Liquefied Liquefied Petroleum GasesPetroleum Gases

Hazards of LP gasHazards of LP gas

FlammableFlammable

AsphyxiantAsphyxiant

1a

Hazards of LP gasHazards of LP gas

Can freeze tissue on contactCan freeze tissue on contact

Exposure limitsExposure limits• Butane - 800 ppmButane - 800 ppm• Propane - 1000 ppmPropane - 1000 ppm

1b

Hazards of LP gasHazards of LP gas

Container markingsContainer markings• Markings to identify complianceMarkings to identify compliance• Name and address of supplier on Name and address of supplier on

containercontainer• Water capacity of the containerWater capacity of the container• Designed pressure in psigDesigned pressure in psig

1c

Hazards of LP gasHazards of LP gas

Container markingsContainer markings• WordingWording• Tare weightTare weight• Markings indicating maximum fill Markings indicating maximum fill

levellevel• Outside surface area in square feetOutside surface area in square feet

1d

Storage and handling Storage and handling requirementsrequirements

OdorizationOdorization

Containers, equipment, systems Containers, equipment, systems must be DOT-approvedmust be DOT-approved

Welding procedures Welding procedures for containersfor containers

2a

Location of containers and Location of containers and regulation equipmentregulation equipment

Containers and first-stage Containers and first-stage equipment must be located equipment must be located outside of buildingsoutside of buildings

Location of containers with Location of containers with respect to respect to nearest nearest important important buildingbuilding

3a

Location of containers and Location of containers and regulation equipmentregulation equipment

Containers installed for use cannot Containers installed for use cannot be stackedbe stacked

Ignitable materials within 10 feet Ignitable materials within 10 feet of containers must be removedof containers must be removed

3b

Location of containers and Location of containers and regulation equipmentregulation equipment

Minimum separation distancesMinimum separation distances

Use dikes, diversion curbs, grading Use dikes, diversion curbs, grading to prevent accumulation of to prevent accumulation of flammable liquidsflammable liquids

3c

Location of containers and Location of containers and regulation equipmentregulation equipment

LPG containers cannot be located LPG containers cannot be located in diked areas for flammable liquid in diked areas for flammable liquid tankstanks

3d

Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices

Valves, fittings, and accessories Valves, fittings, and accessories connected directly to the container connected directly to the container must be rated to a working must be rated to a working pressure of 250 p.s.I.g.pressure of 250 p.s.I.g.

Must be suitable for LP-gas service Must be suitable for LP-gas service - can’t be made of cast iron- can’t be made of cast iron

4a

Connections to containers must Connections to containers must have shutoff valveshave shutoff valves

Piping must be wrought iron or Piping must be wrought iron or steel, brass, copper, aluminum steel, brass, copper, aluminum alloyalloy

Piping must met ANSI standardsPiping must met ANSI standards

4b

Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices

Vapor piping and pipe joints must Vapor piping and pipe joints must be suitable for operating pressuresbe suitable for operating pressures

Tubing must be seamlessTubing must be seamless

Fittings must be appropriate for Fittings must be appropriate for the operating pressuresthe operating pressures

4c

Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices

The use of threaded cast iron pipe The use of threaded cast iron pipe fittings is prohibitedfittings is prohibited

Strainers, regulators, meters, Strainers, regulators, meters, compressors, and pumps are not compressors, and pumps are not to be considered pipe fittingsto be considered pipe fittings

4d

Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices

Hose must be made of materials Hose must be made of materials resistant to liquid and vapor LP-gasresistant to liquid and vapor LP-gas

Hose subjected to container Hose subjected to container pressure must be marked “LP-Gas” pressure must be marked “LP-Gas” or “LPG” within 10-foot intervalsor “LPG” within 10-foot intervals

4e

Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices

Hose and hose connections must Hose and hose connections must meet bursting pressure meet bursting pressure requirementsrequirements

Containers and vaporizers must be Containers and vaporizers must be provided with safety relief valvesprovided with safety relief valves

4f

Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices

Safety relief valves must be spring-Safety relief valves must be spring-loaded typeloaded type

Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices

4g

Valves must allow free venting to Valves must allow free venting to the outer air at least 5 feet away the outer air at least 5 feet away from any building openingfrom any building opening

