Personal Hygiene

By :Dr. Yusda Kris Sari

W.

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What is it???

• Hygiene : Health

• Personal hygiene : the self care measures people use to maintain their health

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PURPOSE OF NURSE PROVIDED HYGIENE

• Remove microorganisms

• Do physical assessment

• Increase circulation– Distal to proximal– Return to heart

• Improve self image

• Provide comfort

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HYGIENE includes:• Care of the skin• Care of the feet

and nails• Oral hygiene• Hair care• Care of the eyes,

ears, and nose• Client’s room

environment

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1. Care of Skin

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SKIN• Regulates body temperature• First line of defense against

harm• Antibacterial and antifungal• Transmits sensations• Signs of problems

•Redness•Wet or damp•Not intact

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PATIENTS AT RISK FOR SKIN PROBLEMS

• Altered level of consciousness• Altered nutrition• Immobility• Dehydration• Altered sensation• Secretions on skin• Mechanical devices, restraints• Altered venous circulation

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2. PERINEAL CARE• Professionalism always• Female

– Always sterile to contaminated (urethra to rectum)

• Male– Assess for circumcision

• If not, cleanse under foreskin and replace

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3. Care of the feet and nails

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Common Foot & Nail Problems

Callus (kulit tebal)

Warts (kutil) Ingrown nails (tdk

tumbuh & nyeri) Ram’s horn nails

(tumbuh lambat, dasar kuku rusak)

Paronychia (radang jaringan)

Foot odors

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FOOT CARE• Soak feet as part of bath• Clean toes and toenails• Range of motion of legs• Feet of diabetic patients and

patients with vascular disease are inspected carefully; Never cut toenails of these patients

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NAIL CARE• Observe circulation; color,

capillary refill time• Observe color, sensation, and

movement (CSM)• Cut nails straight across and file

smooth; Do not go down into corners

• Assess for rings too tight or too loose

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4. Oral hygiene

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Oral Hygiene Common oral problems :

– Dental caries (radang gigi)– Periodontal diseases (gusi

berdarah atau bengkak)

Nursing Diagnosis : Altered oral mucous membrane

related to radiation of oral cavity

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MOUTH CARE• Examine with gloves and light,

especially smokers• Use only water soluble lubricants• Unconscious patient has no gag

reflex, position on side for care• Teach about brushing and

flossing

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5. Hair care

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Hair and Scalp Problems

• Dandruff• Pediculosis (Lice)

– Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice)– Pediculosis Corporis (Body Lice)– Pediculosis Pubis (Crab Lice)

• Hair Loss (Alopecia)

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Nursing Interventions

• Combing• Shampooing• Cutting• Shaving• Mustache and

beard care

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6. Care of the eyes, ears, and nose

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EYE CARE• Contact lenses usually removed• Stored in saline liquid; case labeled• Also label and safeguard glasses in drawer• Clean inner to outer canthus • Patient must be able to blink to protect

cornea• Never use cotton near eyes• Treat each eye separately• Eyes considered sterile

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EARS• Allow nothing sharp in ears• Hearing aids now miniscule in

size – don’t lose! Label case• Cerumen in ears may need

softening and removing• Speak directly to patient’s

face

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Continue…

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Any Questions ???