Post on 15-Mar-2020
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t Adv
ance
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tude
nt S
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lS
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urg,
200
8
Dudorov D.V., Jin HaiN
an
Pro
fess
or:
Gav
rilo
va T
.A.
SOFTWARE D
ECISIO
N FOR
KNOWLEDGE M
ANAGEMENT
Contents
�In
trod
uctio
n�
Bas
ic a
ppro
ache
s�
His
tory
of K
M�
Way
s of
get
ting
know
ledg
e�
Kno
wle
dge
Man
agem
ent S
yste
m�
Ont
olog
y�
Our
sof
twar
e de
cisi
on�
Per
spec
tives
�C
oncl
usio
n
What is Knowledge?
�K
now
ledg
e is
nei
ther
dat
a no
r in
form
atio
n, th
ough
it is
re
late
d to
bot
h, a
nd th
e di
ffere
nces
bet
wee
n th
ese
term
s ar
e of
ten
a m
atte
r of
deg
ree.
�
Dat
a, in
form
atio
n an
d kn
owle
dge
are
not i
nter
chan
geab
le
conc
epts
. �
Kno
wle
dge
is a
flui
d m
ix o
f fra
med
exp
erie
nce,
val
ues,
co
ntex
tual
info
rmat
ion,
and
exp
ert i
nsig
ht th
at p
rovi
des
a fr
amew
ork
for
eval
uatin
g an
d in
corp
orat
ing
new
ex
perie
nces
and
info
rmat
ion.
It o
rigin
ates
and
is a
pplie
d in
th
e m
inds
of k
now
ers.
In o
rgan
izat
ions
, it o
ften
beco
mes
em
bedd
ed n
ot o
nly
in d
ocum
ents
or
repo
sito
ries
but a
lso
in o
rgan
izat
iona
l rou
tines
, pro
cess
es, p
ract
ices
and
nor
ms.
What is Knowledge M
anagement?
The
leve
ragi
ng o
f col
lect
ive
wis
dom
to in
crea
se
resp
onsi
vene
ss a
nd in
nova
tion.
Kno
wle
dge
Man
agem
ent i
s in
tend
ed to
allo
w o
rgan
isat
ions
to
prot
ect a
nd d
evel
op th
eir
know
ledg
e re
sour
ce.
Kno
wle
dge
Man
agem
ent i
s a
man
agem
ent d
isci
plin
e th
at
focu
ses
on e
nhan
cing
kno
wle
dge
prod
uctio
n, in
tegr
atio
n an
d us
e in
org
aniz
atio
ns.
A c
ycle
of k
now
ledg
e cr
eatio
n, in
tegr
atio
n an
d di
ssem
inat
ion.
Objective of KM:
RIGHTinform
ation
RIGHTperson
the MOST
APPROPRIATEdecision
(just in time)
KM
Cognitive science
Expert systems
AI and KBMS
Computer-supported
collaborative work
Library and
inform
ation science
Technical writing
Document
management
Decision support
systems
Semantic networks
Simulation
Organizational science
Disciplines and Technologies:
KM theory models:
Polaniy’s
model
Knowledge (+ how)
Inform
ation (+ context)
Data
Wisdom
(+ when)
Tacit
knowledge
Explicit
knowledge
what is in
our heads
what we have
codified
DIKW
model
�R
educ
tions
in s
taffi
ng c
reat
e a
need
to r
epla
ce in
form
al
know
ledg
e w
ith fo
rmal
met
hods
.
�C
ompe
titiv
e pr
essu
res
redu
ce th
e si
ze o
f the
wor
k fo
rce
that
hol
ds
valu
able
bus
ines
s kn
owle
dge.
�T
he a
mou
nt o
f tim
e av
aila
ble
to e
xper
ienc
e an
d ac
quire
kn
owle
dge
has
dim
inis
hed.
�T
here
is a
nee
d to
man
age
incr
easi
ng c
ompl
exity
as
smal
l ope
ratin
g co
mpa
nies
are
tran
s-na
tiona
l so
urci
ng o
pera
tions
.
�M
ost o
f our
wor
k is
info
rmat
ion
base
d.
