GHP Brochure

8/10/2019 GHP Brochure

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VRF (variable refrigerant flow ) system s are norm ally pow ered by electric

driven com pressors w ith an IN VERTER for variable speed control.

The G H P is a VRF system , w hich has the com pressor pow ered by

an engine using natural gas as the input fuel.

This m eans that large cooling / heating system s can be installed in

buildings w hich have a lim ited electricity supply. The G H P requires

som e electrical pow er for the fans and controls, but this is m inim al

com pared to the pow er requirem ents of a conventional VRF, C hiller,

or other type of system .

In w inter, the heating perform ance is m aintained in very cold am bient

conditions, because the w aste heat from the engine is utilised as

a secondary heat source to enhance the output of the heat pum p.

3D AIR SALES Ltd - Distributors of MITSUBISHI Split Systems,

VRF Systems, and GHP in the UK and Republic of Ireland.

www.3dair .co.uk

Variable C apacity Cooling / Heat Pum p System s

Gas Engine PoweredVRF Systems


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The application of air conditioning system s pow ered by internal com bustion engines

has been in existence for over tw enty years in the U K. A ll of these applications

have been m ainly experim ental, and are bespoke designs. This has resulted in high

equipm ent costs, w hich have prohibited future com m ercial viability.

The very attractive concept developed by M itsubishi provides m any benefits for

the designer, the installer, and reduces running costs for the client. VRF system s

are extensively applied to com m ercial buildings - approxim ately 7800 system s

per year are installed in the U K. The technology is w ell know n, and specialist

installers are fam iliar w ith the installation requirem ents and the procedures for

com m issioning. A ll of these V RF system s are pow ered by electricity, usually a 3-

phase pow er supply. The com pressor norm ally w ould use 96% of the electrical

pow er of the outdoor unit, the rem aining 4% being for the fans and control system .

The G H P is a VRF - Variable Refrigerant Flow - system , w hich behaves in a sim ilar

operational m ode to conventional electric pow ered VRF system s. Instead of using

electrical pow er for the com pressor, the G H P com pressor is driven by an engine,

very sim ilar to a car engine, having four cylinders, spark plugs, etc, and capable

of being controlled at varying speeds, i.e. sim ilar to the IN VERTER on an electric

system . The engine is directly coupled to a M itsubishi com pressor.

Technical Features & Benefits of GHP

Low carbon em issions

Factory com m issioned outdoor unit

Indoor units and control system s

identical to conventional M itsubishi

VRF system s

Connection of up to 20 indoor units

Pipew ork identical to V RF system s

BEM S com patible: Trend, Satchw ell...

Performance - Cooling & Heating

High efficiency cooling, up to 56KW

Fast w arm up, and enhanced*

perform ance heating, up to 67K W

C ontinuous perform ance - Defrost

cycle is elim inated

Heating perform ance is m aintained

in am bient tem perature to -15C

*The heat pum p perform ance is enhanced b yutilising the w aste heat from the engine. Theengine coolant is circulated through a heatexchanger to transfer w aste heat energy intothe refrigerant, thus increasing the C oefficientof Perform ance of the heat pum p operation.Becau se there is a constant source of heat

energy from the engine, the norm al de-frostfunction of conventional system s is elim inated,so there is no shut-dow n period for defrosting.This also reduces w arm up tim e from a cold start.

The G H P operates in the sam e w ay as a VRF 2-pipe System , i.e. all on cooling, or all on heating.

G H P

EH P

G H P

EH P

GHP - Dow ntime due to def rostperiods eliminated

VRF C ooling / H eat Pu

GHP - fa ster w a rm up time tha nElectric Heat Pumps


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16,000 Mitsubishi GHP Systems Installed in Japan

M itsubishi H eavy Industries has had m any years of experience in m anufacturing

G H P system s for the Japanese m arket, w here electricity costs are high, and there

are severe restrictions at peak load periods in February (heating season), and

July (cooling season).

G HP system s are installed m ainly in com m ercial buildings, and it is quite com m on

to see m ultiple installations in office buildings and large retail stores.

M itsubishi has now developed the M k4 G H P w hich is C E m arked, and has the

service interval extended to 8,000 hours of operation. That equates to 2-years

based on 60 hours per w eek.

The construction of the G H P consists of large heat exchangers and fans in the top

section, w ith a sealed engine/com pressor housing below . This housing has acoustic

insulation to m inim ise noise break out.

The engine is a conventional four stroke internal com bustion engine, very sim ilar

to a car engine. It has an autom atic throttling device w hich provides speed

control, dependent on the com bined dem and of the connected indoor units.

