................................................................................................................................................... 274
Taper ....................................................................................................................................................... 276
Twist ........................................................................................................................................................ 278
Wind ....................................................................................................................................................... 280
Wrap ....................................................................................................................................................... 281
Sound ........................................................................................................................................................... 284
Loudspeaker ............................................................................................................................................ 284
Mono ...................................................................................................................................................... 286
Stereo Microphone .................................................................................................................................. 288
Stereo ...................................................................................................................................................... 288
DTS 5.1 ................................................................................................................................................... 289
DDS EX 6.1 .............................................................................................................................................. 289
SDDS 7.1 ................................................................................................................................................. 290
8 Tools Menu ................................................................................................................ 295Move ............................................................................................................................................................ 295
Scale ............................................................................................................................................................. 296
Rotation ........................................................................................................................................................ 297
Magnify ........................................................................................................................................................ 299
Using the Keyboard ................................................................................................................................. 299
Camera ......................................................................................................................................................... 300
Move ....................................................................................................................................................... 300
Scale ........................................................................................................................................................ 300
Rotation .................................................................................................................................................. 300
Object .......................................................................................................................................................... 301
Points ........................................................................................................................................................... 302
Polygons ....................................................................................................................................................... 303
Object Axis ................................................................................................................................................... 304
Model ........................................................................................................................................................... 305
Texture ......................................................................................................................................................... 307
Texture Axis .................................................................................................................................................. 308
Inverse Kinematics ........................................................................................................................................ 308
Animation with IK ................................................................................................................................... 309
Animation ..................................................................................................................................................... 310
The Axes ....................................................................................................................................................... 310
World System ............................................................................................................................................... 311
9 Selection Menu .......................................................................................................... 317Fundamentals ............................................................................................................................................... 317
Polygons .................................................................................................................................................. 317
Polygon Coordinate System .................................................................................................................... 318
Making Parametric Objects Editable ....................................................................................................... 318
Quadrangles for Modeling ...................................................................................................................... 319
Active Tool Window ..................................................................................................................................... 320
Rectangle Selection ...................................................................................................................................... 321
Freehand Selection ....................................................................................................................................... 321
Polygon Selection ......................................................................................................................................... 322
Live Selection ................................................................................................................................................ 322
Select All ....................................................................................................................................................... 323
Deselect All ................................................................................................................................................... 323
Invert ............................................................................................................................................................ 323
Select Connected .......................................................................................................................................... 323
Grow Selection ............................................................................................................................................. 324
Shrink Selection ............................................................................................................................................ 324
Polygon Selection From Points ..................................................................................................................... 325
Point Selection From Polygons ..................................................................................................................... 325
Select Adjacent Polygons .............................................................................................................................. 325
Hide Selected ................................................................................................................................................ 326
Hide Deselected ........................................................................................................................................... 326
Unhide All .................................................................................................................................................... 326
Invert Visibility .............................................................................................................................................. 326
Set Selection ................................................................................................................................................. 326
Frozen Selections in the Object Manager ..................................................................................................... 327
Frozen Point Selection ............................................................................................................................. 327
Frozen Polygon Selection ........................................................................................................................ 327
Set Vertex Weight ........................................................................................................................................ 328
10 Structure Menu ......................................................................................................... 333Edit Surface .................................................................................................................................................. 333
Array ....................................................................................................................................................... 333
Clone ....................................................................................................................................................... 335
Crumple .................................................................................................................................................. 337
Disconnect ............................................................................................................................................... 339
Explode Segments ................................................................................................................................... 340
Matrix Extrude ........................................................................................................................................ 340
Quantize ................................................................................................................................................. 343
Set Value ................................................................................................................................................. 344
Split ......................................................................................................................................................... 345
Weld ........................................................................................................................................................ 345
Edit Spline ..................................................................................................................................................... 346
Hard Interpolation ................................................................................................................................... 346
Soft Interpolation .................................................................................................................................... 346
Equal Tangent Length ............................................................................................................................. 347
Equal Tangent Direction .......................................................................................................................... 347
Join Segment ........................................................................................................................................... 348
Break Segment ........................................................................................................................................ 348
Reorder First Point ................................................................................................................................... 348
Reverse Sequence ................................................................................................................................... 349
Move Down Sequence ............................................................................................................................ 349
Move Up Sequence ................................................................................................................................. 349
Chamfer .................................................................................................................................................. 349
Create Outline ......................................................................................................................................... 350
Cross Section ........................................................................................................................................... 351
Line Up .................................................................................................................................................... 353
Round ..................................................................................................................................................... 353
Project ..................................................................................................................................................... 353
Make Editable ............................................................................................................................................... 356
Add Points .................................................................................................................................................... 356
Bevel ............................................................................................................................................................. 358
Bridge ........................................................................................................................................................... 361
Create Polygon ............................................................................................................................................. 364
Extrude ......................................................................................................................................................... 365
Extrude Inner ................................................................................................................................................ 367
Knife ............................................................................................................................................................. 370
Normal Move ............................................................................................................................................... 371
Normal Scale ................................................................................................................................................ 372
Normal Rotate .............................................................................................................................................. 372
Magnet ......................................................................................................................................................... 373
Mirror ........................................................................................................................................................... 375
Smooth Shift ................................................................................................................................................. 377
Align Normals ............................................................................................................................................... 378
Reverse Normals ........................................................................................................................................... 379
Optimize ....................................................................................................................................................... 380
Subdivide ...................................................................................................................................................... 381
Triangulate ................................................................................................................................................... 382
Untriangulate ............................................................................................................................................... 382
Structure Context Menu ............................................................................................................................... 382
