Post on 05-Aug-2020
Scale up Sustainable Buildings in China
@Pacific Ci6es Sustainability Ini6a6ve
Annual Forum
Dr. Kevin Mo Director, China Buildings Program
The Energy Founda6on 02/19/2013
Energy Founda6on China
David and Lucile Packard Foundation The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation The ClimateWorks Foundation The McKnight Foundation TOSA Foundation Stifung Mercator Foundation Oak Foundation Pisces Foundation Grantham Foundation The Kresge Foundation Robertson Foundation Schmidt Family Foundation Tilia Fund TomKat Trust
Energy Foundation �San Francisco �
Energy Foundation �Beijing �
Ø Established in 1991, funded by a collection of private charity foundations �
Ø Focuses on energy, environment and climate change �
Ø The Beijing office was established in 1999 �
Ø Officially registered with Ministry of Civic Affairs, China �
�
The Energy Foundation
Funders
Four areas
Energy Efficiency Sustainable Energy
Low carbon Environment
Funding trend
Ø Increasing interest in China’s energy, environment and climate change Ø The Energy Founda?on Beijing Office made a total of US$300 million grants in the past 13 years
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
$ Millions
建筑节能项目 Buildings
环境管理项目 Environmental Management
工业节能项目 Industry
低碳发展之路项目 LCDP
交通项目 Transporta?on
电力项目 Electric U?li?es
可再生能源项目 Renewable Energy
可持续城市项目 Sustainable Ci?es
Why Is China’s Building Energy Use Increasing?
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
1990 1995 2000 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010
Urbaniza?on Ra?o (%)
344 604 949
1808
2652 3414
3748 4425
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
1990 1995 2000 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010
GDP per capita ($)
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1990 1995 2000 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010
Urban building floor area per capita(m2)
0
100
200
300
400
500
1990 2000 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010
Residen?al building energy consump?on per capita (kWh)
Urban Rural Average Source: 2011 Energy Data, by Qingyi WANG
Our Strategies to Cut Carbon Emissions
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
Busine
ss as u
sual
Avoide
d GHG
by strategies
Carbon emissions avoided by the energy efficiency strategy (building codes for new buildings + exis6ng building retrofits)
Carbon emissions avoided by addi6onal strategies (renewable energy + green building)
Projected carbon emissions by the building sector resulted from the two strategies
CO2 Emissions by China’s Building Sector(MtCO2) 1. Building Codes
2. Exis6ng
Building Retrofits
3. Green
Buildings 4. Renewable
Energy
5. Appliance
Incremental Cost of GB (RMB/square meter)
Star Level Surveyed Cost Reported Cost
Residen6al One star 15.98 54.23
Two star 35.18 60.85
Three star 67.98 120.82
Commercial One Star 28.82 64.9
Two star 136.42 165.71
Three star 163.23 159.97
• 500+ cer6fied buildings by 2012 • Surveyed 50+ cer6fied green buildings • Used a consistent cost analysis method • Verified local market data
Source: Center of Science and Technology of Construc6on, MoHURD. Funded by EF
GB Market vs. Local Economic Development When a city’s GDP reaches 600 billion RMB (US$95 billion), GB is likely to take off. (GDP data: 2010. GB data: 2012)
Source: Center of Science and Technology of Construc6on, MoHURD. Funded by EF
Scale Up Green Buildings
Voluntary Local Pilots
Voluntary Na6onal Policy
Mandatory Local Pilots Mandatory Na6onal Policy
2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 2010 2013 2014
Released Na?onal Voluntary Standard
Launched Na?onal Voluntary Program �Local pilots on voluntary Pilot area
Announced a plan to
mandate GB �
Mandate GB for
government buildings & affordable buildings Local pilots on mandatory
Scale up voluntary Implementa?on on
mandatory Na?onal Green Building Ac?on Plan (Jan 1, 2013) • Mandate GB by 2014 (the State Council)
Roadmap for Scaling up RE in buildings
Solar Hea6ng (annual growth rate 17.25%) Solar PV (annual growth rate 37.38%) Geothermal (annual growth rate 25.32%)
Renewables to Replace Fossil Fuels in the Building Sector (by 10,000 tce)
Source: Center of Science and Technology of Construc6on, MoHURD. Funded by EF
Conclusion
• China’s building energy use will keep increasing in the next two decades
• We developed strategies to cut carbon emissions in China’s building sector – Green buildings and renewable energy applica6on in buildings are two of the five strategies
• We supported policy research to scale up green buildings and renewable energy applica6on in buildings
Thank You!
Kevin Mo, Ph.D. Director, China Buildings Program The Energy Founda6on email: kevinmo@efchina.org phone: +86 (10) 5821.7114
Credit: The Jiangbeizui District in Chongqing and the Chongqing Grand Theater. (A total of four million square meters of building space is condi6oned by renewable energy via river-‐source heat pump technology)