The rate of discharge must meet The rate of discharge must meet the specifications of the regulationthe specifications of the regulation

4h

Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices

Safety relief valves must be Safety relief valves must be marked with information about marked with information about discharge pressures, ratesdischarge pressures, rates

All piping and hose All piping and hose must be tested after must be tested after assemblyassembly

4i

Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices

Vaporizers and vaporizer Vaporizers and vaporizer housingshousings

Indirect-fired vaporizers using Indirect-fired vaporizers using steam or water must meet ASME steam or water must meet ASME codescodes

5a

Vaporizers and vaporizer Vaporizers and vaporizer housingshousings

Vaporizers must be marked withVaporizers must be marked with• code of the construction specificationscode of the construction specifications• allowable working pressure and allowable working pressure and

temperaturetemperature• sum of the outside surface areasum of the outside surface area• inside heat exchange surface areainside heat exchange surface area• name and symbol of the manufacturername and symbol of the manufacturer

5b

Filling densitiesFilling densities

Defined as the percent ratio of the Defined as the percent ratio of the weight of the gas in a container to weight of the gas in a container to the weight of water the container the weight of water the container will hold at will hold at 60 degrees F60 degrees F

6a

Requirements for LPG Requirements for LPG in buildingsin buildings

Restrictions exist for piping vapor Restrictions exist for piping vapor at pressures in excess of 20 p.s.i.g at pressures in excess of 20 p.s.i.g into buildingsinto buildings

Liquid may be permitted in Liquid may be permitted in buildings only when the buildings buildings only when the buildings meet certain construction meet certain construction requirementsrequirements

7a

Transferring liquidsTransferring liquids

One attendant must remain close to One attendant must remain close to the transfer connectionthe transfer connection

The owner of the container must The owner of the container must authorize filling and useauthorize filling and use

““Single-trip containers” and “Non-Single-trip containers” and “Non-refillable containers” can not be refillable containers” can not be refilled or reusedrefilled or reused

8a

Transferring liquidsTransferring liquids

Maintain required distances Maintain required distances between filling point and nearest between filling point and nearest buildingbuilding

Charging and gauging of fuel Charging and gauging of fuel supply containerssupply containers

Maximum vapor pressureMaximum vapor pressure

8b

Transferring liquidsTransferring liquids

Transfer equipmentTransfer equipment

Shutting down equipmentShutting down equipment

Shut down open flames prior to Shut down open flames prior to refuelingrefueling

8c

Loading and unloadingLoading and unloading

Tank car sidings must be levelTank car sidings must be level

““Tank Car Connected” signs must Tank Car Connected” signs must be in place at active endsbe in place at active ends

Block the wheels of the tanks carBlock the wheels of the tanks car

9a

Loading and unloadingLoading and unloading

Have an attendant present at all Have an attendant present at all timestimes

Equipment used during Equipment used during loading/unloadingloading/unloading

9b

Loading and unloadingLoading and unloading

Loading/unloading factorsLoading/unloading factors• Proximity to railroads/highwaysProximity to railroads/highways• Nearby buildingsNearby buildings• Nature of occupancyNature of occupancy• TopographyTopography• Construction typeConstruction type• Number of cars that can be Number of cars that can be

loaded/unloaded at one timeloaded/unloaded at one time• Frequency of loading/unloadingFrequency of loading/unloading

9c

Electrical equipmentElectrical equipment

Must meet requirements of 29 CFR Must meet requirements of 29 CFR 1910 Subpart S1910 Subpart S

Review Table H-28Review Table H-28

Keep open flames away from Keep open flames away from vaporizer rooms, pumphouses, vaporizer rooms, pumphouses, charging roomscharging rooms

10a

Liquid-level gauging Liquid-level gauging devicesdevices

Containers are equipped with a Containers are equipped with a fixed liquid-level gaugefixed liquid-level gauge

Gauges must have a design Gauges must have a design working pressure of 250 p.s.i.g.working pressure of 250 p.s.i.g.