Snap Settings ................................................................................................................................................ 383
Snapping in the different modes ............................................................................................................. 383
Enable Snapping ...................................................................................................................................... 383
Construction Plane .................................................................................................................................. 384
Options Tab ............................................................................................................................................. 384
World Grid Tab ........................................................................................................................................ 386
Quantize Tab ........................................................................................................................................... 387
11 Functions Menu ....................................................................................................... 391Arrange ........................................................................................................................................................ 391
Center .......................................................................................................................................................... 392
Connect ........................................................................................................................................................ 393
Current State To Object ................................................................................................................................ 393
Duplicate ...................................................................................................................................................... 394
Randomize ................................................................................................................................................... 396
Reset System ................................................................................................................................................ 397
Transfer ........................................................................................................................................................ 398
12 Plugins ..................................................................................................................... 401Reload Plugins ......................................................................................................................................... 401
Execute Last Plugin ................................................................................................................................. 401
Sub-folders ................................................................................................................................................... 401
13 Render Menu ............................................................................................................ 405Render View ................................................................................................................................................. 405
Render Active Object ................................................................................................................................... 405
Render Region .............................................................................................................................................. 406
Render to Picture Viewer .............................................................................................................................. 406
Batch Rendering ........................................................................................................................................... 407
Render Settings ............................................................................................................................................ 407
New Render Settings .................................................................................................................................... 407
Delete Render Settings ................................................................................................................................. 408
Render Settings ............................................................................................................................................ 408
General Tab ............................................................................................................................................. 408
Output Tab .............................................................................................................................................. 414
Save Tab .................................................................................................................................................. 417
Effects Tab ............................................................................................................................................... 421
Options Tab ............................................................................................................................................. 424
QTVR Tab ................................................................................................................................................ 429
Movie Formats ............................................................................................................................................. 432
14 Window Menu ......................................................................................................... 435General ......................................................................................................................................................... 435
Layout .......................................................................................................................................................... 435
New Icon Palette ..................................................................................................................................... 435
Edit Palettes ............................................................................................................................................. 435
GlobalStatus Bar ...................................................................................................................................... 435
Load Layout ............................................................................................................................................ 435
Save Default Layout ................................................................................................................................ 435
Save Layout as ........................................................................................................................................ 436
Reset Layout ........................................................................................................................................... 436
Default Layouts ....................................................................................................................................... 436
New View Panel ........................................................................................................................................... 436
Object Manager ........................................................................................................................................... 436
Material Manager ......................................................................................................................................... 437
Time Line ...................................................................................................................................................... 437
Picture Viewer .............................................................................................................................................. 437
Coordinates Manager ................................................................................................................................... 438
Structure Manager ....................................................................................................................................... 438
Browser ........................................................................................................................................................ 439
Active Tool Manager .................................................................................................................................... 439
Selection Info ................................................................................................................................................ 439
Structure Info ............................................................................................................................................... 439
Snap Settings ................................................................................................................................................ 440
Console ........................................................................................................................................................ 440
Command Manager ..................................................................................................................................... 440
Menu Manager ............................................................................................................................................ 441
Other Entries ................................................................................................................................................ 441
15 Info Menu................................................................................................................. 445Help .............................................................................................................................................................. 445
MAXON Online ............................................................................................................................................ 445
Personalize ................................................................................................................................................... 445
Info ............................................................................................................................................................... 445
16 Coordinates Manager ............................................................................................... 449
17 Object Manager ....................................................................................................... 453File Menu ..................................................................................................................................................... 454
New Tag .................................................................................................................................................. 454
New Expression ....................................................................................................................................... 462
Load Object ............................................................................................................................................ 464
Save Object As... ..................................................................................................................................... 464
Display Tags ............................................................................................................................................ 464
Close ....................................................................................................................................................... 464
Edit Menu ..................................................................................................................................................... 464
Undo ....................................................................................................................................................... 464
Redo ........................................................................................................................................................ 464
Cut .......................................................................................................................................................... 464
Copy ........................................................................................................................................................ 464
Paste ....................................................................................................................................................... 464
Delete ...................................................................................................................................................... 464
Object Menu ................................................................................................................................................ 465
Object Display ......................................................................................................................................... 465
Object Activation .................................................................................................................................... 465
Edit Object .............................................................................................................................................. 466
Rename Object ....................................................................................................................................... 466
Group Objects ......................................................................................................................................... 466
Expand Object Group .............................................................................................................................. 466
Information (Object) ............................................................................................................................... 466
Information (Scene) ................................................................................................................................. 467
Search Active Object ............................................................................................................................... 467
Fold All .................................................................................................................................................... 467
Unfold All ................................................................................................................................................ 467
Fix Bones ................................................................................................................................................. 467
Reset Bones ............................................................................................................................................. 467
Bake Particles .......................................................................................................................................... 468
Tags Menu .................................................................................................................................................... 469
Edit Tag ................................................................................................................................................... 469
Copy Tag to Children .............................................................................................................................. 469
Delete Tag from Children ........................................................................................................................ 469
Texture Menu ............................................................................................................................................... 469
Generate UVW coordinates .................................................................................................................... 469
Assign UVW coordinates ......................................................................................................................... 470
Fit to Object ............................................................................................................................................ 470
Fit to Image ............................................................................................................................................. 471
Fit to Region ............................................................................................................................................ 471
Adapt to Object Axis ............................................................................................................................... 471
Adapt to World Axes ............................................................................................................................... 472
Adapt to View ......................................................................................................................................... 472
Mirror Horizontally .................................................................................................................................. 472
Mirror Vertically ....................................................................................................................................