The m icrocom puter controlled system behaves sim ilarly to an IN VERTER system

on electric VRF units.

The air intake for the engine is at the top of the unit, and passes dow nw ard

through the centre of the unit to the engine air filter and inlet m anifold. The

exhaust gases are discharged upw ards, and out of the top of the G H P. A sm all

drain outlet is required for the condensate form ing in the exhaust. The drain w ater

is passed though a scrubberbefore exiting the unit.

A large reservoir of oil is included to allow for prolonged operation w ithout

topping up.

The fuzzy-logiccontrol w hich com bines all the data from the indoor units and

outdoor unit constantly m onitors the perform ance of the engine and the refrigeration

system , in order to m axim ise perform ance, efficiency and internal com fort levels.

The outdoor unit has a 7-segm ent 6-digit display for ease of com ponent and

system m onitoring, and for fault diagnosis. A com prehensive explanation of the

operational and control features can be dow nloaded from the 3D w ebsite.

m p System s

-20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 C

The pow erful heating out put of GHP is mainta inedat 100% even at ambient tempera tures of -15C.Electric Heat pumps (VRF) heating is reduced at lowambient temperat ures.

1.0

G H P

EH P


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Electrical Requirem ents

Because the com pressor is pow ered by the engine, the G HP uses less than 1KW of

electricity to pow er the fans and control equipm ent. The pow er supply is 3-ph + N.

Application- Pow er supplies to com m ercial buildings are very often inadequate.

Electrically pow ered system s, e.g. VRF, chillers, etc require a substantial pow er supply,

w hich is not available in, or near, the building. The cost of installing new pow er

supplies can vary from 1,000 to 100,000.

G H P uses approxim ately 10% of the pow er of a conventional electric VRF system .

W here the supply in a building is lim ited, the available pow er can be m ade available

for the building user, for lighting, lifts, IT, and office equipm ent.

Part L Building Regulations -The application of G H P to new or refurbished

buildings can provide som e m argin in the selection of cooling/heating equipm ent

w ithin the param eters of Part L. In particular, the G HP carbon em issions for heating

operation, are 30% less than the em issions of a C ondensing Boiler.

GHP - Large Volumes in Japan- There

is a very high peak dem and on the pow er

supply grid in Japan in February (heating

season) and in July (cooling season). G HP

helps to reduce the dem and on the grid

by utilising gas as the prim ary energy

source. G HP system s are used extensively

for com m ercial buildings in Japan,

office buildings,

retail stores,

car show room s,

schools and universities,

hospitals

sports centres

UK - First Installation- The very first

installation of G HP in the U K is for a client

w ith a large com puter room w hich is being

expanded. The existing air conditioning

plant is being rem oved, as the pow er is

required for the new IT suite. The com plete

IT area is being cooled by G HP, providing

56KW of cooling, and using only 0.9KW

of electrical pow er.

Design & Installation- The design of

the layout of indoor units, internalrefrigerant piping, branch joints, etc, is

alm ost identical to a conventional VRF

2-pipe system . It is im portant that pipe

sizes are correct, and that height and

length lim itations are not exceeded.

M axim um piping length from outdoor unit to the furthest indoor unit 100m

M axim um piping length from outdoor unit to first branch joint 70m

M ax height difference (outdoor unit above) 50mM ax height difference (outdoor unit below ) 40m

D ifference in height betw een indoor units on sam e system 15m

Over 40,000 GHP systems were installed in 2002

For assistance w ith design and selection of equipm ent contact the 3D Sales O ffice.


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Factory Tested & Commissioned-

Each G H P outdoor unit is fully tested

and com m issioned at the Nagoya factory

in Japan.

This m eans the installers responsibilities

are sim plified, requiring only to locate

the unit and m ake the necessary

connections:

N atural gas supply

Electrical M ains Pow er 3ph + N

2-w ire low voltage control cable

to indoor units Refrigerant pipes - 2 pipes

It is essential the refrigerant piping is

installed by a com petent and trained

engineer possessing a C ertificate for

Refrigerant Safe H andling. Stringent

precautions m ust be taken to prevent the

ingress of m oisture and contam inants.

N itrogen purge m ust be used for all

brazed pipe joints to elim inate the

form ation of oxides on the internal

surfaces.

The gas supply m ust be installed by a

C O RG I/A C S registered installer.

GHP Outdoor Unit Location -The G H P is norm ally installed in an open

environm ent. It is essential that there is no im pedance to the m ovem ent of air

circulating through the fans/heat exchangers, or to the intake and exhaust. The

G H P can be installed in a perim eter enclosure, but adequate air m ovem ent m ust

be provided. The G H P is fully w eatherproof. Recom m ended space for service

access and air m ovem ent is show n in the above diagram .

