Los MandatosLos Mandatos(El Imperativo)(El Imperativo)

CommandsCommands

(The Imperative)(The Imperative)

Commands? Woof?Commands? Woof? A “command,” or simply the imperative form, A “command,” or simply the imperative form,

is used to tell someone what to do.is used to tell someone what to do. Directions, polite requests, etc.Directions, polite requests, etc. Yes, even “Sit! Stay!”Yes, even “Sit! Stay!” Use “por favor;” we’re not animals.Use “por favor;” we’re not animals. What’s the command in the last sentence?What’s the command in the last sentence? Use!Use! In English, it is In English, it is the verb form without a subject the verb form without a subject

or subject pronounor subject pronoun..

Can we get someCan we get some examples in English? examples in English?

Please come in.Please come in. Sit down.Sit down. Have a cup of coffee.Have a cup of coffee. Tell Mauve I said ‘hi!’Tell Mauve I said ‘hi!’ Remember… (yeah, that’s one, too)… it’s the Remember… (yeah, that’s one, too)… it’s the

verb all by itself, without a subject or subject verb all by itself, without a subject or subject pronoun. pronoun.

The “you” is implied but rarely included. You The “you” is implied but rarely included. You stop that now!stop that now!

Ok, I suppose we should do it in Ok, I suppose we should do it in Spanish now…Spanish now…

There are three possible people/groups you can There are three possible people/groups you can be giving instructions TO…be giving instructions TO… UstedUsted (Mr./Mrs. Whoever) (Mr./Mrs. Whoever) UstedesUstedes (all o’ y’all’s, peoples, yous guys, and any (all o’ y’all’s, peoples, yous guys, and any

other abomination you can think of for the plural other abomination you can think of for the plural YOU!) YOU!)

TTúú (a friend, family member, first-name basis) (a friend, family member, first-name basis) Also, you can tell someone to DO something Also, you can tell someone to DO something

((affirmativeaffirmative) or NOT TO DO it () or NOT TO DO it (negativenegative).).

Got that?Got that?

Ud. affirmative or negativeUd. affirmative or negative Uds. affirmative or negativeUds. affirmative or negative TTú affirmative or negativeú affirmative or negative

One at a time, please!One at a time, please! Hable despacio, por favor.Hable despacio, por favor. No hable rapidamente, por favor.No hable rapidamente, por favor. Escriba en la pizarra, por favor.Escriba en la pizarra, por favor. No escriba mucho, por favor.No escriba mucho, por favor.

What do you notice?What do you notice? The word “Ud.” is missing.The word “Ud.” is missing. The ending on the verb is not quite what you The ending on the verb is not quite what you

expected.expected.

Endings for Ud. CommandsEndings for Ud. Commands

AffirmativeAffirmative NegativeNegative

-AR verbs-AR verbs -e-e No …-eNo …-e

-ER/-IR verbs-ER/-IR verbs -a-a No …-aNo …-a

Samples for Ud. CommandsSamples for Ud. Commands

AffirmativeAffirmative NegativeNegative

-AR verbs-AR verbs

hablarhablar

Hable.Hable. No hable.No hable.

-ER/-IR verbs-ER/-IR verbs

escribirescribir

Escriba.Escriba. No escriba.No escriba.

What about Uds?What about Uds?

To make a verb plural (when talking to two or To make a verb plural (when talking to two or more people), simply add an –n to the Ud. more people), simply add an –n to the Ud. Command!Command!

Samples for Uds. CommandsSamples for Uds. Commands

AffirmativeAffirmative NegativeNegative

-AR verbs-AR verbs

hablarhablar

Hablen.Hablen. No hablen.No hablen.

-ER/-IR verbs-ER/-IR verbs

escribirescribir

Escriban.Escriban. No escriban.No escriban.

This all seems easy enough…This all seems easy enough…

For the most part, it is.For the most part, it is. There ARE some verbs that need spelling There ARE some verbs that need spelling

changes though.changes though. -car -car -que(n) -que(n) -gar -gar -gue(n) -gue(n) -zar -zar -ce(n) -ce(n)

Ok, Sra. Cardin, you just lost us.Ok, Sra. Cardin, you just lost us.

No no no, look!No no no, look!

