Q1. What was life like in the Highlands of Scotland?

Q2. Who was Bonnie Prince Charlie and why was he so important?

Q3. Why was there a Jacobite Rebellion in 1745?

Q4. What happened at the Battle of Culloden?

Q5. What were the consequences of the battle?

Skills –be more aware of how we learn

- cooperative working (team work)

- use of partner voice

- information selection

- sequencing information

We would like to know:

• What it was like to fight in an 18th C battle?

• Which side had better preparation?

• What happened during the battle?

• Why the Jacobites lost the battle?

16th April 1746

Jacobite leader

Roman Catholic

Inexperienced in battle

Viewed as terrorist

No longer trusted

MacDonald and Murray

Retreated from Derby

Cousin of Cumberlan

d

Duke of Cumberlan

d

2nd son of George II

Leader of Government

Army

Experienced officer

Men trained in new

bayonet drill

Recent victories against Austrians

Cousin of Charles Edward Stuart

Belief: defend Protestant faith

The Retreat North

Jacobite victory

at Falkirk against 8,000 men

April 1746 – Cumberland’s army reached Aberdeen

Jacobite army only

5,000 men

20 mins

What is needed to win?

1.2.3.4.5.6.

• Splits army• Troops sent out to capture 3 forts still

in government hands• However, message received that

Cumberland’s army on the move• Jacobites recalled• Returned exhausted, hungry and cold

The Retreat to Inverness

The Eve of Battle15th April 1746

• Duke’s 25th birthday• Jacobites launched

night attack hoping soldiers would be drunk

• Arrived too late• Retreated• Tired & hungry

Which side was better prepared?

5000 men 2,400

cavalry6,400

infantryMen exhausted

& hungry More Scots than Jacobites had

Men fresh & well supplied

Poor choice of battlefield

Culloden 16th April 1746

9,000

4,000

NoordersfromBPC

Events of battle

• Jacobite cannon opened fighting.

• Cannon fire raked through Highlanders.

• Jacobites on left charged without orders.

• Government changed to grapeshot to cut down enemy

• Infantry in lines of 3 fired on Jacobites.

• Bayonets used on brave clansmen.

• Retreating Highlanders trapped by flanking fire.

• Government cavalry charged.

• Battle ended after 1 hour 8 minutes.

2000 men

killed

44 men

killed

Skills –be more aware of how we learn

- cooperative working (team work)

- use of partner voice

- information selection

- sequencing information