�P
rodu
cts
and
serv
ices
are
incr
easi
ngly
co
mpl
ex, e
ndow
ing
them
with
a s
igni
fican
t inf
orm
atio
n co
mpo
nent
.
Why do w
e need KM ?
A c
ompa
ny's
inte
llect
ual c
apita
l rep
rese
nts
its a
bilit
y to
cha
nge
in
the
face
of a
dver
sity
. Dev
elop
new
pro
duct
s. C
ut r
esea
rch
and
deve
lop
time.
Pro
vide
qua
lity
cust
omer
ser
vice
. Sha
re k
now
ledg
e w
ith e
mpl
oyee
s, p
artn
ers
and
cust
omer
s.
Real-life exam
ple
Compan
y: O
RBITAL Software
Knowledge
Mission
Competition
Perfomance
Change
What are we trying to accomplish?
How do we gain a
competitive edge?
How do we deliver the results?
How do we cope
with change?
management
dim
ensions
History of KM:
The beginning
The dawn of KM
Future
P. Druckerand P. Strassmann-
importance of inform
ation and explicit
knowledge as organizational resources
C. Argyris, C. Bartlett and
D. Leonard-Barton of Harvard Business School
examined various facets of managing knowledge
P. Senge–“learning organization”
1970s~
:Chaparral Steel company -
effective
knowledge management strategy
knowledge management
entered the lexicon
R. Acksyn, D. McCracken -
Knowledge M
anagement
System (KMS)
1995:Leonard-Barton-“W
ellsprings
of Knowledge —
Building and
Sustaining Sources of Innovation”
1989: The International KM Network
(IKMN)
1991: T. Stewart –
"Brainpower"
(KM was introduced in press)
1970s:E. Rogers (Stanford), T. Allen
(MIT) -how knowledge is
produced, used, and diffused within
organizations
KM as a business
Non-software
Magazines, books
TV
Radio
Conferences
Software
Expert systems
Portals
Search engines
Forums
FAQs
Ways of getting Knowledge:
KM System
KM System
--refers
refers
totoa
a
system
system
for
formanaging
managingknowledge
knowledge inin
organizations
organizations, , supporting
supportingcreation
creation, ,
capture
capture, , storage
storageand
andissemination
issemination
of
ofinform
ation
inform
ation..
�D
ocum
ent b
ased
�O
ntol
ogy
base
d
�B
ased
on
AI t
echn
olog
ies
�In
crea
sing
ly s
ocia
l com
putin
g to
olsE
xper
tK
now
ledg
e ba
se
Use
rs
Env
ironm
ent
Kn
ow
led
ge
Act
ion
Res
po
nse
Info
rmat
ion
Act
ion
Res
po
nse
Info
rmat
ion
Kn
ow
led
ge
Act
ion
Act
ion
KM System
Sha
ring
of v
alua
ble
orga
niza
tiona
l inf
orm
atio
n.
Can
avo
id r
e-in
vent
ing
the
whe
el, r
educ
ing
redu
ndan
t wor
k.
May
red
uce
trai
ning
tim
e fo
r ne
w e
mpl
oyee
s
Ret
entio
n of
Inte
llect
ual P
rope
rty
afte
r th
e em
ploy
ee le
aves
if s
uch
know
ledg
e ca
n be
cod
ified
.
Ben
efitsofKM System
s:
Digital studen
ts
By
age
21, t
he a
vera
ge c
olle
gest
uden
t will
hav
e sp
ent:
10,0
00 h
ours
vid
eo g
ames
200,
000
emai
ls20
,000
hou
rs T
V10
,000
hou
rs c
ell p
hone
Und
er 5
,000
hou
rs r
eadi
ng (
!)
