Scale  up  Sustainable  Buildings  in  China  

 @Pacific  Ci6es  Sustainability  Ini6a6ve  

Annual  Forum    

Dr.  Kevin  Mo  Director,  China  Buildings  Program  

The  Energy  Founda6on  02/19/2013  

Energy  Founda6on  China

David and Lucile Packard Foundation The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation The ClimateWorks Foundation The McKnight Foundation TOSA Foundation Stifung Mercator Foundation Oak Foundation Pisces Foundation Grantham Foundation The Kresge Foundation Robertson Foundation Schmidt Family Foundation Tilia Fund TomKat Trust  

Energy Foundation �San Francisco �

Energy Foundation �Beijing �

Ø  Established in 1991, funded by a collection of private charity foundations �

Ø  Focuses on energy, environment and climate change �

Ø  The Beijing office was established in 1999 �

Ø  Officially registered with Ministry of Civic Affairs, China �

�

The Energy Foundation

Funders

Four  areas

Energy  Efficiency  Sustainable  Energy  

Low  carbon  Environment  

Funding  trend

Ø  Increasing  interest  in  China’s  energy,  environment  and  climate  change  Ø  The  Energy  Founda?on  Beijing  Office  made  a  total  of  US$300  million  grants  in  the  past  13  years  

0  

5  

10  

15  

20  

25  

30  

35  

40  

1999   2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006   2007   2008   2009   2010   2011   2012  

$  Millions  

建筑节能项目 Buildings  

环境管理项目 Environmental  Management  

工业节能项目 Industry  

低碳发展之路项目 LCDP  

交通项目 Transporta?on  

电力项目 Electric  U?li?es  

可再生能源项目 Renewable  Energy  

可持续城市项目 Sustainable  Ci?es  

Why  Is  China’s  Building  Energy  Use  Increasing?

20  25  30  35  40  45  50  55  

1990   1995   2000   2005   2007   2008   2009   2010  

Urbaniza?on  Ra?o  (%)  

344   604  949  

1808  

2652  3414  

3748  4425  

0  

1000  

2000  

3000  

4000  

5000  

1990   1995   2000   2005   2007   2008   2009   2010  

GDP  per  capita  ($)

10  

15  

20  

25  

30  

35  

40  

1990   1995   2000   2005   2007   2008   2009   2010  

Urban  building  floor  area  per  capita(m2)  

0  

100  

200  

300  

400  

500  

1990   2000   2005   2007   2008   2009   2010  

Residen?al  building  energy  consump?on  per  capita  (kWh)  

Urban   Rural   Average  Source:  2011  Energy  Data,  by  Qingyi  WANG

Our  Strategies  to  Cut  Carbon  Emissions

0  

500  

1,000  

1,500  

2,000  

2,500  

3,000  

3,500  

2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  2016  2017  2018  2019  2020  2021  2022  2023  2024  2025  2026  2027  2028  2029  2030  

Busine

ss  as  u

sual  

Avoide

d  GHG

 by  strategies  

Carbon  emissions  avoided  by  the  energy  efficiency  strategy  (building  codes  for  new  buildings  +  exis6ng  building  retrofits）  

Carbon  emissions  avoided  by  addi6onal  strategies  (renewable  energy  +  green  building）  

Projected  carbon  emissions  by  the  building  sector  resulted  from  the  two  strategies  

CO2  Emissions  by  China’s  Building  Sector（MtCO2）   1.  Building  Codes  

 2.  Exis6ng  

Building  Retrofits  

 3.  Green  

Buildings    4.  Renewable  

Energy  

5.  Appliance    

Incremental  Cost  of  GB  (RMB/square  meter)

Star  Level Surveyed  Cost Reported  Cost

Residen6al One  star 15.98 54.23

Two  star 35.18 60.85

Three  star 67.98 120.82

Commercial One  Star 28.82 64.9

Two  star 136.42 165.71

Three  star 163.23 159.97

•  500+  cer6fied  buildings  by  2012  •  Surveyed  50+  cer6fied  green  buildings  •  Used  a  consistent  cost  analysis  method  •  Verified  local  market  data    

Source:  Center  of  Science  and  Technology  of  Construc6on,  MoHURD.  Funded  by  EF

GB  Market  vs.  Local  Economic  Development  When  a  city’s  GDP  reaches  600  billion  RMB  (US$95  billion),  GB  is  likely  to  take  off.    (GDP  data:  2010.  GB  data:  2012)    

Source:  Center  of  Science  and  Technology  of  Construc6on,  MoHURD.  Funded  by  EF

Scale  Up  Green  Buildings

Voluntary  Local  Pilots

Voluntary  Na6onal  Policy

Mandatory  Local  Pilots Mandatory  Na6onal  Policy

2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 2010 2013 2014

Released  Na?onal  Voluntary  Standard

Launched  Na?onal  Voluntary    Program     �Local  pilots  on  voluntary   Pilot  area

Announced  a  plan  to  

mandate  GB   �

 Mandate  GB  for  

government  buildings  &  affordable  buildings  Local  pilots  on  mandatory  

Scale  up  voluntary   Implementa?on  on  

mandatory Na?onal  Green  Building  Ac?on  Plan  (Jan  1,  2013)  •  Mandate  GB  by  2014  (the  State  Council)

Roadmap  for  Scaling  up  RE  in  buildings

Solar  Hea6ng  (annual  growth  rate  17.25%)  Solar  PV  (annual  growth  rate  37.38%)  Geothermal  (annual  growth  rate  25.32%)    

Renewables  to  Replace  Fossil  Fuels  in  the  Building  Sector  (by  10,000  tce)  

Source:  Center  of  Science  and  Technology  of  Construc6on,  MoHURD.  Funded  by  EF  

Conclusion  

•  China’s  building  energy  use  will  keep  increasing  in  the  next  two  decades  

•  We  developed  strategies  to  cut  carbon  emissions  in  China’s  building  sector  – Green  buildings  and  renewable  energy  applica6on  in  buildings  are  two  of  the  five  strategies  

•  We  supported  policy  research  to  scale  up  green  buildings  and  renewable  energy  applica6on  in  buildings  

Thank  You!

Kevin  Mo,  Ph.D.  Director,  China  Buildings  Program  The  Energy  Founda6on    email:  kevinmo@efchina.org  phone:  +86  (10)  5821.7114

Credit:  The  Jiangbeizui  District  in  Chongqing  and  the  Chongqing  Grand  Theater.    (A  total  of  four  million  square  meters  of  building  space  is  condi6oned  by  renewable  energy  via  river-­‐source  heat  pump  technology)