Post on 02-Jun-2018
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VRF (variable refrigerant flow ) system s are norm ally pow ered by electric
driven com pressors w ith an IN VERTER for variable speed control.
The G H P is a VRF system , w hich has the com pressor pow ered by
an engine using natural gas as the input fuel.
This m eans that large cooling / heating system s can be installed in
buildings w hich have a lim ited electricity supply. The G H P requires
som e electrical pow er for the fans and controls, but this is m inim al
com pared to the pow er requirem ents of a conventional VRF, C hiller,
or other type of system .
In w inter, the heating perform ance is m aintained in very cold am bient
conditions, because the w aste heat from the engine is utilised as
a secondary heat source to enhance the output of the heat pum p.
3D AIR SALES Ltd - Distributors of MITSUBISHI Split Systems,
VRF Systems, and GHP in the UK and Republic of Ireland.
www.3dair .co.uk
Variable C apacity Cooling / Heat Pum p System s
Gas Engine PoweredVRF Systems
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The application of air conditioning system s pow ered by internal com bustion engines
has been in existence for over tw enty years in the U K. A ll of these applications
have been m ainly experim ental, and are bespoke designs. This has resulted in high
equipm ent costs, w hich have prohibited future com m ercial viability.
The very attractive concept developed by M itsubishi provides m any benefits for
the designer, the installer, and reduces running costs for the client. VRF system s
are extensively applied to com m ercial buildings - approxim ately 7800 system s
per year are installed in the U K. The technology is w ell know n, and specialist
installers are fam iliar w ith the installation requirem ents and the procedures for
com m issioning. A ll of these V RF system s are pow ered by electricity, usually a 3-
phase pow er supply. The com pressor norm ally w ould use 96% of the electrical
pow er of the outdoor unit, the rem aining 4% being for the fans and control system .
The G H P is a VRF - Variable Refrigerant Flow - system , w hich behaves in a sim ilar
operational m ode to conventional electric pow ered VRF system s. Instead of using
electrical pow er for the com pressor, the G H P com pressor is driven by an engine,
very sim ilar to a car engine, having four cylinders, spark plugs, etc, and capable
of being controlled at varying speeds, i.e. sim ilar to the IN VERTER on an electric
system . The engine is directly coupled to a M itsubishi com pressor.
Technical Features & Benefits of GHP
Low carbon em issions
Factory com m issioned outdoor unit
Indoor units and control system s
identical to conventional M itsubishi
VRF system s
Connection of up to 20 indoor units
Pipew ork identical to V RF system s
BEM S com patible: Trend, Satchw ell...
Performance - Cooling & Heating
High efficiency cooling, up to 56KW
Fast w arm up, and enhanced*
perform ance heating, up to 67K W
C ontinuous perform ance - Defrost
cycle is elim inated
Heating perform ance is m aintained
in am bient tem perature to -15C
*The heat pum p perform ance is enhanced b yutilising the w aste heat from the engine. Theengine coolant is circulated through a heatexchanger to transfer w aste heat energy intothe refrigerant, thus increasing the C oefficientof Perform ance of the heat pum p operation.Becau se there is a constant source of heat
energy from the engine, the norm al de-frostfunction of conventional system s is elim inated,so there is no shut-dow n period for defrosting.This also reduces w arm up tim e from a cold start.
The G H P operates in the sam e w ay as a VRF 2-pipe System , i.e. all on cooling, or all on heating.
G H P
EH P
G H P
EH P
GHP - Dow ntime due to def rostperiods eliminated
VRF C ooling / H eat Pu
GHP - fa ster w a rm up time tha nElectric Heat Pumps
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16,000 Mitsubishi GHP Systems Installed in Japan
M itsubishi H eavy Industries has had m any years of experience in m anufacturing
G H P system s for the Japanese m arket, w here electricity costs are high, and there
are severe restrictions at peak load periods in February (heating season), and
July (cooling season).
G HP system s are installed m ainly in com m ercial buildings, and it is quite com m on
to see m ultiple installations in office buildings and large retail stores.
M itsubishi has now developed the M k4 G H P w hich is C E m arked, and has the
service interval extended to 8,000 hours of operation. That equates to 2-years
based on 60 hours per w eek.
The construction of the G H P consists of large heat exchangers and fans in the top
section, w ith a sealed engine/com pressor housing below . This housing has acoustic
insulation to m inim ise noise break out.
The engine is a conventional four stroke internal com bustion engine, very sim ilar
to a car engine. It has an autom atic throttling device w hich provides speed
control, dependent on the com bined dem and of the connected indoor units.
The m icrocom puter controlled system behaves sim ilarly to an IN VERTER system
on electric VRF units.