Full details of installation requirem ents can be found on the 3D w ebsite -

w w w .3dair.co.uk, or in the M itsubishi Engineering M anual G H P 2002.

3D Applications and Design - Technical Support - The control w iring and

m ethod of addressing the indoor units is straightforw ard, but needs to be properly

planned at the design stage. The 2-w ire com m unications connection is connected

to the A B term inals of all the indoor units on each G H P system , and then to the

outdoor unit. This m ethod of control w iring m inim ises costs, and provides the

user w ith a very sophisticated m icrocom puter control schem e.

3D has a team of experienced applications and support engineers w ho can assist

w ith the design and selection of equipm ent , and advise on refrigeration pipe

connections , control schem es and control w iring. For specific projects w e can

produce schem atic diagram s of unit locations, routing of sizing of refrigerant

pipew ork, address num bering, etc.

BMS and PC Based Control Schemes- 3D can provide a stand alone PC W indow s

C entralised Control, w hich can be upgraded to allow the building user to m onitor

the entire system , and to bill the occupants for the usage.

The 3D G atew ay and Interface connections can enable full BM S m onitoring and

control. It is com patible w ith all the m ajor BM S System providers:

TREN D SATCH W ELL

HO NEYW ELL STA EFA

ANDOVER JO HN SO N

CYLO N SIEM ENS

EC H ELO N BACNET

M O D BU S

600 or more

1000 or more

1000

o r m o r e

50

or more

350

or more

50

or more

50

o r m o r e

50

or more

350

or more

50

o r m o r e

2000 or more

600 o r more

50 o r more

1000 o r more

350

o r mo r e


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Carbon Emissions- The table (right)

com pares the carbon em ission s of

G H P 560 w ith a C ondensing Boiler

(80% efficiency) and a conventional

VRF outdoor unit (electric pow ered).

The C arbon Intensity is the am ount of

C arbon em itted per KW hour of useful

heating or cooling output.

The G H P com parisons on heating are

rated at ISO standard conditions, and at

low er am bient conditions, w hich illustrate

the advantages of recovering the w aste

heat from the engine coolant system .

Running Costs- com parisons are based

on the cost per KW h of cooling and

heating output.

The electricity and gas tariffs are statedbelow , an d are representative of

com m ercial supply contracts. V RF

(Electric pow ered system s) are based

on C O P of 2.9 (rated at 7C am bient)

and EER of 2.7. The C O P/EER at low er

am bient conditions are typical of VRF,

and are adjusted to take account of the

reduced perform ance at low er am bient

conditions and the reduction of useful

heat output due to defrost periods. The

pow er consum ption figures are based

on heating perform ance of 67.0K W ,

cooling 53.0KW . The calculations do

not take into account the indoor units.

Gas commercial tariff = 1.55pence

per KWh (incl 0.15p CCL),

Electricity commercial tariff = 5.40

pence/KWh (incl. 0.43p CCL).

The exam ple is based on the G H P560

rated at 67.0K W heating , 56 .0KW

cooling.

Technical Specification

GHP Specification

Model Ref: GHCP450HMTE4 GHCP560HMTE4

Cooling Perform ance KW 45.0 56.0Heating Perform ance KW 53.0 67.0Dim ensions H x W x D m m 2135 x 1750 x 950 2135 x 1750 x 950W eight Net Kg 910 920

Pow er Supply 415V 3 ph 50HZ 415V 3 ph 50H ZRunning current Cooling A 2.6 2.6

Heating A 1.9 1.9

Pow er consum ption Cooling KW 1.62 1.62Heating KW 1.18 1.18

Start current A 19 19

G as Fuel Natural gas

G as Fuel consum ption Cooling KW 44.3 54.6Heating KW 41.5 51.9

Engine type 4 cylinder, 4 cycle, w ater cooled, O HVEngine size cc 2237Engine speed range rpm 890 to 2375Engine starter AC/DC variable type DC stator

Refrigerant pipe connections o.d. 5/8" flare 3/4" flareo.d. 1 3/8" brazed 1 1/2" brazed

Refrigerant R407C Kg 17.5 18.0G as m ains supply connection m m 25 25Drain for exhaust condensate m m Flexible hose o.d. 18.2 i.d. 12.2

Com pressor - open type CR5445HVR CR5453HVRCom pression volum e cc 454 528

Condenser Fans Propellor fan x 2Fan m otor type 3-phase inductance m otor 6-poleFan m otor pow er KW 0.25 x 2 0.45 x 2

Connectable indoor units 1 to 20Connectable capacity 22.5KW to 58.5KW 28.0KW to 72.8KW

