IPS Rev 1.0

Ken LutzUniversity of California, Berkeley

lutz@eecs.berkeley.edu

Information Overlay to the Energy Grid

2

Conventional Electric Grid

GenerationTransmission

DistributionLoad

Intelligent Energy Network

Load IPS

Source IPS

energy subnet

Intelligent Power Switch

Conventional Internet

IPS 1.0 Here

3

Intelligent Power Switch

(IPS)

Energy Network

PowerComm Interface

EnergyStorage

PowerGeneration

Host Load

Intelligent Power Switch

(IPS)EnergyStorage

Intelligent Power Switch

(IPS)EnergyStorageEnergyStorage

Intelligent Power Switch

(IPS)EnergyStorage

Intelligent Power Switch

(IPS)EnergyStorageEnergyStorage

Intelligent Power Switch

(IPS)EnergyStorage

Intelligent Power Switch

(IPS)EnergyStorageEnergyStorage

Host LoadHost Load

energy flows

information flows

Intelligent Power Switch

• PowerComm Interface: Network + Power connector• Scale Down, Scale Out

4

Intelligent Power Switch

(IPS)

Data and Energy Network

PowerComm Interface

EnergyStorage

Host Load

Uni-directional energy flowinformation flows

Simplified IPS 1.0

• PowerComm Interface: Network + Power connector• Scale Down, Scale Out

Time seriesData Archive

sMAP Plotter

Energy Coupler

• Multi-port Universal Energy Coupler– Support for

Independent AC domains if desired

• Control of power flows in energy network

• Integration of distributed storage

5

Intelligent Power Switch

(IPS)

AC Clock 1

Data and Energy Network

PowerComm Interface

EnergyStorage

Host LoadAC Clock 2

Intelligent Power Switch

(IPS)

Data and Energy Network

PowerComm Interface

% Capacity

Host Load

sMAP Plotter

Time seriesData Archive

PowerComm Interface

• Network Based Control and Actuation

• Data Measurement for monitoring current state and archival

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Voltage, Current

Voltage, Current

IPS Prototype

Battery Charge Controller

12 V Lead-Acid Battery

15 VDC Converter

Load Controller

Inverter

AC OutAC In

ACMEACME

DC Output

LabJackVoltage, CurrentSwitch Actuation

DC Bus

Specifications

• 400 Watt Nominal• 50% Efficiency AC-AC

(low load)• 64% Efficiency AC-

DC• Hold up time 20 min

(discharge to 11.5V)• Recharge time 60 min

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Mode 1: Run From Grid

Battery Charge Controller

12 V Lead-Acid Battery

15 VDC Converter

Load Controller

Inverter

AC OutAC In

ACMEACME

DC Output

Run Only from Utility

IPS Voltage and Current

10

IPS Current

Mode 2: Run From Battery

Battery Charge Controller

12 V Lead-Acid Battery

15 VDC Converter

Load Controller

Inverter

AC OutAC In

ACMEACME

DC Output

Run from Battery

Utility OFF, Run From Battery

12

Mode 3: Run and Charge

12 V Lead-Acid Battery

15 VDC Converter

Load Controller

Inverter

AC OutAC In

ACMEACME

DC Output

Run And Charge from Utility

Battery Charge Controller

Line and Battery Operation

14

IPS Current

Run From Battery Then Run and Recharge

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Value 14:15:31 14:31:11 14:46:51 15:02:31 15:18:11 15:33:50 15:49:300

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0.5

Series1

IPS AC Input Power

Mode 4: Charge Only

12 V Lead-Acid Battery

15 VDC Converter

Load Controller

Inverter

AC OutAC In

ACMEACME

DC Output

Charge Only from Utility

Battery Charge Controller

IPS• 600W AC-15VDC

Converter• Solid State Switches• 40A Xantec Charge and

Load Controllers• Lead Acid Battery• Exeltech 600W inverter• Labjack for sense and

control• ACME AC power

measurement

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IPS and FitPC-2i cluster

18

Future Work

• Package IPS and Replicate to Form a Network

• Incorporate Local Intelligence and State to support plug and play?

• Scale Storage driven by load requirements• Bi-Directional Power Flow?

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