Post on 24-Oct-2014
VV College of Engineering Tisaiyanvilai, Tirunelveli District
HS2161 Technical English – II
Two Marks Questions and Answers
(Based on Anna University Syllabus)
A. Technical Vocabulary
1. nutrition - nourishment
2. holistic - seeing as a whole
3. indispensable - necessary
4. amalgamation - bringing together
5. stagnant - not moving
6. alternative - substitute
7. constructive - useful
8. glorify - praise
9. aggregate - intensity
10. assets - property
11. panorama - a view of landscape
12. inedible - unfit to eat
13.abnormality - required by written law
14. repercussion - a reciprocal action
15. breeder- producer
16. distress – suffering
17. extraction – taking out
18. collateral – property pledged by a borrower
19. plying – move between places
20. stringent – severe
21. stray – wandering
22. enforce – make sure something is followed
23. fatal – resulting in death
24. congestion – abnormal accumulation of people, traffic
25. pedestrian – a person who walks
26. violation – non- observance
27. Regulations – rules
28. complex – intricate
29. Device – instrument
30. diversion – turning aside
31. capacity – ability
32. erosion – wearing away
33. permeability – passing through
34. significantly – markedly
35. augmentation – increase
36. implement – tool
37. consumption – use
38. spell – a condition caused by magical power
9. nucleus – central part of the atom
40. uranium – metallic element
41. fission – division of the atom
42. disposal – getting rid of
43. core – the innermost part
44. coolant – cooling fluid
45. radiation – giving out rays
46. contamination – pollution
47 chip – device composed of silicon 48. fiction – not factual 49. fantasy – wild imagination 50. extraterrestrial – not belong to the earth 51. jeopardy – danger 52. innovations – introduction of new things or changes 53. indigenous – native 54. ballast – crushed gravel 55. conventional – traditional 56. sophistication – complexity 57. inadvertently – without paying attention
58. tranquil – calm, peaceful
59. spectacular – grand appearance
60. intact – whole , unaffected
61. exotic – strange , unusual, attractive
62. repository – a place where things are stored
63. lush – growing thickly
64. diversity – variety, having difference
65. exploitation – using,usually unfairly, for one's own benefit
66. coagulum – obtaining juices by crushing , boiling
67. husk – dry outer covering of grain
68. technology – scientific knowledge needed for industry
69. appropriate – suitable
70. indispensable – necessary
71. anticipate – consider beforehand
72. casually – unplanned, careless manner
73. feedback – response
74. instantly – immediately
75. informal – relaxed and friendly
76.Catchment – reservoir
77. repercussion – reciprocal action
78. submergence – being placed under water
79. conservation – preservation
80. afforestation – expansion of forests
B. WORD FORMATION
Noun Adjective Person concerned
1. Chemistry Chemical Chemist
2. Science Scientific Scientist
3. Education Educational Educationalist
4. Geology Geological Geologist
5. Astronomy Astronomical Astronomer
6. Nature Natural Naturalist
7. Botany Botanical Botanist
8. Biology Biological Biologist
9. Contribution Contributory Contributor
10. Projection Projective Projector
11. Organization Organizational Organizer
12. Ecology Ecological Ecologist
13. Technology Technological Technologist
14. Sociology Sociological Sociologist
15. Physiology Physiological Physiologist
16. Zoology Zoological Zoologist
17. Statistics Statistical Statistician
18. Drama Dramatic Dramatist
19. Action Acting Actor
20. Magic Magical Magician
21. Competition Competitive Competitor
22. Production Productive Producer
23. Photograph Photographic Photographer
24. Economics Economical Economist
25. Bakery Baked Baker
26. Office Official Officer
27. Optics Optical Optician
28. Industry Industrial Industrialist
29. Mathematics Mathematical Mathematician
30. Electricity Electrical Electrician
31. Mechanics Mechanical Mechanic
32. Environment Environmental Environmentalist
33. Tradition Traditional Traditionalist
34. Biography Biographical Biographer
35. Physics Physical Physicist
36. Building Building Builder
37. Entertainment Entertaining Entertainer
38. History Historical Historian
39. Politics Political Politician
40. Linguistics Linguistic Linguist
41. Semantics Semantic Semanticist
42. Psychology Psychological Psychologist
43. Diplomacy Diplomatic Diplomat
44. Genetics Genetic Geneticist
45. Cardiology Cardiologic Cardiologist
C. PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES
1. supersonic : having a speed greater than that of sound
2. ultraviolet :having wavelength beyond the violet end of the spectrum
3. substandard : not having the required or normal quality
4. hyper tension : Abnormal blood pressure
5. sub continent : Large mass of land, but smaller than a continent
6. Sub zero : Less than zero
7. super conductivity : Having zero resistance
8. Ultrasonic : having a pitch above the upper limit of human hearing
9. super heat : Heating above boiling point without causing vaporization
10. infra red : hose invisible rays below the red end of the spectrum
