FokinaLida.75@mail.ru Lyudmila Kirilicheva, English Teacher. School Chekhov-7.

FokinaLida.75@mail.ru

IMPRESSIONISMLyudmila Kirilicheva,

English Teacher.School Chekhov-7

The History of ImpressionismIn the late 19th century, there was only ONE way for

artists to become successful and that was to have their paintings seen at Le Salon.

The Salon was France’s annual, official art show. Artists who won prizes at the Salon also received lucrative commissions to create works of art for the government. It was important to exhibit at the Salon because it was the only way to get recognition for one’s work and to find new patrons.

The Salon approved conservative paintings that illustrated and taught moral lessons using historical, religious or mythological subjects.

Alexandre Cabanel “Cleopatre”

In the early 1860s, four young painters—Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Alfred Sisley, and Frédéric Bazille began to develop a lighter and brighter manner of painting. When they submitted paintings to the Salon, their work were usually rejected! The Salon jury encouraged and rewarded traditional paintings. To them, the work of the young painters, with its loose brushwork and daring colors, seemed shocking, unfinished and insulting.

The History of Impressionism

In 1874 thirty progressive artists participated in their first joint exhibition. The critical response was mixed. Monet and Cézanne received the harshest attacks. Critic and humorist Louis Leroy wrote a scathing review in which, making wordplay with the title of Claude Monet's Impression, Sunrise he gave the artists the name by which they became known.

The History of Impressionism

Impression, Sunrise

Claude Monet

The History of ImpressionismThe term impressionists quickly gained favour with

the public. It was also accepted by the artists themselves. They exhibited together eight times between 1874 and 1886.

The public, at first hated the paintings, then gradually came to believe the Impressionists had captured a fresh and original vision The Impressionists' style, with its loose, spontaneous brushstrokes, became synonymous with modern life.

Characteristics of Impressionist painting include:

Visible Brushstrokes

Light Colours

Emphasis on Light and Changing

Qualities of it

Ordinary Subject Matter

Unusual Visual Angles

Open Compositions

Visible Brushstrokes

Claude MonetPlum Trees in Blossom

Light Colours

Marie BracquemondOn the Terrace at Sèvres

Emphasis on Light

Claude MonetIn The Garden

The Changing Qualities of LightClaude Monet

Haystacks, (Midday)

Claude MonetHaystacks,

(Sunset)

Claude MonetThe Magpie

Ordinary Subject Matter

Camille PissarroFlock of Sheep in a Field after the Harvest

Unusual Visual Angles

Edouard ManetThe Bar at the Foiles Bergere

Open Compositions

Claude MonetThe Railway Bridge

Main ImpressionistsFrédéric Bazille (1841–1870) Фредерик Базиль

Gustave Caillebotte (1848–1894) Гюстав Кайботт

Mary Cassatt (1844–1926) Мэри Кассат

Paul Cézanne (1839–1906) Поль Сезанн

Edgar Degas (1834–1917) Эдгар Дега

Armand Guillaumin (1841–1927) Арман Гийомен

Édouard Manet (1832–1883) Эдуард Мане

Claude Monet (1840–1926) Клод Моне

Berthe Morisot (1841–1895) Берта Моризо

Camille Pissarro (1830–1903) Камиль Писсарро

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841–1919) Огюст Ренуар

Alfred Sisley (1839–1899) Альфред Сислей

Monet, Sisley, Morisot, and Pissarro may be considered the "purest" Impressionists, in their consistent pursuit of an art of spontaneity, sunlight, and colour. Degas rejected much of this, as he believed in the primacy of drawing over colour and belittled the practice of painting outdoors. Renoir turned away from Impressionism for a time during the 1880s, and never entirely regained his commitment to its ideas. Édouard Manet, although regarded by the Impressionists as their leader, never abandoned his liberal use of black as a colour, and never participated in the Impressionist exhibitions.

Main Impressionists

Main ThemesClaude Monet – Lily ponds and Gardens

August Renoir – People Outdoors

Edgar Degas – Dancers and Theatre

Camille Pissarro – Cities and Streets

Alfred Sisley – Rivers and Landscapes

Édouard Manet – Scenes of Parisian Social Life

Claude Monet

Self-portrait with a beret

Japanese bridge over the water-lilies pond at Giverny

Women in the garden

Regattas at Sainte-Adresse

Pierre-August Renoir

Self-portrait

Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette

Luncheon of the Boating Party

Two Sisters/On the terrace

By the Seashore

Edgar Degas

Self-portrait

The Blue Dance

The Dance Class

Musicians in the Orchestra

Camille Pissarro

Self-portrait

Peasants’ Houses, Eragny

Boulevard Montmartre, night effect

Boulevard Montmartre, Afternoon Sun

Alfred Sisley

August RenoirPortrait of Alfred Sisley

The Wave, Lady's Cove, Langland Bay

Street in Louveciennes

The Restaurant La Barque During the Flood at Port Marly

Édouard Manet

Self-Portrait with Palette

Music in the Tuileries

Argenteuil

The Railway

Influence of ImpressionismThe Impressionists created a model for freedom

and subjectivity that promoted artistic freedom that which many artists of the past longed for. Their example empowered later artists that took it much further than they did.

Impressionism became the birth of modern art. All the major art movements that would follow, including Post-Impressionism, Fauvism, Cubism, Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism and Pop Art owe their beginnings to Impressionism

“Impressionism is at the root of all modern art, because it was the first movement that managed to free itself from preconceived ideas, and because it changed not only the way life was depicted but the way life was seen”

Franceso Salvi

FokinaLida.75@mail.ru Lyudmila Kirilicheva, English Teacher. School Chekhov-7.

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