Late 1800s & Early 1900sLate 1800s & Early 1900s

United States!United States!

Reforming (changing) the Reforming (changing) the U.S.U.S.

Cities were crowded, Cities were crowded, leaders were unethical, leaders were unethical, and people were not and people were not enjoying the quality of life enjoying the quality of life they deserved.they deserved.

Think of Think of

P-R-O-G-R-E-S-SP-R-O-G-R-E-S-S

All sorts of people experienced All sorts of people experienced progress during the progress during the Progressive Progressive

MovementMovement

1.1. Muckrakers “dug up the Muckrakers “dug up the dirt” on problems and dirt” on problems and exposed their findings to exposed their findings to the public…usually in the public…usually in writingwriting

2.2. Political leaders made Political leaders made positive changespositive changes

Dirty, pollution, diseaseDirty, pollution, disease CrimeCrime Corrupt leadersCorrupt leaders Poor sanitation and waterPoor sanitation and water Slums, tenementsSlums, tenements Dangerous Living Dangerous Living ConditionsConditions

o Building Codes improved living Building Codes improved living conditionsconditions

o Garbage Collect, Water systems Garbage Collect, Water systems improved sanitation and cleaned improved sanitation and cleaned up the citiesup the cities

o Fire DepartmentFire Departmento Street LightsStreet Lightso Zoning Laws moved factories Zoning Laws moved factories

away from apartmentsaway from apartments

Jane Addams & Hull HouseJane Addams & Hull House Settlement HousesSettlement Houses Salvation ArmySalvation Army YMHA, YMCAYMHA, YMCA

City CenterCity CenterSlums

TenementsFactories

SuburbSuburbss

Rural Rural CountrysideCountryside

Problem / Problem / IssueIssue

Life in Life in slums and slums and tenementstenements

TemperancTemperance e Movement Movement (ban (ban alcohol alcohol because of because of abuse)abuse)

Food Food Packing Packing Industry’s Industry’s unsanitary unsanitary conditionsconditions

Reforming Reforming City City GovernmenGovernmentsts

-Bosses -Bosses ruled citiesruled cities

Power of Power of Big Big BusinessBusiness

IndividualIndividual Jacob RiisJacob Riis Carry Carry NationNation

Upton Upton SinclairSinclair

Thomas Thomas NastNast

Ida TarbellIda Tarbell

Actions Actions taken to taken to

bring bring about about reformreform

““How the How the Other Half Other Half Lives” – Lives” – book & book & photosphotos

Destroyed Destroyed alcohol alcohol with a with a hatchethatchet

Wrote The Wrote The Jungle, Jungle, exposed exposed poor poor conditionsconditions

Political Political cartoons cartoons showed showed corruptioncorruption

Wrote Wrote about about Standard Standard Oil bad Oil bad business business practicespractices

ResultsResultsImproved Improved conditions conditions of of tenementstenements

1818thth AmendmenAmendment (outlaws t (outlaws sale of sale of alcohol)alcohol)

Meat Meat Inspection Inspection Act 1906, Act 1906, Pure Food Pure Food and Drug and Drug ActAct

Bosses Bosses JailedJailed

U.S. Gov’t U.S. Gov’t started to started to “bust up” “bust up” monopoliesmonopolies

www.vw.vccs.edu

President Roosevelt had to clean up the meat scandal by creating the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906

• Trustbuster!Trustbuster!

• Environmental Environmental ConservationConservation

• Supported Supported workersworkers

• Food/Drug Food/Drug LawsLaws

NAACP NAACP –National Association for –National Association for the Advancement of Colored the Advancement of Colored People – organization created People – organization created to monitor and protect the to monitor and protect the rights of African Americansrights of African Americans

Square DealSquare Deal – Pres. Theodore – Pres. Theodore Roosevelt’s idea that everyone Roosevelt’s idea that everyone should have an opportunity to should have an opportunity to succeed – regardless of wealthsucceed – regardless of wealth

Interstate Commerce Act Interstate Commerce Act – – regulated business practices regulated business practices that crossed state linesthat crossed state lines

*more successful than the *more successful than the Sherman Antitrust ActSherman Antitrust Act

Federal Trade CommissionFederal Trade Commission – – investigated businesses investigated businesses suspected of using unfair suspected of using unfair practicespractices

1919thth Amendment Amendment – Women’s Suffrage – Women’s Suffrage

1818thth Amendment Amendment – Ban on Alcohol – Ban on Alcohol

1616thth Amendment Amendment – Income tax based on – Income tax based on

salarysalary

Take-down of political bossesTake-down of political bosses (Tweed) (Tweed)

Civil Service CommissionCivil Service Commission – hires by – hires by merit rather than connectionsmerit rather than connections

National ParksNational Parks

Food & Drug LawsFood & Drug Laws

The rest of the slides are The rest of the slides are

practice vocabulary. practice vocabulary.