11a

AppliancesAppliances

Appliances must be properly Appliances must be properly converted, adapted, and testedconverted, adapted, and tested

Unattended heaters must have Unattended heaters must have automatic shut off deviceautomatic shut off device

Appliances must be installed in Appliances must be installed in accordance with NFPA standardsaccordance with NFPA standards

12a

Cylinder systemsCylinder systems

Containers must be marked in Containers must be marked in accordance with DOT regulationsaccordance with DOT regulations

13a

Cylinder systemsCylinder systems

Cylinder systems include:Cylinder systems include:• ContainersContainers• Container valvesContainer valves• ConnectorsConnectors• Manifold valve assemblyManifold valve assembly• RegulatorsRegulators• Relief valvesRelief valves

13b

Systems that use other-than-Systems that use other-than-DOT approved containersDOT approved containers

Watch service is necessary for Watch service is necessary for systems that have a water systems that have a water capacity of 2,000 gallons or morecapacity of 2,000 gallons or more

Watch service must be trained in Watch service must be trained in basic LPG requirementsbasic LPG requirements

14a

LPG as a motor fuelLPG as a motor fuel

Passenger-carrying vehicles may Passenger-carrying vehicles may not be fueled with passengers on not be fueled with passengers on boardboard

Industrial trucks with permanently Industrial trucks with permanently mounted mounted containers must containers must be charged be charged outdoorsoutdoors

15a

LPG as a motor fuelLPG as a motor fuel

Shut down engines while fuelingShut down engines while fueling

Secure fuel containersSecure fuel containers

16a

Storage of containers Storage of containers awaiting use or resaleawaiting use or resale

Locate so as to minimize exposure Locate so as to minimize exposure to:to:• excessive rise of temperatureexcessive rise of temperature• physical damagephysical damage• tamperingtampering

Do not locate Do not locate near exits, near exits, stairwaysstairways

17a

LPG systems installationLPG systems installation

Applies to:Applies to:• LPG system installation on vehicles LPG system installation on vehicles

used for commercial and construction used for commercial and construction operationsoperations

• exchangeable container systems with exchangeable container systems with container capacities greater than 105 container capacities greater than 105 pounds water capacitypounds water capacity

• systems using containers systems using containers permanently mounted on vehiclespermanently mounted on vehicles

18a

LPG service stationsLPG service stations

Design pressureDesign pressure

Classification of storage containersClassification of storage containers

19a

LPG service stationsLPG service stations

Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, relief valvesrelief valves

Capacity of liquid containersCapacity of liquid containers

19b

LPG service stations: LPG service stations: installation of storage installation of storage containerscontainers

Minimum distancesMinimum distances

Remove ignitable material within Remove ignitable material within 10 feet of containers10 feet of containers

Separation distancesSeparation distances

19c

Diking, diversion curbs, gradingDiking, diversion curbs, grading

Do not locate LPG containers near Do not locate LPG containers near diked areas for flammable liquid diked areas for flammable liquid containerscontainers

Contraction, expansion, vibration, Contraction, expansion, vibration, settlingsettling

19d

LPG service stations: LPG service stations: installation of storage installation of storage containerscontainers

FlotationFlotation

Aboveground containersAboveground containers

Underground containersUnderground containers

19d

LPG service stations: LPG service stations: installation of storage installation of storage containerscontainers

Protection of container fittings, Protection of container fittings, piping, valvespiping, valves

Transport truck unloading pointsTransport truck unloading points

Equipment used for pumps and Equipment used for pumps and dispensing devicesdispensing devices

19e

LPG service stations: LPG service stations: installation of storage installation of storage containerscontainers

No smoking in fueling areas - post No smoking in fueling areas - post signssigns

Shut off motors when fuelingShut off motors when fueling

Electrical equipment requirementsElectrical equipment requirements

Approved fire extinguishersApproved fire extinguishers

19f

LPG service stations: LPG service stations: installation of storage installation of storage containerscontainers

Summary of main pointsSummary of main points

Hazards of LPGHazards of LPG

Basic requirementsBasic requirements

Equipment and systemsEquipment and systems

Transferring of liquidsTransferring of liquids

20a

Summary of main pointsSummary of main points

Loading/unloading of tank cars and Loading/unloading of tank cars and transport truckstransport trucks

DOT container systemsDOT container systems

Non-DOT container systemsNon-DOT container systems

20b

Summary of main pointsSummary of main points

LPG as motor fuelLPG as motor fuel

Storage of containers awaiting use Storage of containers awaiting use or resaleor resale

LPG installation on commercial LPG installation on commercial vehiclesvehicles

LPG service stationsLPG service stations20c