SYSTEM BENEFITS• The building has demonstrated a 75%

reductioninwateruse.• The system provides interior and exterior

foliage and safely integrates into publicspace.

• Accepts all wastewater generated by thebuilding’s 500 employees and produceshigh qualitywater that is reused to flushtoilets.

• TheLivingMachine®systemwascitedasakeyinnovativefeatureonForbes.com’slistoftheworld’sgreenestbuildings.

• The project attained a LEED Platinumcertification by the U.S. Green BuildingCouncil.

completion date 2010application municipal

system capacity 5,000 gpdreuse toilet flushing

CASE

STU

DYPort of Portland HeadquartersPortland,OR

LIVING MACHINE SYSTEMS, L3C

LivingMachine®Systems,L3C(LMS)-BasedinCharlottesville,Virginia-isasocialbenefitcorporation,focusedonensuringlastingwaterresourcesforcommunitiesacrosstheglobe.Ourprovenecologicalwastewatertreatmentandreusesystemiscompact,efficient,andcosteffective.FromGhanatoSanFranciscoandfromschoolsandofficetowerstoresorts,theLivingMachine®systemhasbeeninstalledindozensoflocationsaroundtheworld.

LMS and its predecessor, Living Technologies, Inc., have designed and refinedecological wastewater treatment systems since 1995.While constructedwetlandsandothernaturaltreatmenttechnologieshavebeensuccessfullyutilizedfordecades,today’s LivingMachine technology allows a radically smaller footprint and highertreatmentperformancerelativetoothernaturaltreatmentsystems.Incomparisonto conventional wastewater treatment technologies, the Living Machine systemoffersreducedenergyuseandsignificantsavingsinbothcapitalandlifecyclecostswhileachievingthehighesttreatmentandreusewaterqualitystandards.LMS designs beautiful, energy-efficient, high-performance wastewater treatmentsystemsthatfosterwaterreuseinrural,suburban,andurbanareas.

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WHY A LIVING MACHINE?The Port of Portland had multiple objectives for the wastewatersystemintheirnew200,000squarefootstate-of-the-artheadquartersbuilding.Ithadtobesustainable,cost-effective,attractive,aswellasateachingtool,butaboveall,ithadtoprovideadvancedwastewatertreatment for reuse. The Living Machine® system was the onlyapproachtowastewatertreatmentthatcouldmeetallthecriteria.

WETLAND DESIGN PARAMETERS

Tidal Wetland CellsParameters Values Units

CODLoading 110 gm-3d-1

TKNLoading 40 gm-3d-1

CycleFrequency 12 perday

OxygenRequirement 89 gm-3d-1

OxygenSupplied 106 gm-3cycle

OxygenSupplied 1278 gm-3d-1

Vertical Flow Wetland CellsParameters Values Units

CODLoading 25.5 gm-3d-1

TKNLoading 3.2 gm-3d-1

CycleFrequency - perday

OxygenRequirement 21 gm-3d-1

Interior Tidal Flow Wetland Cells

ARCHITECTURAL DETAIL• Fourofthetidalflowwetlandcellsareincorporatedintothelobbyofthebuilding

while the remaining two tidal flow cells and four vertical flow polishing cellsprovidealandscapefeaturethatwrapsaportionoftheexterior.

• Materials and plantings for both interior and exterior wetland cells werecoordinatedwith project architect andlandscape architects to achieve desiredlookforthebuilding.

• Drawingfromitssurroundings,thebuildingwasdesignedtogivetheimpressionofaship’shull,servingtodisguisetheintegratedparkingdeckforvisitorsandstaff.

Design Basis + Architectural Integration

PROJECT PARTNERSClient PortofPortlandArchitect ZGFArchitectsLandscape ArchitectReed/MayerGeneral ContractorHoffmanConstructionCompanyOperator iWaterServicesEngineering Partner AquaNovaEngineering

PROJECT OVERVIEWPortofPortlandchosetouniteitstwomainoffices(onepreviouslylocated in downtown Portland and the other near the airport),consolidatingthemintoasingle,unitedheadquarters.Early intheplanning stages, Architectural firm ZGF interviewed the Port ofPortlandstaffinanefforttounderstandtheirculture-informationwhichhelpedthemcreatetheirdesign.

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Site Plan

FEC

VFW

Zone 4

TFWCell 1

TFWCell 2

Entry

Interior Cells

Exterior Cells

TFWCell 6

TFWCell 3

TFWCell 4

Port of Portland HQ Lobby

Reuse Tank

ControlPanel

Polishing + DisinfectionEquipment

VFW

Zone 3

VFW

Zone 1

VFW

Zone 2

TFWCell 5

Aggregate loaded into wetland cells during final construction

Exterior Vertical Flow Wetland Cells

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INTERIOR PLANTS• Plantsspecificallychosenforlowlightconditionswithinthelobby.• Strikingfoliageandflowersforaestheticqualities.

