Basics & Mechanical Bot

ROBOTICS AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMS SIG

1

WHAT’S IN STORE FOR YOU?????

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CURRICULUM 2014-15

1. MECHANICAL BOT2. LINE FOLLOWER ROBOT AND ARDUINO

BASIC3. ARDUINO ADVANCE4. AVR AND ATMega CHIPS5. PROJECTS ALL OVER THE YEARS6. COMPETITIONS LIKE RADIX AND

BRAINWAVE

ROBOTICS AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

AN INTRODUCTION

Robots are intelligent electrical-mechanical devices that can sense, think, actuate and interact with humans. Their motion behavior can be influenced by the programmed task as well as by the environment in which they operate.

An embedded system is a set of computer controlled devices that make products work while remaining mostly invisible to the users of the products.

BREADBOARD

MULTIMETER

BATTERY

LEDs, CAPACITORS, RESISTORS

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD

MECHANICAL BOT

It is a mechanical device which performs particular task. These mechanical devices may be manually handled (so called bots), semi-automated or completely automatic.

CHASIS WIRESDC MOTORS

TYRES AND CASTOR WHEELS SWITCHES

SOLDER WIRE AND RODS

CHASIS

CHASIS Contd….

Chassis is the skeleton of the robot, which holds the body and motor of the robot.

TYPES OF MATERIALS USED AS CHASSIS:Aluminum:A material of choice, basic and light weight, yet a strong robot building material.

Carbon fiber:Extremely light weight and strong for tiny battle bots and flying robots. Has potential safety

hazards, but has a very high strength to weight ratio.

HDPE:By far the best material for a robot chassis, this light weight plastic is cheaper than

aluminum

and very easy to machine.

Velcro, Tape, Epoxies, nylon rods... Etc,

CHASIS Contd….

GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE CHASSIS ARE:

High stiffness, high tensile strength, high compressive strength and low density.

SHAPE:The shape of the chassis can be designed

according to your need such that the final output will have the minimum number of drive units to save weight and money, which will further help in controlling the robot easily.

RAINBOW WIRES

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MOTORS

DC (geared) motors: These are the basic electronic motors used for robot movement. Each DC motor has a fixed r.p.m.

These are of two types: 1. Centre shaft 2. Side shaft

MOTORS Contd….

MOTORS Contd….

Centre shaft: these motors are used in high speeds and low torque requirement robot like line follower, edge detector, racing ..etc.

Side shaft: These motors are used in high torque requirement robots like all-terrain, movement of heavy robots (robotic arm, tanker robot).

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WHEELS

WHEELS Contd….

The major parameters of the wheel design are diameter, wheel base, track width and width of the wheel.

To make it simple, diameter of the wheel is of more importance because the motor is of fixed r.p.m so to get high linear velocity we need to have a larger diameter.

v=r*ω (as ω is fixed) “v α r”

As wheel base (the distance between front and rare wheel) increases bot bends because of its own weight.

So, optimum length is taken. Width plays a major role in contact between ground and wheel, as width increases friction increases.

Wheels are made up of plastic or may be machined from a nylon rod and may be lined with rubber to increase friction.

CASTOR WHEELS

CASTOR WHEEL Contd….

Castor wheel rotates around an offset axis, causing a force to be imparted to the robot chassis during steering.Castor wheels are able to steer around a vertical axis.

The main advantages of castor wheel are the easy implementation, the high load capacity and the high tolerance to ground irregularities.

SWITCHES

SPST (Single Pole Single Throw)

SPDT(Single Pole Double Throw)

DPST(Double Pole Single Throw)

DPDT(Double Pole Double Throw)

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DPDT SWITCHES

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DPDT SWITCH CONTROLS

We use DPDT switches to operate our mech.bot. DPDT switches provide a flexible connections of changing polarity, there by reversing the supply.

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DPDT SWITCH CONNECTIONS

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DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE

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SOLDERING

Soldering Iron Rod Soldering Wire/ Solder

WHERE TO BUY

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WHAT NEXT????

1. TRY STUDYING ON YOUR OWN, BUY THE REQUIRED ITEMS AND MAKE YOUR OWN MECHANICAL BOT.

2. WE WILL SOON CREATE A Fb GROUP FOR ALL OF YOU TO GUIDE YOU THROUGH ANY PROBLEMS.

3. NEXT SIG WILL BE AFTER MID SEMS. WE WILL INTRODUCE AUTONOMOUS BOT AND ARDUINO.HOPE TO SEE YOU ALL NEXT TIME…..

WITH THE MECH BOTS TOO!!!!