ISO TC184/SC4 contribution to

REACH and LCA

David LealCAESAR Systems Limited

david.leal@caesarsystems.co.uk

and the impact of the Semantic Web on the SC4 architecture

BSI AMT4, 2008-03-23

What are REACH and LCA

• REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of CHemicals)– you need to know exactly what is in you product, and the

parts of you product which you buy in

• LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) – you need to know the inputs and outputs to the

manufacturing, use and disposal activities for your product, and for the parts of the product which you buy in

• You need to access and validate data from the supply chain– The Semantic Web is ideal for this

Semantic Web technologies

• RDF (Resource Description Framework)– making statements on the Web– http://www.w3.org/RDF/

• N3 (Notation 3)– a simple way of writing down an RDF statement– http://www.w3.org/TeamSubmission/n3/

An opportunity to:

• record information more simply• enable others to use our concepts• use the concepts of others

Jane

believes

Getting started

Janet Johnloves

RDF diagram

N3

:Janet :loves :John .:Jane :believes { }

Getting started

people:Janet relationship:loves people:John .

@prefix people: <http://www.friends-are-us.com/registry/> .

@prefix relationships: <http://www.institute-of_relationships.org/vocabulary#> .

namespacesidentify the people

identify the human relationships

Navigating the supply chain

LCA catalogues (e.g. EU LCA InfoHub) linked to industrial catalogues

class A class B class C class D class D

product

supply 1

supply 2

supply x

supply y

supply z

subclass of

LCA data fromanalysis of supply

subclass of

subclass of

LCA data fromanalysis of supply

Dereferencing

<http://www.f.bloggs.co.uk/items/98-12345> a vocab:ElectricalEquipmentItem ; vocab:serialNumber "98-12345" ; vocab:manufacturer <http://www.f.bloggs.co.uk/> ; vocab:operatingVoltage [ vocab:volt 230 ] .

<http://www.f.bloggs.co.uk/> vocab:registeredName "Fred Bloggs and Company Limited" .

http://www.f.bloggs.co.uk/items/98-12345Dereference to get:

an RDF formula with URI http://www.f.bloggs.co.uk/items/98-12345/formula

RDF statements about an item

http://www.f.bloggs.co.uk/items/98-12345

vocab:ElectricalEquipmentItem

rdf:type

vocab:serialNumber98-12345

http://www.f.bloggs.co.uk/

vocab:manufacturer

vocab:registeredNameFred Bloggs and Company Limited

vocab:operatingVoltage

vocab:volt230

Access to formulasAn application can query using SPARQL.

A person can browse using Firefox + Tabulator:

What needs to happen

• Change to the business process– Assign URI to a product– Dereference to get a formula about a product– education, pilot projects, buy in from trade associations

and governments

• Standard vocabularies to use on the Web– existing standards need to work in a new environment– standards need to be simplified– W3C Product Modelling group– ISO TC184/SC4 needs to get its act together

No data model so far

equipmentitem

manufacturer

serial number

operating voltageelectrical

equipmentitem

person

organization

STRING

electricalpotential

voltREAL

family name

registered name

given name

STRING

STRING

STRING

Equivalent vocabulary:EquipmentItem a owl:Class .

:ElectricalEquipmentItem a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :EquipmentItem .

:Organization a owl:Class .

:ElectricalPotential a owl:Class .

:manufacturer a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :EquipmentItem ; rdfs:range :Person ; rdfs:range :Organization .

:serialNumber a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :EquipmentItem .

:operatingVoltage a owl:FunctionalProperty ; rdfs:domain :ElectricalEquipmentItem ; rdfs:range :ElectricalPotential .

:volt a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :ElectricalPotential .

ISO 10303 APs

• They are more than vocabularies– They validate the data for completeness and consistency

• They are linked to an activities– There are many activities, so there are many

APs/Conformance Classes

• The APs have things in common– So there is a complicated methodology for using parts of

data model

• But there is no vocabulary which can be used outside an AP

ISO 10303 APs

• Running an AP schema through an EXPRESS RDF/OWL translator does not solve this problem

• The APs have a complicated structure in order to impose constraints– We do not want to replicate the complexity when the

constraints are not wanted

ISO 15926-2 validates vocabularies

vocab:ElectricalEquipmentItem a iso15926-2:class_of_physical_object .

vocab:serialNumber a iso15926-2:class_of_class_of_identification .

vocab:operatingVoltage a iso15926-2:class_of_indirect_property .

vocab:volt a iso15926-2:scale .

• The average user does not need to know this, but:– it shows that the vocabulary is consistent;– it facilities transfer to and from a ISO 15926-2 data

warehouse

Where we could go next SC4

ISO 10303• many schemas with constraints for different activities• complicated methodology for sharing entities

ISO 15926-2• simple schema without constraints• with philosophy (and idiosyncratic?)• difficult to use for designs rather than individuals

ISO 13584• simple schema with constraints for one activity

core vocabularywithout constraints for use

on the Semantic Web

ISO 14048• definition of concepts but no schema

inputs

Where we could go next SC4

ISO 10303 transfer between Semantic Web and APs to validate the data published on the Web

ISO 15926-2 the core vocabulary is part of an RDF/OWL implementation of ISO 15926-2

ISO 13884 part of an RDF equivalent to OntoML?

core vocabularywithout constraints for use

on the Semantic Web

ISO 14048 transfer between the Semantic Web and the various XML formats – ELCD, EcoSPOLD

mapping

use

?

mapping

… and further in the future

ISO 10303++ a new version of STEP as RDF/OWL + constraints using SWRL

ISO 15926-2 the core vocabulary is part of an RDF/OWL implementation of ISO 15926-2

ISO 13884 part of an RDF equivalent to OntoML?

core vocabularywithout constraints for use

on the Semantic Web

ISO 14048 transfer between the Semantic Web and the various XML formats – ELCD, EcoSPOLD

?

mapping

use

use