ISO 8217:2010 Changes and Challenges

Adrian Daniels Technical Manager (Fuels) BP Marine

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The Legal and Compliance Part

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•

ISO 8217:2010 was published on the 15 June 2010

ISO 8217:2010

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ISO 8217:2010 Major Changes

•

Distillate fuel–

DMZ added –

gas oil with minimum viscosity of 3 cSt

at 40 C (Requested by engine builder due to potential fuel pump seizure problems when operating on distillate fuel)

–

DMA and DMB minimum viscosity of 2 cSt

at 40 C–

Additional tests:•

acid number, oxidation stability and lubricity•

hydrogen sulphide test method for distillate is not yet established and date for compliance is 1 July 2012

5Source: BP

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Catalyst Fines

•

ISO 8217 limit is controlled by Aluminium + Silicon at 60 ppm•

This can be represented by:-

•

After centrifuging onboard the vessel

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Catalyst Fines

•

To produce a low catalyst fine fuel (ie

Aluminium + Silicon < 40 ppm) a supplier may centrifuge the cutter stock oil

•

This can be represented by:-

•

After centrifuging onboard the vessel

Requesting a fuel with a very low Aluminium + Silicon content

may lead to an increase in Cat fines at the engine rail

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ISO 8217:2010 Major Changes

•

Residual Fuel–

RMG has been expanded to include 180, 500, 700 cSt

(380

cSt

remains)

–

RMK now includes 500 cSt–

RMF180 and RMH 380 and RMH 700 have been deleted–

Aluminium + Silicon has been reduced from 80 mg/kg to 60 mg/kg for RMG and RMK grades

–

CCAI has been added. Potential issue for RME180 and RMK 380 when CCAI may restrict the density. It’s also a restriction on high density, low viscosity fuels

–

Additional tests; •

Acid number and sodium•

Hydrogen sulphide test method not yet widely established and date for compliance is 1 July 2012

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ISO 8217:2010 Major Changes

•

Residual Fuel–

Ash –

reduced for all grades except RMK–

Sulphur Limits –

defined by Customer –

the purchaser shall define the maximum sulphur content in accordance with relevant statutory limitations

–

ULO limit modified. Contains ULO if •

Ca >30 and Zn > 15 or•

Ca >30 and P >15

•

General Requirements (Clause 5 of ISO8217)–

No bio derived material–

Fuels shall be free from any material that renders the fuel unacceptable for use in marine applications

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5 General requirements 5.1 The fuel shall conform to the characteristics and limits given in Table 1 or Table 2, as appropriate, when tested in accordance with the methods specified. 5.2 The fuel shall be a homogeneous blend of hydrocarbons derived from petroleum refining. Thisshall not preclude the incorporation of additives intended to improve some aspects of the fuel 's characteristics and performance. The fuel shall be free from inorganic acids and used lubricating oils. 5.3 Fuels shall be free from any material that renders the fuel unacceptable for use in marine applications. 5.4 The fuel shall be free from bio-derived materials other than 'de minimis' levels of FAME (FAME shall be in accordance with the requirements of EN 14214 or ASTM D6751). In the context of this International Standard, “de minimis” means an amount that does not render the fuel unacceptable for use in marine applications. The blending of FAME shall not be allowed. NOTE See Annex A. 5.5 The fuel shall not contain any additive at the concentration used in the fuel, or any added substance or chemical waste that a) jeopardizes the safety of the ship or adversely affects the performance of the machinery; or b) is harmful to personnel; or c) contributes overall to additional air pollution. NOTE See Annex B.

ISO 8217:2010 General Requirements

Source: ISO 8217

•

Clause 8 refers to ISO 4259

•

ISO 4259 describes how test data and precision data shall be used in disputes

–

for a product to be considered out of specification based on a single result (upper limit)

•

Test Result >Specification max + 0.59 *Reproducibility

•

examples based on a single result are:

–

density, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 991.0 kg/m3

only if measured value is greater than 991.9 kg/m3

–

viscosity, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 380 cSt

(at 50 °C) only if measured value is greater than 396.7 cSt

–

sulphur, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 1.00 % m/m only if the measured value is greater than 1.06% m/m

ISO 8217:2010 Clause 8 Precision and interpretation of test results

ISO 8217:2010 Clause 8 Precision and interpretation of test results

•

For multiple results

–

for a product to be considered out of specification based on multiple results in a single laboratory (upper limit)