-car-car -gar-gar -zar-zar

Buscar Buscar (to look for)(to look for)

Llegar Llegar (to arrive)(to arrive)

Comenzar Comenzar (to begin)(to begin)

Busque las llaves.Busque las llaves.

Busquen la iglesia.Busquen la iglesia.

Llegue a las tres.Llegue a las tres.

No lleguen tarde.No lleguen tarde.

Comience ahora.Comience ahora.

No comiencen.No comiencen.

Time to try some!Time to try some!

1.1. Doblar / Ud.Doblar / Ud.

2.2. Buscar / Uds.Buscar / Uds.

3.3. Continuar / Ud.Continuar / Ud.

4.4. Entrar / Uds.Entrar / Uds.

5.5. Comer / Ud.Comer / Ud.

6.6. No correr / Uds.No correr / Uds.

7.7. No mirar / Ud.No mirar / Ud.

8.8. No jugar / Uds.No jugar / Uds.

1.1. Doble.Doble.

2.2. Busquen.Busquen.

3.3. Continue.Continue.

4.4. Entren.Entren.

5.5. Coma.Coma.

6.6. No corran.No corran.

7.7. No mire.No mire.

8.8. No jueguen.No jueguen.

Irregular Ud./Uds. CommandsIrregular Ud./Uds. Commands

Rule: If the YO form is irregular, the Rule: If the YO form is irregular, the command form will “kinda sorta” match it command form will “kinda sorta” match it (with the opposite ending)(with the opposite ending) tener tener yo tengo yo tengo TengaTenga un buen d un buen día.ía. hacer hacer yo hago yo hago HaganHagan la tarea. la tarea. ir ir yo voy yo voy VayaVaya a la escuela todos los días. a la escuela todos los días. ser ser yo soy yo soy SeanSean buenos, por favor. buenos, por favor.

Lay it on, what are they allLay it on, what are they all????conducir conducir (to drive)(to drive) yo conduzcoyo conduzco Conduzca.Conduzca.

dar dar (to give)(to give) yo doyyo doy DDé. / Dené. / Den

decirdecir (to say/tell) (to say/tell) yo digoyo digo Diga.Diga.

poner poner (to put)(to put) yo pongoyo pongo Ponga.Ponga.

salir salir (to leave)(to leave) yo salgoyo salgo Salga.Salga.

seguir seguir (to follow)(to follow) yo sigoyo sigo Siga.Siga.

traer traer (to bring)(to bring) yo traigoyo traigo Traiga.Traiga.

venir venir (to come)(to come) yo vengoyo vengo Venga.Venga.

ver ver (to see)(to see) yo veoyo veo Vea.Vea.

Time to try some!Time to try some!

1.1. ver / Ud.ver / Ud.

2.2. poner / Uds.poner / Uds.

3.3. tener / Ud.tener / Ud.

4.4. ser / Uds.ser / Uds.

5.5. venir / Ud.venir / Ud.

6.6. No ir / Uds.No ir / Uds.

7.7. No seguir / Ud.No seguir / Ud.

8.8. No dar / Uds.No dar / Uds.

1.1. Vea.Vea.

2.2. Pongan.Pongan.

3.3. Tenga.Tenga.

4.4. Sean.Sean.

5.5. Venga.Venga.

6.6. No vayan.No vayan.

7.7. No siga.No siga.

8.8. No den.No den.

Ok, what about the tOk, what about the tú commands?ú commands?

LittleLittle different from the Ud. different from the Ud./Uds. commands.../Uds. commands... Ud./Uds. commands Ud./Uds. commands affirmative & negative affirmative & negative

are the same form, same spellingare the same form, same spelling hable, no hable.... escriba, no escribahable, no hable.... escriba, no escriba

TTú commands ú commands different forms for different forms for affirmative and negativeaffirmative and negative

Affirmative Tú CommandsAffirmative Tú Commands

Affirmative tAffirmative tú commands ú commands tell someone you tell someone you know know to do somethingto do something..

The form is The form is the samethe same as the 3 as the 3rdrd person singular person singular ((él / ella form)!él / ella form)! ¡¡Habla conmigo!Habla conmigo! ¡Baila con Esteban!¡Baila con Esteban! ¡Come cinco hamburguesas!¡Come cinco hamburguesas! ¡Escribe una carta!¡Escribe una carta!

