Hepatobiliary systemstructure

Hepatobiliary Systemcomponents:

• Liver• Gallbladder• Bile ducts• Pancreas

Liver• Four lobes anatomically 1) right (right lobe is the largest lobe-accounting

for approximately 3/5 th-2/3rd of the liver size) 2) left 3) caudate 4) quadrate

– surgeons tend to separate the lobes into 8 segments by vascularity

– receives blood from an artery (hepatic artery) and also a vein (portal vein)

• located in the upper right abdomen • largest of the visceral (internal) organs (weighs

approximately 3 lbs.) • unoxygenated blood enters the liver from the

portal vein and oxygenated feeds the liver through the hepatic artery

• network of tubes called the biliary tree carry bile from the liver

• small ducts connect to larger ducts then to a hepatic duct from the right and left lobes which unite to form the common bile duct

•   connected by ligaments to the diaphragm on its upper section, and on the left, to the stomach

Gall bladder• pear-shaped sac, which stores the bile produced

by the liver• Thin walled green muscular sac • 10 cm long • tucked into the ventral fossa of the liver • stores and concentrates bile • expels bile into the cystic duct • sphincter of oddi – regulates the flow of bile back

the liver • cholecystectomy – gallbladder removal (doesn’t

really effect the patient to have the gall bladder removed)

Gallstones

Pancreas

• Three parts head, body and tail.• small organ located behind the

stomach. .The bile duct travels through the pancreas immediately before it enters the small intestine. Thus any problem in the pancreas (such as cancer, pancreatitis and cysts) that is adjacent to the bile duct often causes blockage of the bile duct and jaundice.