11. subsonic : below the level of audibility
12. international : Going beyond national limits
13. multiracial : a nation having many races of people
14. impractical : not practical
15. para staff : supporting staff
16. malfunction : not working properly
17. undervalue : value something below the level
18. belittle : make something unimportant
19. empower : give more power
20. sub sect : division within
21. unofficial : not official
22. supermarket : store where everything is available
23. abnormal : Below normal
24. immaterial : No reason accepted
25. hyper sensitive : Excessively sensitive
26. under estimate : Misjudge
27. asymmetry : Not equal
28. ambiguous : Two meaning/ not clear
29. circumnavigate : Go round the earth
30. dismiss : To send away
31. disparity : Difference of opinion:
32. anti pollution : Against pollution
33. multipurpose : Used for many purpose
34. multimillionaire : One who owns millions of money
35. multistoried : Having many floors
36. preheat : heat before hand
37. bilingual : speaking two languages
38. faultless : without fault
39. semiprecious : less valuable than a precious stone
40. subtropical : near but not in the tropics
41. ultramarine : brilliant deep blue
42. underdeveloped : a country which is not very highly developed
43. .underpaid : not earning enough
44. interstate : between states
45. megastar / superstar : very big star
46. mismatch : wrong match
47. disown : refuse to own
48. unbearable : that cannot be tolerated or endured
49. self governing : autonomous
50. ultravenous : in or into veins
D. EXTENDED DEFINITION
1. Cell phone: A Cell phone or a Cellular phone is a telephone that does not have any wires. It
works by radio. One can carry it anywhere and use it. It is otherwise called a mobile phone. It
helps in communication from one part of the world to another part of the world.
2. Calculator: A calculator is an electronic device used to perform arithmetic and logical
calculations. It works on solar energy. It is small and handy. It is portable. It is of different sizes
and shapes. There are two types of calculators’ scientific and ordinary calculator.
3. Solar cell: A solar cell is also called photovoltaic cell. It is a solid state electrical device that
converts the energy of sunlight directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect .The energy
generated from these solar modules, referred to as solar power, is an example of solar energy
4. Barometer: A barometer is a scientific instrument used in meteorology to measure atmospheric
pressure. It can measure the pressure exerted by the atmosphere by using water,air,or mercury.
Pressure tendency can forecast short term changes in the weather.
5. Seismograph: A seismograph is the device that scientists used to measure earthquakes. The
goal of a seismograph is to accurately record the motion of the ground during an earthquake. It
measures ground oscillations by recording the relative motion between a pendulum and the
ground.
6. Microprocessor: A microprocessor is a silicon chip which can do the same jobs as the parts
inside a computer. It is a programmable logic device that had computing and decision making
capability in the CPU. The first microprocessors emerged in the early 1970s and were used for
electronic calculations.
7. Lap-top: A lap top is a portable computer. Hence it is very convenient compared to the other
systems. And for this reason, a lap top is a store house of information as it serves as a ready
reckoner. There are varieties of lap tops available in the market. Some of them are very light
and small.
8. Blue tooth: Blue tooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short
distances from fixed and mobile devices, creating personal area networks with high levels of
security. It is a wireless communication with PC input and output devices.
9. An in-jet printer: An ink-jet printer is a device which cans printout information from a
computer by firing tiny jets of ink on paper. It is an output device that helps to take hard copies
of the typed matter or any visuals. The cost of ink-jet printer is cheaper compared to the laser
printer.
10. Solar water heater: Solar water heater is heated by the use of solar energy. The system may
use electricity for pumping the fluid, and have a reservoir or tank for heat storage and
subsequent use. The systems may be used to heat water for a wide variety of uses, including
home, business and industrial uses
11. Robot: A robot is a machine designed to execute one or more tasks repeatedly, with speed and
precision. It can be controlled by a human operator, sometimes from a great distance. But most
robots are controlled by computer.
12. i-pod: An i-Pod is a portable device for storing and playing audio files encoded by MP 3. The
larger i-Pod and the i-Pod Mini use an extremely small hard disk for storage. An i-pod is much
more than “just a little boombox”
13. Compressor : The compressor is the first component in the engine core. It is made up of fans
with many blades and it is attached to the shaft. The compressor squeezes the air and creates an
increase in the air pressure. The squashed air is forced into the combustion chamber.