Well, that was easy enough.Well, that was easy enough.

Yup.Yup. Endings? Endings?

-AR verbs -AR verbs -a -a -ER / -IR verbs -ER / -IR verbs -e -e

Easy-peasy lemon-squeezy. Easy-peasy lemon-squeezy. That’s a technical term.That’s a technical term.

Give the affirmative tú commandGive the affirmative tú command

1.1. hablar hablar

2.2. cantarcantar

3.3. pensarpensar

4.4. trabajartrabajar

5.5. doblardoblar

6.6. escogerescoger

7.7. traertraer

8.8. comenzarcomenzar

1.1. Habla.Habla.

2.2. Canta.Canta.

3.3. Piensa.Piensa.

4.4. Trabaja.Trabaja.

5.5. Dobla.Dobla.

6.6. Escoge.Escoge.

7.7. Trae.Trae.

8.8. Comienza.Comienza.

Oh come on, it can’t be THAT easy!Oh come on, it can’t be THAT easy!

Ok, you got me, there are a few irregulars.Ok, you got me, there are a few irregulars.

Irregular Affirmative Irregular Affirmative TTú Commandsú Commands

decirdecir Di.Di. hacer hacer Haz.Haz. ir ir Ve.Ve. poner poner Pon.Pon. salir salir Sal.Sal. ser ser Sé.Sé. tener tener Ten.Ten. venirvenir Ven.Ven.

Give the affirmative tú commandGive the affirmative tú command1.1. ganar ganar

2.2. dardar

3.3. salirsalir

4.4. tenertener

5.5. ponerponer

6.6. tomartomar

7.7. irir

8.8. decirdecir

9.9. hacerhacer

10.10. venirvenir

1.1. Gana.Gana.

2.2. Da.Da.

3.3. Sal.Sal.

4.4. Ten.Ten.

5.5. Pon.Pon.

6.6. Toma.Toma.

7.7. Ve.Ve.

8.8. Di.Di.

9.9. Haz.Haz.

10.10. Ven.Ven.

You guys are doing great!You guys are doing great!

So far we’ve done...So far we’ve done... Affirmative and negative Ud. commandsAffirmative and negative Ud. commands

-AR -AR -e [-car/-gar/-zar -e [-car/-gar/-zar -que/-gue/-ce] -que/-gue/-ce] -ER/-IR -ER/-IR -a -a Some verbs with irregular yo forms.Some verbs with irregular yo forms.

Affirmative and negative Uds. commandsAffirmative and negative Uds. commands Add an –n to the Ud. command!Add an –n to the Ud. command!

Affirmative tAffirmative túú commands commands -AR -AR -a -a -ER/-IR -ER/-IR -e -e Some irregular verbsSome irregular verbs

The only thing left now is...The only thing left now is...

Negative tNegative tú commands: ú commands: “Don’t do it!”“Don’t do it!” The SAME as the Ud. command, with an –s The SAME as the Ud. command, with an –s

on the end!on the end!

Negative Negative Tú CommandsTú Commands

Negative Ud. CommandNegative Ud. Command Negative Tú CommandNegative Tú Command

No baile.No baile. No bailes.No bailes.

No coma.No coma. No comas.No comas.

No escriba.No escriba. No escribas.No escribas.

No tenga.No tenga. No tengas.No tengas.

And guess what?And guess what?

Any verb that’s irregular in the Ud. command Any verb that’s irregular in the Ud. command is ALSO irregular in the negative tis ALSO irregular in the negative tú command.ú command.

ALWAYS just add an –s to the Ud. command ALWAYS just add an –s to the Ud. command to get the negative tú command.to get the negative tú command.

Need more examples?Need more examples?

doble doble No dobles. No dobles. corra corra No corras. No corras. escriba escriba No escribas. No escribas. busque busque No busques. No busques. llegue llegue No llegues. No llegues. cruce cruce No cruces. No cruces. diga diga No digas. No digas. sea sea No seas. No seas. ...and we could go on ...and we could go on

forever.forever.