Quiz yourself!Quiz yourself!

1818thth AmendmeAmendme

ntnt

1919-1919-Made the Made the manufacture and manufacture and sale of alcoholic sale of alcoholic beverages illegal.beverages illegal.

TemperanTemperancece

MovemenMovementt

People who People who organized in organized in order to create a order to create a ban on alcohol.ban on alcohol.-Carry Nation-Carry Nation-Francis Willard-Francis Willard-Women’s Christian -Women’s Christian Temperance UnionTemperance Union

1919thth

AmendmeAmendmentnt

1920-1920-Guaranteed the Guaranteed the right to vote right to vote regardless of sexregardless of sex(women can (women can vote)vote)

JaneJane

AddamsAddams

Founder of Hull Founder of Hull House in House in

Chicago, a Chicago, a settlement settlement

house for the house for the poor.poor.

ReformReform

To change or To change or improveimprove

ProgressivProgressiveses

Nickname for Nickname for people who people who worked for worked for

change during change during the the

Progressive Progressive MovementMovement

UrbanizatiUrbanizationon

The movement The movement of people from of people from

rural areas rural areas (like the (like the

country) to country) to citiescities

SettlemenSettlementt

HouseHouse

Building in a Building in a poor or ethnic poor or ethnic neighborhood neighborhood that offered that offered

services, services, education, and education, and

activities.activities.

Hull HouseHull House

Settlement Settlement House in House in Chicago Chicago

opened by opened by Jane AddamsJane Addams

Civil Civil Service Service ReformReform

Changed in gov’t Changed in gov’t hiring process hiring process

that focused on that focused on merit rather merit rather

than than connections.connections.

MuckrakerMuckraker

Journalists who tried Journalists who tried to improve society to improve society

through their through their investigative investigative reporting and reporting and photography. photography. Exposed health Exposed health

conditions, corruption conditions, corruption in government, and in government, and social problems. social problems.

ConservatiConservationon

The The preservation preservation

of natural of natural resourcesresources

The JungleThe Jungle

Book by Upton Book by Upton Sinclair which Sinclair which exposed the exposed the

abuses of the abuses of the meat packing meat packing

industryindustry

MeatMeatInspectionInspection

ActAct

1906 Law passed as 1906 Law passed as a result of Upton a result of Upton

Sinclair’s novel, Sinclair’s novel, The The JungleJungle. Authorized . Authorized the inspection of all the inspection of all

meat products meat products shipped in interstate shipped in interstate

commerce (from commerce (from state to state)state to state)

NAACPNAACP

National National Association for Association for

the the Advancement Advancement

of Colored of Colored PeoplePeople

ProgressivProgressivee

MovemenMovementt

Time of Time of reform, reform,

generally generally centered in centered in

urban areas.urban areas.

ProhibitioProhibitionn

The ban on The ban on alcoholic alcoholic

beverages in beverages in the U.S. after the U.S. after

the 18the 18thth AmendmentAmendment

Pure Food Pure Food and Drug and Drug

ActAct

1906 Law-1906 Law-Forbidding the Forbidding the

manufacture and manufacture and sale of dishonestly sale of dishonestly labeled product: labeled product: All products must All products must have ingredients have ingredients

listedlisted

Sherman Sherman Antitrust Antitrust

ActAct

1890 Law –1890 Law –

Prohibited Prohibited monopolies monopolies

Interstate Interstate CommercCommerc

e Acte Act

Law that Law that monitored monitored railroads in railroads in

order to restrict order to restrict unfair business unfair business

practices practices

SocialSocial

ActivistActivist

Individuals who Individuals who protest and protest and

defend defend individual rights.individual rights.

Ex. Jane Addams Ex. Jane Addams

SquareSquare

DealDeal

President President Theodore Theodore

Roosevelt’s idea Roosevelt’s idea that all people that all people should have an should have an opportunity to opportunity to succeed in the succeed in the

U.S. U.S.

TenementTenement

Overcrowded Overcrowded apartment apartment

building in a building in a city slum city slum

SuffrageSuffrage

The right to The right to vote vote