Post on 23-Jun-2015
Different ways of talking about the future
Will, going to, present progressive, simple present
Future Use Example
Will To make predictions about the futureUncertainDecisions at the moment
It will rain.“I’ll open the door”
Going to Predictions based on evidence, future plans and intentions
I’m going to go out tonight.
Present progessive
Future plans and intentions
I’m meeting some friends tonight.
Simple present At a specific time on a schedule
The concert starts at 11:00.
“GOING TO”
• For definite plans and decisions in the immediate future
I’m going to pass my exam
because I studied hard
enough.
• Predictions based on present evidenceThe clouds are black. It is going to rain.
AFFIRMATIVE STRUCTURE
I am going to talk to my boss.
Students are going to get good grades.
Michael is going to marry Sophie next year.
SUBJECT + IS/ARE/AM+ GOING TO + VERB IN BASE FORM + OBJECT
NEGATIVE STRUCTURE
I’m not going to cook tonight.
Girls aren’t going to travel this summer.
Rose isn’t going to have a baby.
SUBJECT + ISN’T/AREN’T/AM NOT+ GOING TO + VERB IN BASE
FORM + OBJECT
INTERROGATIVE STRUCTURE
Are you going to graduate next year?
No, I’m not. Are boys going to do the washing up?
Yes, they are. Is your dog going to reach the frisbee
Yes, it is.
IS/ARE/AM + SUBJECT + GOING TO + VERB IN BASE FORM +
OBJECT?
WILL
I will always
love you!
Will future expresses a spontaneous decision, an assumption with regard to the future or an action in the future that cannot be influenced. subject positive negative question
no difference
s
I will speak.
I will not speak.
Will I speak?
Contractions: Will = ’llWill not = Won’t
Use of will Future
a spontaneous decision
Wait, I will help you.
an opinion, hope, uncertainty or assumption regarding the future
He will probably come back tomorrow.
a promise
I will not watch TV tonight.
an action in the future that cannot be influenced
It will rain tomorrow.
conditional clauses type I
If I arrive late, I will call you.
Signal Words
in a year, next …, tomorrow
I think, probably, perhaps, maybe
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
SUBJECT + IS/ARE/AM + VERB “ING” + OBJECT
I am having lunch with my friends next weekend.
You aren’t attending the concert tonight.
Is he cooking this weekend?Yes, he is. No, he isn’t
KEY WORDS: tonight, next month (year, week), tomorrow, this weekend
Examples:
My friends are traveling to London tomorrow.George isn't meeting us next weekend.
Going to is simplified with the present continuous
My friends are traveling to London tomorrow. = My friends are going to travel to London tomorrow.
There is no difference!
IT IS USED FOR SCHEDULES The train leaves tonight at 6 PM.
The bus does not arrive at 11 AM, it arrives at 11 PM.
SIMPLE PRESENT
STRUCTURE WITH PLURAL SUBJECTS
Subject + verb in base form + object.
The planes arrive at 9:00.Subject + don’t + verb in base
form + object.The planes don’t arrive at 9:00.
STRUCTURE WITH 3RD PERSON SINGULAR
SUBJECTSSubject + verb ending in “s, es, ies” + object.
The concert starts at 7:00.Subject + doesn’t + verb in
base form + object.The concert doesn’t start at 7:00.