The air intake for the engine is at the top of the unit, and passes dow nw ard
through the centre of the unit to the engine air filter and inlet m anifold. The
exhaust gases are discharged upw ards, and out of the top of the G H P. A sm all
drain outlet is required for the condensate form ing in the exhaust. The drain w ater
is passed though a scrubberbefore exiting the unit.
A large reservoir of oil is included to allow for prolonged operation w ithout
topping up.
The fuzzy-logiccontrol w hich com bines all the data from the indoor units and
outdoor unit constantly m onitors the perform ance of the engine and the refrigeration
system , in order to m axim ise perform ance, efficiency and internal com fort levels.
The outdoor unit has a 7-segm ent 6-digit display for ease of com ponent and
system m onitoring, and for fault diagnosis. A com prehensive explanation of the
operational and control features can be dow nloaded from the 3D w ebsite.
m p System s
-20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 C
The pow erful heating out put of GHP is mainta inedat 100% even at ambient tempera tures of -15C.Electric Heat pumps (VRF) heating is reduced at lowambient temperat ures.
1.0
G H P
EH P
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Electrical Requirem ents
Because the com pressor is pow ered by the engine, the G HP uses less than 1KW of
electricity to pow er the fans and control equipm ent. The pow er supply is 3-ph + N.
Application- Pow er supplies to com m ercial buildings are very often inadequate.
Electrically pow ered system s, e.g. VRF, chillers, etc require a substantial pow er supply,
w hich is not available in, or near, the building. The cost of installing new pow er
supplies can vary from 1,000 to 100,000.
G H P uses approxim ately 10% of the pow er of a conventional electric VRF system .
W here the supply in a building is lim ited, the available pow er can be m ade available
for the building user, for lighting, lifts, IT, and office equipm ent.
Part L Building Regulations -The application of G H P to new or refurbished
buildings can provide som e m argin in the selection of cooling/heating equipm ent
w ithin the param eters of Part L. In particular, the G HP carbon em issions for heating
operation, are 30% less than the em issions of a C ondensing Boiler.
GHP - Large Volumes in Japan- There
is a very high peak dem and on the pow er
supply grid in Japan in February (heating
season) and in July (cooling season). G HP
helps to reduce the dem and on the grid
by utilising gas as the prim ary energy
source. G HP system s are used extensively
for com m ercial buildings in Japan,
office buildings,
retail stores,
car show room s,
schools and universities,
hospitals
sports centres
UK - First Installation- The very first
installation of G HP in the U K is for a client
w ith a large com puter room w hich is being
expanded. The existing air conditioning
plant is being rem oved, as the pow er is
required for the new IT suite. The com plete
IT area is being cooled by G HP, providing
56KW of cooling, and using only 0.9KW
of electrical pow er.
Design & Installation- The design of
the layout of indoor units, internalrefrigerant piping, branch joints, etc, is
alm ost identical to a conventional VRF
2-pipe system . It is im portant that pipe
sizes are correct, and that height and
length lim itations are not exceeded.
M axim um piping length from outdoor unit to the furthest indoor unit 100m
M axim um piping length from outdoor unit to first branch joint 70m
M ax height difference (outdoor unit above) 50mM ax height difference (outdoor unit below ) 40m
D ifference in height betw een indoor units on sam e system 15m
Over 40,000 GHP systems were installed in 2002
For assistance w ith design and selection of equipm ent contact the 3D Sales O ffice.
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Factory Tested & Commissioned-
Each G H P outdoor unit is fully tested
and com m issioned at the Nagoya factory
in Japan.
This m eans the installers responsibilities
are sim plified, requiring only to locate
the unit and m ake the necessary
connections:
N atural gas supply
Electrical M ains Pow er 3ph + N
2-w ire low voltage control cable
to indoor units Refrigerant pipes - 2 pipes
It is essential the refrigerant piping is
installed by a com petent and trained
engineer possessing a C ertificate for
Refrigerant Safe H andling. Stringent
precautions m ust be taken to prevent the
ingress of m oisture and contam inants.
N itrogen purge m ust be used for all
brazed pipe joints to elim inate the
form ation of oxides on the internal
surfaces.
The gas supply m ust be installed by a
C O RG I/A C S registered installer.
GHP Outdoor Unit Location -The G H P is norm ally installed in an open
environm ent. It is essential that there is no im pedance to the m ovem ent of air
circulating through the fans/heat exchangers, or to the intake and exhaust. The
G H P can be installed in a perim eter enclosure, but adequate air m ovem ent m ust
be provided. The G H P is fully w eatherproof. Recom m ended space for service
access and air m ovem ent is show n in the above diagram .