So to sum up...So to sum up... The negative tThe negative tú command is the opposite ú command is the opposite

ending with an –s.ending with an –s. -AR -AR No ...-es No ...-es -ER/-IR -ER/-IR No ...-as No ...-as

anything irregular for Ud. commands is the anything irregular for Ud. commands is the same same salga salga no salgas no salgas tenga tenga no tengas no tengas practique practique no practiques no practiques

Give the negative tú commandGive the negative tú command

1.1. hablar hablar

2.2. cantarcantar

3.3. pensarpensar

4.4. trabajartrabajar

5.5. doblardoblar

6.6. escogerescoger

7.7. traertraer

8.8. comenzarcomenzar

1.1. No hables.No hables.

2.2. No cantes.No cantes.

3.3. No pienses.No pienses.

4.4. No trabajes.No trabajes.

5.5. No dobles.No dobles.

6.6. No escojas.No escojas.

7.7. No traigas.No traigas.

8.8. No comiences.No comiences.

Keep going!Keep going!

1.1. venir venir

2.2. ponerponer

3.3. decirdecir

4.4. seguirseguir

5.5. practicarpracticar

6.6. jugarjugar

7.7. serser

8.8. irir

1.1. No vengas.No vengas.

2.2. No pongas.No pongas.

3.3. No digas.No digas.

4.4. No sigas.No sigas.

5.5. No practiques.No practiques.

6.6. No juegues.No juegues.

7.7. No seas...No seas...

8.8. No vayas.No vayas.

You got this!You got this!

Ok, big review...Ok, big review...

+/- Ud.+/- Ud. +/- Uds.+/- Uds. + T+ Túú - Tú- Tú

--ARAR -e-e -en-en -a-a -es-es

-ER-ER

-IR-IR-a-a -an-an -e-e -as-as

irreg.irreg. variesvariesadd an –n add an –n

to Ud. to Ud. formform

little little wordswords

add an –s add an –s to Ud. to Ud. formform

What about reflexive verbs?What about reflexive verbs?

Well, here are some examples, you tell me!Well, here are some examples, you tell me! LLávate. ávate. // No te laves.No te laves. Despiértate.Despiértate. // No te despiertes.No te despiertes. Desayúnate.Desayúnate. // No te desayunes.No te desayunes. Vístete.Vístete. // No te vistas.No te vistas. QuédateQuédate // No te quedes.No te quedes. Cállate.Cállate. // No te calles.No te calles. Ponte.Ponte. // No te pongas.No te pongas. Vete.Vete. // No te vayas.No te vayas.

What’s the pattern forWhat’s the pattern forAffirmative Commands?Affirmative Commands?

Examples with tú formsExamples with tú forms: Lávate, diviértete, ponte, : Lávate, diviértete, ponte, vete, vístete, relájate, cálmate, cállate, prepárate, vete, vístete, relájate, cálmate, cállate, prepárate, etc.etc.

Same examples with Ud. formsSame examples with Ud. forms: Lávese, divértase, : Lávese, divértase, póngase, váyase, vístase, relájese, cálmese, cállese, póngase, váyase, vístase, relájese, cálmese, cállese, prepárese, etc.prepárese, etc.

Take the command form, and add the reflexive Take the command form, and add the reflexive pronoun (te or se) to the end.pronoun (te or se) to the end.

If the resulting word is three syllables or more, If the resulting word is three syllables or more, place a written accent mark on the stressed place a written accent mark on the stressed syllable.syllable.

Take a peek!Take a peek!

Ud. CommandUd. Command Uds. CommandUds. Command Tú CommandTú Command

Lávese.Lávese. Lávense.Lávense. Lávate.Lávate.

The sample verb is LAVARSE (to wash up).The sample verb is LAVARSE (to wash up).

New Sample!New Sample!

Ud. CommandUd. Command Uds. CommandUds. Command Tú CommandTú Command

Diviértase.Diviértase. Diviértanse.Diviértanse. Diviértete.Diviértete.

The sample verb is DIVERTIRSE (to have fun).The sample verb is DIVERTIRSE (to have fun).

Ok, not bad...Ok, not bad...

So just take the command and add the So just take the command and add the tete or or sese.. Write an accent mark on the stressed syllable Write an accent mark on the stressed syllable

if it’s more than two syllables long.if it’s more than two syllables long. (Ponte, vete, etc. don’t need a mark.)(Ponte, vete, etc. don’t need a mark.)