Cam
pus Web
Portals
28%
of i
nstit
utio
ns h
ave
web
-bas
ed c
ampu
s po
rtal
s (2
1% in
200
2)(2
003
Nat
ion
al S
urv
ey o
f IT
in U
S H
igh
er E
du
cati
on
)
Relev
ant Techniques to KM
-Kno
wle
dge
Eng
inee
ring
-Dat
a M
inin
g, In
form
atio
n E
xtra
ctio
n-O
ntol
ogy
-XM
L, X
ML
Sch
ema
-Kno
wle
dge
and
Ent
erpr
ise
Mod
ellin
g-B
usin
ess
Pro
cess
Mod
ellin
g-C
apab
ility
, Goa
l Mod
ellin
g,
-Use
r M
odel
ling
and
Pro
filin
g-C
ase
Bas
ed R
easo
ning
-Pla
nnin
g-W
orkf
low
Sys
tem
s
Ontology
In p
hilo
sop
hy
of
anci
ent
tim
e:O
ntol
ogy
isth
ebr
anch
of p
hilo
soph
y th
atst
udie
sth
e na
ture
of E
xist
ence
.
No
wad
ays:
In c
ompu
ter
scie
nce,
onto
logy
defin
es th
e ba
sic
term
s an
d re
latio
ns
com
pris
ing
the
stru
ctur
ed v
ocab
ular
y of
a to
pic
area
.It
is a
n ex
plic
it S
peci
ficat
ion
of a
Con
cept
ualis
atio
nor
a h
iera
rchi
cally
st
ruct
ured
set
of t
erm
s fo
r de
scrib
ing
a do
mai
n th
at c
an b
e us
edas
a
skel
etal
foun
datio
n fo
r a
know
ledg
e ba
se”.The New
Old Conception…
Why do we need Ontology ?
Knowledge
engineering
and management
User
modelling
Multimediasearch
and retrieval
Query
processing
Agent-based
computing
Semantic Web
E-commerce
How to Present Ontology ?
Ontology Research
�C
AK
E/V
ITA
(Rus
sia)
�O
ntoE
dit
(Ger
man
y)�
KA
ON
(Ger
man
y)�
Apo
llo(U
nite
d K
ingd
om)
�W
ebO
nto
(Uni
ted
Kin
gdom
)�
OilE
d(U
nite
d K
ingd
om)
�P
RO
TE
GE
(Uni
ted
Sta
tes)
�H
ozo
OE
-M
izog
uchi
Too
l(J
apan
)
and Software
KnowledgePortal
Not
a s
earc
h en
gine
for
data
or
info
rmat
ion
but f
or K
now
ledg
e
+
Ontology-based KP by Using KAON
THE W
ORKFLOW
of the system
Dev
elopmen
tUtilizing
Dev
eloping Process
Analyzing…
Dev
eloping Process
Vocabulary construction…
Dev
eloping Process
Concept definition…
Dev
eloping Process
Relationsh
ip and
property…
Dev
eloping Process
Ontology design…
Ontology-based
Knowledge Portal
by U
sing KAON
Ont
olog
y-ba
sed
Kno
wle
dge
Por
tal
ente
r
Persp
ectives
The
cur
rent
cap
abili
ty o
f mac
hine
inte
llige
nce
will
con
tinue
to b
e a
valu
able
res
ourc
e fo
r th
e fu
ture
.
Tec
hnol
ogy
will
cle
arly
bec
ome
mor
e he
lpfu
l in
deal
ing
with
info
rmat
ion
over
load
.
Wha
t abo
ut e
mpl
oyee
s?
Conclusion
�K
M -
seek
s to
und
erst
and
the
way
in w
hich
kno
wle
dge
is c
reat
ed, u
sed
and
shar
ed w
ithin
org
aniz
atio
ns.
�2
mod
els
in K
M th
eory
: DIK
W a
nd P
olan
iy’s
.
�B
oth,
pos
itive
and
neg
ativ
e, p
ersp
ectiv
es o
f KM
de
velo
pmen
t ava
ilabl
e.
Link
s us
ed
�A
BC
: An
Intr
oduc
tion
to K
now
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t (K
M)
(ww
w.c
io.c
om)
�W
ikip
edia
(ww
w.w
ikip
edia
.com
)
�K
now
ledg
e P
raxi
s (w
ww
.med
ia-a
cces
s.co
m)
�K
now
ledg
eM
anag
emen
t—E
mer
ging
Per
spec
tives
(ww
w.s
yste
ms-
thin
king
.org
)
�K
M p
asta
ndfu
ture
-Cha
ngin
gth
eru
les
ofth
ega
me
(ww
w.k
mw
orld
.com
)
End
of s
lides
Tha
nk y
ou fo
r lis
teni
ng!