14. Battery:The battery is a device that provides electric current by converting chemical energy
into electric energy. It is a collection of multiple electrochemical cells
15. Thermometer : A thermometer is a device that measures the temperature of things. The name
is made up of two smaller words: "Thermo" means heat and meter means to measure.
16. Flow Chart: A flow chart is a graphical or symbolic representation of a process. Each step in
the process is represented by a different symbol and contains a short description of the process
step. The flow chart symbols are linked together with arrows showing the process flow
direction.
17. Computer printer: Computer printer is a machine for printing text on paper . It is connected to
the computer. All required matter can be typed or drawn on the monitor and the same can be
taken as a print out using a computer printer.
18. Computer software : Computer software is a collection of computer programs and related data
that provide the instructions telling a computer what to do and how to do it. In other words
software is a set of programs, procedures, algorithms and its documentation.
19. Computer Key Board: A Computer keyboard is a data input device for computers. In
computing, a keyboard is a typewriter keyboard, which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys,
to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches.
20. Compact Disc: A compact disc (CD) is a small, portable, round medium made of molded
polymer for electronically recording, storing, and playing back audio, video, text, and other
information in digital form.
21. Computer virus : A computer virus is a small software program that spreads from one
computer to another computer. A computer virus may corrupt or delete data on a computer, use
an e-mail program to spread the virus to other computers, or even delete everything on the hard
disk.
22. High Technology: High Technology is the technology based on modern machines. It is a high
cost technology. Since it involves high cost machines maintenance becomes difficult. It
involves trained persons because it may cause some environmental damage.
23. Appropriate Technology - Appropriate technology is a low cost technology which uses local
resources available. It is eco friendly. Since it uses the local resources it is easy to use. Its
maintenance is also easy. It works on human power.
24. Laser Technology is the processing and welding of materials with laser radiation. Solid-state
and gas pulsed and continuous-wave lasers are used. Laser technology basically uses the
infrared lights produced from a laser to destroy some body or mass in relation to health care.
25. Traditional technology is the oldest technology which uses the men and material. It is the
oldest form of technology. It uses the local resources available. It is a rustic form of technology.
The sickle, plough etc are examples of traditional technology. Since it uses local resources it
doesn’t need any training. It doesn’t need high level maintenance. It is environmentally
harmless.
26. Antenna :An antenna (or aerial) is a transducer that transmits or receives electromagnetic
waves. In other words, antennas convert electromagnetic radiation into an electrical signal and
vice versa. Antennas are used in systems such as radio and television broadcasting, point-to-
point radio communication, wireless LAN, cell phones,radar,and spacecraft communication.
27. A transformer is a static device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another
through inductively coupled conductors—the transformer's coils. A varying current in the first
or primary winding creates a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core and thus a varying
magnetic field through the secondary winding. This is used to step up or step down the voltage.
28. Hardware: Hardware is a general term for the artifacts of a technology. It may also mean the
physical components of a computer system , in the form of computer hardware. Modern
hardware stores typically sell equipment such as keys, locks, hinges, latches, corners, handles,
wire, chains, plumbing supplies, tools, utensils, cutlery and machine parts, especially when they
are made of metal.
29. Microphone :The microphone works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It converts
sound waves into electrical signals. Microphones are used in many applications such as
telephones, tape recorders, hearing aids, radio and television broadcasting and in computers for
recording voice etc.
30. Electrical generator :Electric generator is a device that converts mechanical energy to
electrical energy. A generator forces electrons in the windings to flow through the external
electrical circuit.
31. Computer : A computer is an electronic machine that can store, organize and find information,
do calculations and control other machines. With the internet connection, computers help us to
have international network. It is a versatile machine.
32. Offset printing is also called offset lithography, is a method of mass-production printing in
which the images on metal plates are transferred (offset) to rubber blankets or rollers and then
to the print media. The main advantage of offset printing is its high and consistent image
quality.
33. Lithography is a method for printing using a stone or a metal plate with a completely smooth
surface and treated to retain ink while the non image areas are treated to repel ink .It can be
used to print text or artwork onto paper or other suitable material
34. Printer is a peripheral which produces a hard copy of documents stored in electronic form,
usually on physical print media such as paper. Many printers are primarily used as local
peripherals , and are attached by a printer cable or, in most newer printers, a USB cable to a
computer which serves as a document source.