Give the affirmative tú commandGive the affirmative tú command

1.1. vestirse vestirse

2.2. dormirsedormirse

3.3. levantarselevantarse

4.4. desayunarsedesayunarse

5.5. olvidarse (to forget)olvidarse (to forget)

6.6. quedarsequedarse

7.7. irseirse

8.8. ponerseponerse

1.1. Vístete.Vístete.

2.2. Duérmete.Duérmete.

3.3. Levántate.Levántate.

4.4. Desayúnate.Desayúnate.

5.5. Olvídate.Olvídate.

6.6. Quédate.Quédate.

7.7. Vete.Vete.

8.8. Ponte.Ponte.

Give the affirmative Ud. commandGive the affirmative Ud. command

1.1. vestirse vestirse

2.2. dormirsedormirse

3.3. levantarselevantarse

4.4. desayunarsedesayunarse

5.5. olvidarse (to forget)olvidarse (to forget)

6.6. quedarsequedarse

7.7. irseirse

8.8. ponerseponerse

1.1. Vístase.Vístase.

2.2. Duérmase.Duérmase.

3.3. Levántese.Levántese.

4.4. Desayúnese.Desayúnese.

5.5. Olvídese.Olvídese.

6.6. Quédese.Quédese.

7.7. Váyase.Váyase.

8.8. Póngase.Póngase.

So... what’s the pattern forSo... what’s the pattern forNegative Commands?Negative Commands?

Examples with tú formsExamples with tú forms: No te laves, no te vayas, : No te laves, no te vayas, no te quedes, no te olvides, no te duermas, etc.no te quedes, no te olvides, no te duermas, etc.

Same examples with Ud. formsSame examples with Ud. forms: No se lave, no se : No se lave, no se vaya, no se quede, no se olivide, no se duerma, etc.vaya, no se quede, no se olivide, no se duerma, etc.

The The tete or or sese now comes now comes beforebefore the command, the command, which is the normal word order anyway.which is the normal word order anyway.

No need to worry about an accent mark.No need to worry about an accent mark.

That’s easier than the affirmative!That’s easier than the affirmative!

Ud. CommandUd. Command Uds. CommandUds. Command Tú CommandTú Command

No se duerma.No se duerma. No se duerman.No se duerman. No te duermas.No te duermas.

The sample verb is DORMIRSE (to go to sleep).The sample verb is DORMIRSE (to go to sleep).

How about another?How about another?

Ud. CommandUd. Command Uds. CommandUds. Command Tú CommandTú Command

No se levante.No se levante. No se levanten.No se levanten. No te levantes.No te levantes.

The sample verb is LEVANTARSE (to get up).The sample verb is LEVANTARSE (to get up).

Give the negative tú commandGive the negative tú command

1.1. vestirse vestirse

2.2. dormirsedormirse

3.3. levantarselevantarse

4.4. desayunarsedesayunarse

5.5. olvidarse (to forget)olvidarse (to forget)

6.6. quedarsequedarse

7.7. irseirse

8.8. ponerseponerse

1.1. No te vistas.No te vistas.

2.2. No te duermas.No te duermas.

3.3. No te levantes.No te levantes.

4.4. No te desayunes.No te desayunes.

5.5. No te olvides.No te olvides.

6.6. No te quedes.No te quedes.

7.7. No te vayas.No te vayas.

8.8. No te pongas.No te pongas.

Give the negative Uds. commandGive the negative Uds. command

1.1. vestirse vestirse

2.2. dormirsedormirse

3.3. levantarselevantarse

4.4. desayunarsedesayunarse

5.5. olvidarse (to forget)olvidarse (to forget)

6.6. quedarsequedarse

7.7. irseirse

8.8. ponerseponerse

1.1. No se vistan.No se vistan.

2.2. No se duerman.No se duerman.

3.3. No se levanten.No se levanten.

4.4. No se desayunen.No se desayunen.

5.5. No se olviden.No se olviden.

6.6. No se queden.No se queden.

7.7. No se vayan.No se vayan.

8.8. No se pongan.No se pongan.

All done!All done!