INTODUCTION TO HEALTH AND

ILLNESSDR. MAHESWARI JAIKUMAR.

maheswarijaikumar2103@gmail.com

DEFINITION• “The condition of being sound in body,

mind or spirit, especially freedom from physical disease or pain”. (WEBSTER)

• “Soundness of body or mind; that condition in which its functions are duly & efficiently discharged” (OXFORD ENGLISH DICTIONARY).

• “Health is a state of complete physical, mental,social and spiritual well – being & not merely an absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO)

HEALTH

PHYSICAL DIMENSION

MENTAL DIMENSION

SOCIAL DIMENSION

SPIRITUAL DIMENSION

EMOTIONAL DIMENSIONVOCATIONAL

DIMENSION

PHILOSOPHICL DIMENSION

CULTURAL DIMENSION

SOCIO ECONOMIC

ENVIRONMENTAL

NUTRITION

EDUCATIVE

CURATIVE

PREVENTIVE

DIMENSIONS OF HEALTH

PHYSICAL DIMENSION• It implies the notion of “ perfect

functioning” of the body.

• It conceptualizes health as a state in which every cell & every organ is functioning at optimum capacity & in perfect harmony with rest of the body.

SIGNS OF PHYSICAL HEALTH• 1. Good complexion.• 2. Clear skin.• 3. Bright eyes.• 4. Lustrous hair.• 5. Body well clothed.

• 6. Firm flesh.• 7. Not too fat.• 8. A sweet breath.• 9. A good appetite.• 10. Sound sleep.

• 11. Regular activity of bowels & bladder.

• 12.Smooth, easy, coordinated movement of the body.

• 13. All the organs of the body are of unexceptional size & function normally.

• 14. All the special senses are intact.

• 15. The resting pulse rate, blood pressure & exercise tolerance are all within the range of normality for individuals' age & sex.

• 16. In the young & growing individual there is a steady gain in weight

• This state of normality has fairly wide limits.

• These limits are set by observation of a large number of “normal” people, who are free from evident disease.

EVALUATION OF PHYSICAL HEALTH

• 1. Self assessment of overall health.

• 2. Inquiry into symptoms of ill health & risk factors.

• 3. Inquiry into medications.

• 4. Inquiry into levels of activity.

• 4. Inquiry into levels of activity.

• 5. Inquiry into use of medical services.

• 6. Standardized questionnaire for cardio vascular diseases.

• 7. Standardized questionnaire for respiratory diseases.

• 8. Clinical examination.

• 9. Nutrition & dietary assessment.

• 10. Bio chemical & laboratory investigations

MENTAL HEALTH• Good mental

health is the ability to respond to the many varied experiences of life with flexibility & a sense of purpose.

• Mental health has been defined as s state of balance between the individual & the surrounding world, a state of harmony between oneself & others, a co existence between the realities of the self & that of other people & that of the environment.

• Psychologist have mentioned the following characteristics as attributes of a mentally healthy person.

MENTALLY HEALTHY PERSON

• 1. A mentally healthy person is free from internal conflicts, he is not at war with himself.

• 2. He is well adjusted , i.e., He is able to get along well with others. He accepts criticism & is not easily upset.

• 3. He searches for identity.

• 4. He has a strong sense of self esteem.

• 5. He knows himself; his needs, problems & goals. (Self Actualization).

• 6. He has good self control balances rationally & emotionally.

• 7. He faces problems & tries to solve them intelligently, i.e., coping with stress & anxiety.

SOCIAL DIMENSION• Social well being

implies harmony & integration within the individual, between individuals & other members of society & between individuals & the world in which they live.

• It has been defined as the “ Quantity & Quality of an individual’s interpersonal ties & the extent of involvement with the community”.

• It is the ability of a person to see oneself as a part of a larger community.

• Social health is rooted in “Positive Human Environment”, which is concerned with the social network of the individual.

SPIRITUAL DIMENSION• Spirituality refers

to that part of the individual which reaches out & strives for meaning & purpose in life.

• It is the intangible “something” that transcends physiology & psychology.

• It includes integrity, principles & ethics, the purpose in life, commitment to some higher being & belief in concepts that are not subject to “state of the art” explanation.

VOCATIONAL DIMENSION

• Vocational dimension is a part of human existence.

• The importance of this dimension is exposed when individuals suddenly lose their jobs or faced with mandatory retirement.

• When work is fully adapted to human goals , capacities & limitations, work often plays a role in promoting both physical & mental health.

• Physical work often plays a role in promoting both physical & mental health.

• For many the vocational dimension may be merely a source of income.

• To others, this dimension represents the culmination of the efforts of other dimensions to produce success in life.

OTHER DIMENSIONS 1. Philosophical dimension. 2. Cultural dimension. 3. Socio economic dimension. 4. Environmental dimension.

5. Educational dimension.

6. Nutritional dimension.

7. Curative dimension. 8. Preventive

dimension.

THANK YOU