E. Make the sentences express purpose using the hints given below :
1. Thermostat : maintain temperature at a constant level
Thermostat is used to maintain temperature at a constant level
2. Barometer: Measures atmospheric pressure
Barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure
3. An experiment : demonstrates a principle
An experiment is used to demonstrate a principle
4. A feasibility report: makes recommendations
The purpose of a feasibility report is to make recommendations
5. Litmus test: identifies acids and alkalies
Litmus test is used to identify acids and alkalies
6. Constructing a bypass road: reduces traffic congestion
Constructing a bypass road is to reduce traffic congestion
7. Sending telegrams: ensure message reaches quickly
Sending telegrams are used to ensure message reaches quickly
8. A flow chart : represents a process as a series of steps
A flow chart is used to represent a process as a series of steps
9. Safety valve : release excess pressure
The purpose of a safety valve is to release excess pressure.
10. Tempering steel : make it harder and less brittle.
The purpose of tempering steel is to make it harder and less brittle
11. Catalyst: speed up chemical reaction
Catalyst is used to speed up chemical reaction
12. Camera : take photographs
Camera is used to take photographs
F. Give the numerical expressions for the following :
1. a motor bike weighing 150 kilograms – a 150 kilogram motor bike.
2. a tank with a capacity of 250 liters – a 250 liter tank
3. a D.C. supply of 240 volts – a 240 volt D.C
4. a lamp of a power of 60 watts – a 60 watt lamp
5. a cricket match lasting three days – a three day cricket match
6. a ten feet wide road – a ten foot road
7. a room with a capacity of forty members – a 40 member capacity room
8. at interval of ten minutes – a ten minute interval
9. a spectrum of 7 colours – a seven colour spectrum
10. a lecture for 3 hours – a three hour lecture
11. a pipe with a length of 10 metres – a ten meter pipe
12. a walk of five kilometers – a five kilometer walk
G. Make sentences using the following words as nouns and as verbs 1. object
Place the object in front of the light (N)
He objects my decision (V)
2. convict
He is a convict (N)
He was convicted on a crime (V)
3. conduct
His conduct is good(N)
He conducts the programme (V)
4. last
He was the last to leave. (N)
The bad weather lasted for three days.(V)
5. Export
The export of the country had decreased (N)
We export petrol. (V)
6. contrast
Increase the contrast of the picture (N)
His brother contrast him (V)
7. produce
The produce was distributed. (N)
They produced good result.(V)
8. record
He has finished writing the record (N)
She recorded the voice (V)
9. perfect
He is perfect in his activities (N)
He perfected the matter (V)
10. project
The project was successful (N)
He projects the images on the wall (V)
11. purchase
He went to purchase a car (N)
He purchases car every year (V)
12. trap
The trap was well laid (N)
He trapped the deer (V)
13. rebel
Rebels are sent to jail (N)
He rebels on hearing the rules (V)
14. answer
I know the answer (N)
I answered the question (V)
15. demand
There is a demand for jobs (N)
I demand an explanation. (V)
16. progress
There is no progress in the work (N)
He wants to progress in his life (V)
17. contact
He keeps in contact regularly (N)
I contact my friend over phone (V)
18. subject
English is a subject (N) He subjected me to severs threat (V)
19. defeat
He cannot accept defeat (N)
I defeat him always (V)
20. book
This is an interesting book (N) He booked the ticket (V)
H. Change the following sentences into reported speech
1. The announcer said, “ The Cheran Express is late by two hours”
The announcer said that the Cheran Express was late by two hours
2. The director said, “ The company has not been able to achieve its production target this year”
The director said that the company had not been able to achieve its production target that year