Spathiphyllum cochlearispathum, Peace lily Colocasia esculenta, Taro

Aspidistra elatior, Cast Iron PlantStrelitzia reginae, Bird of Paradise

Juncus effusus, Soft Rush Acorus gramineus, Japanese Sweet Flag

Plant Community

EXTERIOR PLANTS• Floweringplantswerenotused, inordertoavoidattractingbirds inclose

proximitytotheairport.• Plantsarenativeornaturalizedspecies.

Interior Tidal Flow Cells With Mixed Plant Species

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Performance Summary - Port of Portland

TSS

mg/

l

0

140

280

420

560

700In�uent E� Primary

2010-2012

CO

D m

g/l

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

E� COD Inf COD

1/122/1111/109/107/105/102/10

2010-2012

1/122/1111/109/107/105/102/10

Performance Summary - Port of Portland

Nitr

ogen

mg/

l

0

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

E� NH3-N E� TKN Inf TKN

2010-2012

Turb

idity

NTU

0.0

2.5

5.0

7.5

10.0

Fecal ColiformsE� Turbidity

2010-2012

Feca

l Col

iform

s C

FU

2/111/1112/1011/1010/10 1/12

2/111/1112/1011/1010/10 1/12

Engineering Design and Performance Data

P E R F O R M A N C E Units (mg/l)

Influent Primary Effluent

BOD 600 209 1.0

TSS 400 93 2.6TKN 150 159 1.7

Turbidity (NTU)

- - 0.6

System OperationOregonWPCFPermitrequiresthefollowingminimummonitoringandrecording:

• Dailyflowreadings• Annualflowmetercalibration• Annualaveragedailyflow• Grab samples collected 3x/week for

totalcoliform• Grab samples collected 3x/week for

chlorineresidual

Performance MonitoringAdditionaldataparametersaremonitoredtoensureoptimalsystemperformanceduringthefirstfewmonths:

• TotalSuspendedSolids(TSS)• ChemicalOxygenDemand(COD)• Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) and

Ammonia(NH3-N)• FecalColiforms• Turbidity

CO

D m

g/l

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

In�uent E�uentPrimary

2010-2012

1/122/1111/109/107/105/102/10

Performance Summary - Port of Portland

Nitr

ogen

mg/

l

0

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

E� NH3-N E� TKN Inf TKN

2010-2012

Turb

idity

NTU

0.0

2.5

5.0

7.5

10.0

Fecal ColiformsE� Turbidity

2010-2012

Feca

l Col

iform

s C

FU

2/111/1112/1011/1010/10 1/12

2/111/1112/1011/1010/10 1/12

ENGINEERING• WastewaterentersthePrimarySettlingTankwherelargersolids

settleout,scumfloatstothesurfaceandclarifiedliquidinthe“clearzone”flowsbygravitytotheFlowEqualizationTank.SolidsbreakdowninthePrimaryTankandthefineparticulatematerialanddissolvedorganicandinorganicmaterialpassesthroughthetanktobemetabolizedintheLivingMachinesystem.

• Stage 1 consists of 6 tidal flow wetland cells. The tidal-flowcells remove pollutants from the wastewater, using microbialcommunities attached to the surface of the wetland media(biofilms).Thebiofilmsoxidizeorganicmaterialandnitrogenouscompoundsinthewastewaterasitpassesoverthesurfaceofthemediaparticles.

• Stage2consistsofaseriesofvertical-flowwetlandcells.Thevertical-flow polishing cells remove any remaining organicmaterial,ammoniaandTSS.Thepolishingwetlandisashallowrecirculatingverticalflowwetland.Thewaterleavingthesecellsisverycleanandrequiresminimalfinaltreatment/disinfectionforre-use.

• Wastewater fromtheLivingMachine ispumped toacartridgefilterfollowedby2stagedisinfectionwithultraviolet(UV)lightandchlorinedisinfection.FilteringoftheeffluentisnecessarytoremovefineparticlesthatwillinhibitUVdisinfection.

• Online turbidity, UV transmissivity, and chlorine residualmonitoring assures that effluent reuse standards arecontinuouslybeingachieved.

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4860 Cox Rd.

Suite 120

Glen Allen, Virginia 230601

(804) 965 5590

Living Machine Process Diagram

Magnetic and ultrasonic flowmetersmonitor flow

Living Machine Control PanelWeb enabled panel allows remote operation and oversight

Stage 2Finer LESA media provides final treatment

Vertical Flow Cells 1-4Tidal Flow Cells 1 - 6

Underdrain systemAllows cells to drain quicklyallowing rapid cycling

Transition media Protects underdrain

Stage 1Coarse lightweight expand-ed shale (LESA) treatment media prevents clogging

Settling TankRemoval of coarse solids and floating material plus flow equalization

Reuse TankProvides water for toilet flushing

ORP SensorMonitors disinfection levels

Chlorine Tablet Feeder

UV

Cartridge Filter Online Turbidity Sensor

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