Ambient 35C 7C 0C -7C -15C

Cooling VRF Electric EER 0.043Pow er Input KW 20.38Cost p/KW h O utput 2.00

G HP G as Fuel Input KW 0.053Electricity Input KWCost p/KW h O utput 1.67

Heating VRF Electric CO P 2.90 2.22 2.28 1.91Pow er Input KW 23.10 30.12 29.33 35.06Cost p/KW h O utput 1.86 2.43 2.36 2.83

G HP G as Fuel Input KW 51.9 51.9 52.9 55.9Electricity Input KW 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18Cost p/KW h O utput 1.30 1.30 1.32 1.32

Heating - Condensing Boiler Cost p/KW h 1.94 1.94 1.94 1.9480% efficiency

Running Costs(Cost: pence/KW h of cooling and heating output)

Carbon Emissions

Carbon Intensity KgC/KWh Ambient Temp 35C 7C 0C -7C -15C

Cooling O peration VRF Electric pow ered 0.043G HP 0.053

Heating O peration VRF Electric pow ered 0.042 0.051 0.049 0.059G HP 0.043 0.043 0.044 0.046

Condensing Boiler 80% efficiency 0.066 0.066 0.066 0.066


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Indoor U nits

FDT 4-W ay Cassette 2.8KW to 16.0KW

Integral Condensate Lift Pum p

FDTQ CassetteSingle Discharge 2.2KW to 4.0KW


FDQM Com pact Ducted 2.2KW to 4.0KW


FDTS CassetteSingle Discharge 4.5KW to 8.0KW


FDUM D ucted H orizonta 4.5KW to 16.0KW


FDR Ducted Cassette 4.5KW to 16.0KW


FDK W all M ounted 2.2KW to 8.0KWO ptional Condensate Lift Pum p

FDFL Floor M ounted 2.8KW to 8.0KW

FDFU Concealed Floor Unit 2.8KW to 8.0KW

FDE Ceiling M ounted 3.6KW to 16KW

FDTW 2-W ay Cassette 2.8KW to 16K W


The internal units used on G H P system s are identical to those used on K X/KXR

VRF system s. The control language is the sam e, and all rem ote/centralized controls

are also the sam e.

A total of 20 indoor units can be connected to each G H P, and can be controlled

individually, in heating or cooling m ode, dependent on the m ode operation of

the G H P system , i.e. it is not possible to have som e units on cooling w hile others

are on heating. The internal units are connected by tw o refrigerant pipes w ith

branch pipe kits or headers branching from the m ain 2-pipe circuit.


8/8

M itsubishi Heavy Industries is at the forefront of G HP developm ent and engineering

design, having a history in refrigeration and air conditioning dating back to 1920,

as w ell as extensive involvem ent w ith the autom otive industry and other associated

technologies. O ver 16,000 G H P system s have been m anufactured by M itsubishi,

m ost of w hich are installed in com m ercial buildings in Japan.

3D AIR SA LES Ltd distributes M ITSU BISH I air conditioning and heat pum p system s

in the U K and Ireland, and can offer assistance w ith the design and application

of G HP and other air conditioning products m anufactured in Japan by M ITSU BISH I

H EAV Y IN D U STRIES.

Technica l informa tion on a ll Mitsubishi Heavy Ind ustries a ir cond itioning

products can be fo und on the 3D w ebsite a t :w w w .3dair.co.uk

The information provided in this brochure is for guidance only. It does not form any part of acontract. The manufacturer reserves the right to change specification without notice.

3D Air Sales LtdSales & M arket ing850 Brig ht on Roa d, Purley,Surrey CR8 2BH

Tel: 020 8668 1112Fa x: 020 8668 1113Ema il: sa les@3da ir.co.uk

3D Air Sales LtdSales & A ccoun ts Adm inistrat ion ,Spar e Part s Sales, Wareh ou se,Techni cal Troub leshoo tin g, WarrantyAng lia Ho use, Priors Wa y, Cog g esha ll,Essex CO6 1TL

Tel: 01376 565 505Fax: 01376 565 525

3D Air Sales Ltd ScotlandMcGregor House,South Bank BusinessPa rk, Kirkint illoch, Gla sgo w G66 1XF

Tel: 0141 777 5007Fa x: 0141 777 5009Email: [email protected]

3D Air Sales Ireland LtdUnit 8, Greenhills Business Centre,Green hills Ind ustria l Estat e,Ta lla g ht , Dub lin 24

Tel: 00 353 (0) 1462 7570

Fa x: 00 353 (0) 1462 7611Email: [email protected]

GHP Brochure

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