3. Veena said to Meena, “ I have bought a dictionary”
Veena said to Meena that she had bought a dictionary
4. Ram said to Sam, “ Don't play football in the garden”
Ram ordered Sam not to play football in the garden
5. Josh said Peter, “ Give me a cup of orange juice”
Josh asked Peter to give him a cup of orange juice
6. David said to John, “ Don't waste my time”
David advised John not to waste his time
7. Sita said to Veni, “ Please lend your book”
Sita requested Veni to lend her book
8. Sam says, “ I am listening to western music”
Sam says that he is listening to western music
9. Raj said to Jeya, “ When did you attend the meeting ?”
Raj asked Jeya when she had attended the meeting
10. The shop keeper said to the customer, “ When will you pay the bill ?”
The shop keeper asked the customer when he would pay the bill
11. She said to Kiruba, “ Are you going to buy a new car ?”
She asked Kiruba if she was going to buy a new car
12. Ram said to his father, “ Can you switch off the T.V after an hour ?”
Ram asked father if he could switch off the T.V after an hour
I. A. Make cause and effect expressions with the following
1. IT industries provide employment. Thousands of students join in IT courses
As IT industries provide employment, thousands of students join in IT courses
2. The traffic increased many fold. Over bridge is constructed to reduce traffic
As the traffic increased many fold, over bridge is constructed to reduce traffic
3. The stream from the boiler is wet. It has to be passed through a super-heater
As the stream from the boiler is wet, it has to be passed through a super-heater
4. The air filter gets clogged with dirt. It must be cleaned regularly.
As the air filter gets clogged with dirt, it must be cleaned regularly.
5. Wind mills are installed in large numbers. Adequate power is produced
As wind mills are installed in large numbers, adequate power is produced
Wind mills are installed in large number as a result adequate power is produced
6. E-ticketing is introduced by the railways. The people get reservations easily.
As E-ticketing is introduced by the railways the people get reservations easily
7. Heavy rain, holiday declared for schools and colleges
Due to heavy rain, holiday declared for schools and colleges
Holiday declared for schools and colleges because of the heavy rain.
8. The oil tanker spilled large quantity of oil. Many sea birds died
As the oil tanker spilled large quantity of oil, many sea birds died
9. The machine was not maintained properly. The accident occurred
As the machine was not maintained properly the accident occurred
The accident occurred as a result the machine was not maintained properly.
10. The water from the rivers overflowed. Many villages were inundated
As the water from the rivers overflowed, many villages were inundated
Many villages were inundated due to the water from the rivers overflowed
B. Write sentences using (a) consequently (b) because (c) due to (d )since to express causal
relations
Ans (a) Glass is fragile consequently / therefore / as a result / hence we should handle it carefull
(b) He is successful in business because of / as a result of / on account of / owing to / his
intelligence
J. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions
1. The story of the English language is typically one of the massive stealing from other languages.
That is why English today has an estimated vocabulary of over one million words.
2. Appropriate technology is a technology that is developed to cater to the basic needs of
economically poor people. Also, it is not concerned to only the small scale technology. Appropriate
technology lies somewhere from traditional and modern technology. It is particularly easy to
operate and can be maintained by less skilled persons. A special feature of this technology is that it
can be applied to a variety of rural needs.
3. a). The fire bells sounded, workers immediately switched off their machines and moved to safer
places
b) The skilled worker carried out many operations on a lathe with his supervisor
4. Artificial intelligence is the science of developing computers that can learn and follow instructions
with great accuracy and speed. An example of AI is the use of Expert system.
5. a) The ore is then transported to mills
b) The machine is very heavy in spite of its small size
c) One of the India's priorities is growing more food
d) Gold is rare metal with a beautiful yellow colour
6. The latest inventions in communications promote internationalism and facilities the unity of
mankind, and hence the promotion of internationalism, and by closer contacts, virtually eliminate
physical distances.
7. One of the important benefits of machine civilization is that our standard of life is improved. There
is much more variety of our lives. We have a wide choice of everything in wrist watches to flash
lights. Food from any part of the world can be obtained from any season of the year
8. The thorium reserves can be used in fast breeder reactors. A very small quantity of nuclear fuel
produces energy that can otherwise be produced by vast quantities of conventional fuels like coal
9. A National conference on “The Use of English in Colleges” was organized by V V College of
Engineering, Tisaiyanvilai at the auspices of The British Council. About 200 students from
different colleges attended the conference
10. Indian newspapers have undesirably a vital role to play and an important duty to perform , both as
voice of the people and a builder of public opinion
K. Fill in the blanks with suitable articles
1. Forests also play a vital role in regulating the flow of water through the ecosystem, which in
turn helps determine the local and regional climate
2. Liquid samples assume the shape of its container. The kinetic theory explains this property by
saying that there are no fixed positions for the molecules.
3. The energy given out by the sun is created by the process known as nuclear fusion
4. Learning is a process that every single human being undergoes. It is not just a yearly or even
monthly process, but a day-today one as well.
5. Technology is also a twin-edged sword. So everybody should take the development in the right
perspective.
6. High Technology is the technology based on modern machines. It is a high cost technology.
7. A printer is an output device attached to a computer. It helps to take hard copies of the typed
matter or any visuals available in the processor of the computer
8. a) He wears a uniform on Monday
b) Asha is the best student in the class
9. a) She is not an honourable woman
b) Please give me a sugar
10. We went to the temple and saw an elephant eating bananas