•

>Specification max + 0.59 * R1

–

where

•

R1 =

•

= average of acceptable results

•

k = number of acceptable results

•

R = reproducibility of test method

•

r = repeatability of test method

krR1122

X

X

Source: Quality Control Against Specifications –

J F Church 150910

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For a single result

–

density, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 991.0 kg/m3

only if measured value is greater than 991.9 kg/m3

•

Examples based on multiple results in a single laboratory:

•

For 2 results

–

density, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 991.0 kg/m3

only if average of acceptable results is greater than 991.9 kg/m3

•

For 3 results

–

density, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 991.0 kg/m3

only if average of acceptable results is greater than 991.8 kg/m3

•

For 1,000,000 results

–

density, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 991.0 kg/m3

only if average of acceptable results is greater than 991.8 kg/m3

ISO 8217:2010 Clause 8 Precision and interpretation of test results

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Sulphur in accordance with ISO 8217

True Value =1.00% Sulphur

95%

1.00

Out of Specification in accordance with ISO 8217 (ISO 4259)

1.06

Sulphur Content %(m/m)

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Suppliers’ responsibility (MARPOL)

•

To provide–

A Bunker Delivery Note•

containing the Density and Sulphur content of the fuel supplied

–

A representative sample (MARPOL Sample)•

Effective from 1st

July 2010 -

2009 Guidelines for the Sampling of Fuel Oil for Determination of Compliance with the revised Marpol

Annex VI. Resolution MEPC.182 (59) Adopted on 17 July 2009

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Ship owners responsibility (MARPOL)

When the fuel is

usedWhen is the Law broken?

Which is why Port State control are taking little interest in the MARPOL sample provided by the supplier but are taking samples of oil as

close as possible to the point of use; at the vessel’s engine rail.

•

Marpol

Annex VI Regulation 14–

General Requirements–

1. The sulphur content of any fuel oil used on board ships shall

not exceed the following limits:-

………

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Fuel oil system

Source: MAN

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Onboard “contamination”

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Time

Sulp

hur C

onte

nt %

(m/m

)

• Vessel changing fuel from 2.70 %(m/m) Sulphur to 1.00%(m/m) Sulphur

Source: BP

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Onboard “contamination”

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Time

Sulp

hur C

onte

nt %

(m/m

)

1.001.051.101.151.201.251.301.351.401.451.50

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Time

Sulp

hur C

onte

nt %

(m/m

)

Source: BP

• Vessel changing fuel from 2.70 %(m/m) Sulphur to 1.00%(m/m) Sulphur

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Consequence

–

To ensure compliance you need to nominate fuel sulphur below the

specification limit

Onboard “contamination”

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The Marpol fuel verification procedure means:-

–

Sulphur becomes an ABSOLUTE limit–

To ensure compliance you need to nominate fuel sulphur below the

specification limit

Marpol fuel verification – Sulphur

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Sulphur

True Value =1.00% Sulphur

95%

1.061.00

99%

1.08

1.09

99.5%

Sulphur Content %(m/m)

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True Value =0.92 % Sulphur

Sulphur

True Value =0.94 % Sulphur

1.061.00

1.08

1.09

100%

IMORequirement

True Value =0.91 % Sulphur

95%99%

99.5%

Sulphur Content %(m/m)

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Nominating Sulphur with “confidence”

•

To nominate fuel with a sulphur content which complies with an “absolute”

limit of :-

Sulphur Level 4.50% 3.50% 1.50% 1.00% 0.50% 0.10%

Confidence level

95% 4.28% 3.32% 1.42% 0.94% 0.47% 0.09%

97.5% 4.23% 3.29% 1.41% 0.93% 0.46% 0.09%

99% 4.18% 3.25% 1.39% 0.92% 0.46% 0.08%

99.5% 4.15% 3.22% 1.38% 0.91% 0.45% 0.08%

•

To be 95% confident that the fuel will meet the Sulphur

Content of 1.00% m/m

“absolute”

limit, the fuel has to be requested with a max 0.94% m/m

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Conclusions

•

ISO 8217:2010 was published on the 15th

June 2010

•

Number of significant changes incorporated into the standard to reduce air pollution, improve safety and ensure the fuel is fit for the intended purpose

•

The ISO 8217:2010 standard defines the use of ISO 4259 for the precision and interpretation of test results

•

To comply with the sulphur legislation, end users need to consider carefully the sulphur content of the fuel they nominate taking into consideration:-

–

onboard “contamination”

–

the degree of “confidence”

they wish to adopt

•

The majority of fuel presently in the market conforms with the ISO 8217:2010 specification

Questions