Full details of installation requirem ents can be found on the 3D w ebsite -
w w w .3dair.co.uk, or in the M itsubishi Engineering M anual G H P 2002.
3D Applications and Design - Technical Support - The control w iring and
m ethod of addressing the indoor units is straightforw ard, but needs to be properly
planned at the design stage. The 2-w ire com m unications connection is connected
to the A B term inals of all the indoor units on each G H P system , and then to the
outdoor unit. This m ethod of control w iring m inim ises costs, and provides the
user w ith a very sophisticated m icrocom puter control schem e.
3D has a team of experienced applications and support engineers w ho can assist
w ith the design and selection of equipm ent , and advise on refrigeration pipe
connections , control schem es and control w iring. For specific projects w e can
produce schem atic diagram s of unit locations, routing of sizing of refrigerant
pipew ork, address num bering, etc.
BMS and PC Based Control Schemes- 3D can provide a stand alone PC W indow s
C entralised Control, w hich can be upgraded to allow the building user to m onitor
the entire system , and to bill the occupants for the usage.
The 3D G atew ay and Interface connections can enable full BM S m onitoring and
control. It is com patible w ith all the m ajor BM S System providers:
TREN D SATCH W ELL
HO NEYW ELL STA EFA
ANDOVER JO HN SO N
CYLO N SIEM ENS
EC H ELO N BACNET
M O D BU S
600 or more
1000 or more
1000
o r m o r e
50
or more
350
or more
50
or more
50
o r m o r e
50
or more
350
or more
50
o r m o r e
2000 or more
600 o r more
50 o r more
1000 o r more
350
o r mo r e
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Carbon Emissions- The table (right)
com pares the carbon em ission s of
G H P 560 w ith a C ondensing Boiler
(80% efficiency) and a conventional
VRF outdoor unit (electric pow ered).
The C arbon Intensity is the am ount of
C arbon em itted per KW hour of useful
heating or cooling output.
The G H P com parisons on heating are
rated at ISO standard conditions, and at
low er am bient conditions, w hich illustrate
the advantages of recovering the w aste
heat from the engine coolant system .
Running Costs- com parisons are based
on the cost per KW h of cooling and
heating output.
The electricity and gas tariffs are statedbelow , an d are representative of
com m ercial supply contracts. V RF
(Electric pow ered system s) are based
on C O P of 2.9 (rated at 7C am bient)
and EER of 2.7. The C O P/EER at low er
am bient conditions are typical of VRF,
and are adjusted to take account of the
reduced perform ance at low er am bient
conditions and the reduction of useful
heat output due to defrost periods. The
pow er consum ption figures are based
on heating perform ance of 67.0K W ,
cooling 53.0KW . The calculations do
not take into account the indoor units.
Gas commercial tariff = 1.55pence
per KWh (incl 0.15p CCL),
Electricity commercial tariff = 5.40
pence/KWh (incl. 0.43p CCL).
The exam ple is based on the G H P560
rated at 67.0K W heating , 56 .0KW
cooling.
Technical Specification
GHP Specification
Model Ref: GHCP450HMTE4 GHCP560HMTE4
Cooling Perform ance KW 45.0 56.0Heating Perform ance KW 53.0 67.0Dim ensions H x W x D m m 2135 x 1750 x 950 2135 x 1750 x 950W eight Net Kg 910 920
Pow er Supply 415V 3 ph 50HZ 415V 3 ph 50H ZRunning current Cooling A 2.6 2.6
Heating A 1.9 1.9
Pow er consum ption Cooling KW 1.62 1.62Heating KW 1.18 1.18
Start current A 19 19
G as Fuel Natural gas
G as Fuel consum ption Cooling KW 44.3 54.6Heating KW 41.5 51.9
Engine type 4 cylinder, 4 cycle, w ater cooled, O HVEngine size cc 2237Engine speed range rpm 890 to 2375Engine starter AC/DC variable type DC stator
Refrigerant pipe connections o.d. 5/8" flare 3/4" flareo.d. 1 3/8" brazed 1 1/2" brazed
Refrigerant R407C Kg 17.5 18.0G as m ains supply connection m m 25 25Drain for exhaust condensate m m Flexible hose o.d. 18.2 i.d. 12.2
Com pressor - open type CR5445HVR CR5453HVRCom pression volum e cc 454 528
Condenser Fans Propellor fan x 2Fan m otor type 3-phase inductance m otor 6-poleFan m otor pow er KW 0.25 x 2 0.45 x 2
