INTD 59 intro to kitchen and bath design

kitchen lighting

kitchen lighting—title 24

the Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings were established in 1978—response to a legislative mandate to reduce California's energy consumption

new standards were adopted by the Commission in 2005 and again in 2010

kitchen lighting—title 24

energy efficiency standards are important and necessary for California’s energy future:

•reduces energy costs•increases reliability and availability of electricity•improves building occupant comfort •reduces impacts to the environment

kitchen lighting—title 24

the Energy Commission adopted the 2008 Standards on April 23, 2008•approved for publication on Sept, 2008 •effective date for the 2008 Standards was changed from Aug. 1, 2009 to Jan. 1, 2010

if building permit submitted on or after January 1, 2010, the 2008 Standards must be met

new standards may be coming to us via updated CalGreen code July, 2013

kitchen lighting—title 24

changes in 2001 (following the electricity crisis) reduced electricity demand by about 150 megawatts (MW) each year

the 2005 standards were expected to reduce electric demand by another 180 MW each year—have saved more than $56 billion in electricity and natural gas costs since 1978

It is estimated the standards will save an additional $23 billion by 2013

kitchen lighting—title 24

changes to the standards occur periodically to account for improvements in:•conservation technologies•cost of fuels •energy-conserving strategies•improved capabilities in analyzing building energy performance

modifications are also made to further improve compliance and enforcement

kitchen lighting—title 24

mandatory measures require:

•minimum ceiling, wall, and raised floor insulation•minimum HVAC (heating, ventilating and air conditioning) and water heating equipment efficiencies•other requirements—lighting standards

kitchen lighting—title 24

documentation of the California Building Code is required to be submitted prior to issuing building permits

•new residential building•adding new conditioned floor area to an existing building

http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2008standards/

kitchen lighting—title 24

•originally first switch in the kitchen must be fluorescent•efficiency of at least 40 lumens per watt•50% wattage MUST be fluorescent

kitchen lighting—title 24

kitchen lighting—title 24

2008 residential lighting requirements divide the home into 3 distinct zones•ZONE 1—kitchen•ZONE 2—bathrooms, garages, laundry rooms and utility rooms•ZONE 3—hallways, dining rooms, family rooms, home office and bedrooms

each zone is treated distinctly different

kitchen lighting—title 24

retains 50% rule—50% total kitchen lighting watts must be high efficacy (compact fluorescent, LED, linear fluorescent)

NEW:up to 20 watts of low or high efficacy lighting per linear foot of illuminated cabinet (inside)

vs.

kitchen lighting

have become the new centers for entertaining—more casual way of entertaining

trend toward more open house plans—newly defined space is often called a “great room”

kitchen lighting

this impacts lighting design—kitchen should now be as inviting as the rest of the house

remember light layers!•under-cabinet lighting•general illumination•accent lighting

kitchen lighting

under-cabinet lighting

first step toward successful light layering—mounted below the wall cabinets

provides an even level of illumination along countertops—between your head and the work surface to cut down on shadows

under-cabinet lighting

come in a variety of styles and lamp sources

mounted toward the front of the cabinet, project a portion of the light toward backsplash

under-cabinet lighting

mounted at the back of the cabinet, light can hit people directly in the eye if they are sitting down

under-cabinet lighting

often faced with the challenge of highly reflective counter surfaces—black granite or glossy tile

choose a reflector that points light to backsplash

under-cabinet lighting

what if backsplash is shiny too?

talk to clients first—choose one matte finish

general illumination—pendants

general illumination—pendants

general illumination—linear

general illumination—cove lighting

general illumination—wall sconces

general illumination—skylights

•great source during the day•best are made of white opal acrylic or fitted with diffusing material•at night, light sources can be mounted within skylight to produce adequate light

accent lighting

ceiling height…natural light…work surfacesaffect the placement or amount of light used

many other facets affect it as well:

accent lighting

color—darker finished surfaces absorb more light

an all white kitchen requires dramatically less light (40-50%) than a kitchen with dark wood cabinets and walls

reflectance—highly polished countertop (or other surface) has a high degree of reflectance—acts as a mirror

accent lighting

texture—you may choose to show off textural quality of surfaces (brick or stucco)

direct light at an acute angle onto textured surface—light too far away will smooth out walls

accent lighting

accent lighting

mood—remember flow from kitchen to dining to living room—kitchen should be just as inviting as rest of house

ambient light softens shadows and creates a warm glow

tone—make a color temperature choice that works well with skin tones and room colors

accent lighting

accent lighting

code—title 24

today many decorative luminaires are made to take compact fluorescents that have dimming capabilities

windows—let in wonderful light during the day

become black holes at night unless consideration is given to exterior lighting

accent lighting

accent lighting

sloped ceilings—select special recessed luminaires that don’t cause glare

some are made especially for sloped ceilings while others have a 90-degree aiming capability

accent lighting

pot racks—extremely difficult to light a work surface through cookware

consider installing recessed adjustable luminaires to cross-illuminate the counter surface—increase amount of ambient light to diminish shadows

accent lighting

door swings—make sure light switches are on the unhinged side of a door

make sure you are informed of swing changes that occur during construction

kitchen lighting—title 24

participation activitytitle 24 fluorescent fixtures

…using the handout with suggested lighting companies, research companies that produce lighting fixtures in your preferred style that comply with Title 24… compile information sheets for each of your chosen pieces that includes image, finish, features, dimensions & the website address for future use