Connectable indoor units 1 to 20Connectable capacity 22.5KW to 58.5KW 28.0KW to 72.8KW
Ambient 35C 7C 0C -7C -15C
Cooling VRF Electric EER 0.043Pow er Input KW 20.38Cost p/KW h O utput 2.00
G HP G as Fuel Input KW 0.053Electricity Input KWCost p/KW h O utput 1.67
Heating VRF Electric CO P 2.90 2.22 2.28 1.91Pow er Input KW 23.10 30.12 29.33 35.06Cost p/KW h O utput 1.86 2.43 2.36 2.83
G HP G as Fuel Input KW 51.9 51.9 52.9 55.9Electricity Input KW 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18Cost p/KW h O utput 1.30 1.30 1.32 1.32
Heating - Condensing Boiler Cost p/KW h 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.9480% efficiency
Running Costs(Cost: pence/KW h of cooling and heating output)
Carbon Emissions
Carbon Intensity KgC/KWh Ambient Temp 35C 7C 0C -7C -15C
Cooling O peration VRF Electric pow ered 0.043G HP 0.053
Heating O peration VRF Electric pow ered 0.042 0.051 0.049 0.059G HP 0.043 0.043 0.044 0.046
Condensing Boiler 80% efficiency 0.066 0.066 0.066 0.066
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Indoor U nits
FDT 4-W ay Cassette 2.8KW to 16.0KW
Integral Condensate Lift Pum p
FDTQ CassetteSingle Discharge 2.2KW to 4.0KW
Integral Condensate Lift Pum p
FDQM Com pact Ducted 2.2KW to 4.0KW
Integral Condensate Lift Pum p
FDTS CassetteSingle Discharge 4.5KW to 8.0KW
Integral Condensate Lift Pum p
FDUM D ucted H orizonta 4.5KW to 16.0KW
Integral Condensate Lift Pum p
FDR Ducted Cassette 4.5KW to 16.0KW
Integral Condensate Lift Pum p
FDK W all M ounted 2.2KW to 8.0KWO ptional Condensate Lift Pum p
FDFL Floor M ounted 2.8KW to 8.0KW
FDFU Concealed Floor Unit 2.8KW to 8.0KW
FDE Ceiling M ounted 3.6KW to 16KW
FDTW 2-W ay Cassette 2.8KW to 16K W
Integral Condensate Lift Pum p
The internal units used on G H P system s are identical to those used on K X/KXR
VRF system s. The control language is the sam e, and all rem ote/centralized controls
are also the sam e.
A total of 20 indoor units can be connected to each G H P, and can be controlled
individually, in heating or cooling m ode, dependent on the m ode operation of
the G H P system , i.e. it is not possible to have som e units on cooling w hile others
are on heating. The internal units are connected by tw o refrigerant pipes w ith
branch pipe kits or headers branching from the m ain 2-pipe circuit.
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M itsubishi Heavy Industries is at the forefront of G HP developm ent and engineering
design, having a history in refrigeration and air conditioning dating back to 1920,
as w ell as extensive involvem ent w ith the autom otive industry and other associated
technologies. O ver 16,000 G H P system s have been m anufactured by M itsubishi,
m ost of w hich are installed in com m ercial buildings in Japan.
3D AIR SA LES Ltd distributes M ITSU BISH I air conditioning and heat pum p system s
in the U K and Ireland, and can offer assistance w ith the design and application
of G HP and other air conditioning products m anufactured in Japan by M ITSU BISH I
H EAV Y IN D U STRIES.
Technica l informa tion on a ll Mitsubishi Heavy Ind ustries a ir cond itioning
products can be fo und on the 3D w ebsite a t :w w w .3dair.co.uk
The information provided in this brochure is for guidance only. It does not form any part of acontract. The manufacturer reserves the right to change specification without notice.
3D Air Sales LtdSales & M arket ing850 Brig ht on Roa d, Purley,Surrey CR8 2BH
Tel: 020 8668 1112Fa x: 020 8668 1113Ema il: sa les@3da ir.co.uk
3D Air Sales LtdSales & A ccoun ts Adm inistrat ion ,Spar e Part s Sales, Wareh ou se,Techni cal Troub leshoo tin g, WarrantyAng lia Ho use, Priors Wa y, Cog g esha ll,Essex CO6 1TL
Tel: 01376 565 505Fax: 01376 565 525
3D Air Sales Ltd ScotlandMcGregor House,South Bank BusinessPa rk, Kirkint illoch, Gla sgo w G66 1XF
Tel: 0141 777 5007Fa x: 0141 777 5009Email: scotland@3dair.co.uk
3D Air Sales Ireland LtdUnit 8, Greenhills Business Centre,Green hills Ind ustria l Estat e,Ta lla g ht , Dub lin 24
Tel: 00 353 (0) 1462 7570
Fa x: 00 353 (0) 1462 7611Email: micclan1@eircom.net