Post on 26-Dec-2015
Fig. 1.8-1Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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© McGraw-Hill Higher Education, Inc./Eric Wise, photographer
Fig. 1.9
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
© McGraw-Hill Higher Education, Inc./Eric Wise, photographer
Upper limb
Lower limb
Plantar (sole)
Calcaneal (heel)
Sural (calf)
Popliteal (hollow behind knee)
Dorsum (back of hand)
Olecranon (point of elbow)
Acromial (point of shoulder)
Cranial (skull)
Perineal (perineum)
Gluteal (buttock)
Sacral (between hips)
Lumbar (loin)
Vertebral (spinal column)
Scapular (shoulder blade)
Nuchal (back of neck)
Occipital (base of skull)
Dorsal(back)
Trunk
(b)
Otic (ear)Buccal (cheek)
Mental (chin)
Clavicular (collarbone)
Axillary (armpit)
Brachial (arm)
Antecubital (front of elbow)
Antebrachial (forearm)
Carpal (wrist)
Manual (hand)Digital (fingers)
Palmar (palm)
Coxal (hip)
Femoral (thigh)
Patellar (kneecap)
Crural (leg)
Talus (ankle)
Digital (toes)
Pedal (foot)Dorsum (top of foot)
Pubic (genital)Inguinal (groin)Pelvic (pelvis)
Umbilical (navel)Abdominal (abdomen)
Mammary (breast)
Sternal (breastbone)
Pectoral (chest)Thoracic(thorax)
Neck
Head(cephalic)
Frontal (forehead)Orbital (eye)
Oral (mouth)
Nasal (nose)
Cervical
TrunkUpper limb
Lower limb
(a)
Fig. 1.8Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Proximal
Distal
Inferior
Superior
Distal
Proximal
Inferior
Distal
Midline
Right Left
Proximal
Anterior
(Ventral)
Superior
(Dorsal)
Posterior
Lateral
Medial
© McGraw-Hill Higher Education, Inc./Eric Wise, photographer
Fig. 1.11 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Nasal cavity
Pharynx (throat)
Tongue
Stomach
Largeintestine
Spleen
Kidney
Vertebra
Liver
Kidney
Spinalcord
Transverse,or horizontal,plane
Sagittalplane
Frontal, orcoronal, plane
TracheaVertebralcolumn
Spinal cord
CerebellumBrainstem
Cerebrum
(b) Sagittal section of the head
(c) Transverse section through the abdomen
(d) Frontal section through the right hip
(a) Coxal bone(hipbone)
Thigh muscles
Femur(thighbone)
Hip muscle
SkinFat
a: © McGraw-Hill Higher Education, Inc./Eric Wise, photographer; b–d: © R. T Hutchings
Fig. 1.12 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Obliquesection
Transversesection
Intestine
Longitudinal section
Fig. 1.3a Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Digestive System
Performs the mechanical and chemicalprocesses of digestion, absorption ofnutrients, and elimination of wastes. Consistsof the mouth, esophagus, stomach,intestines, and accessory organs.
Respiratory System
Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxidebetween the blood and air and regulatesblood pH. Consists of the lungs andrespiratory passages.
Lymphatic System
Removes foreign substances from the bloodand lymph, combats disease, maintainstissue fluid balance, and absorbs fats fromthe digestive tract. Consists of the lymphaticvessels, lymph nodes, and other lymphaticorgans.
Integumentary System
Provides protection, regulates temperature,prevents water loss, and helps producevitamin D. Consists of skin, hair, nails, andsweat glands.
Muscular System
Produces body movements, maintainsposture, and produces body heat. Consists ofmuscles attached to the skeleton by tendons.
Skeletal System
Provides protection and support, allowsbody movements, produces blood cells, andstores minerals and fat. Consists of bones,associated cartilages, ligaments, and joints.
Rectusabdominis
Bicepsbrachii
Pectoralismajor
TemporalisSkull
Clavicle
Sternum
Humerus
Vertebralcolumn
Radius
Ulna
Femur
Tibia
Fibula
Pelvis
RibsSkin
Hair
Thymus
Axillarylymphnode
Lymphaticvessel
Inguinallymph node
Spleen
Thoracicduct
Mammaryplexus
Cervicallymphnode
TonsilsNose
Nasalcavity
Lungs
Bronchi
Trachea
Larynx
Pharynx(throat)
Pharynx(throat)
Oral cavity(mouth)
Liver
Gallbladder
Appendix
Rectum
Anus
Largeintestine
Smallintestine
Pancreas
Stomach
Esophagus
Salivaryglands
Gastrocnemius
Quadricepsfemoris
Sartorius
Fig. 1.3b
Nervous System
A major regulatory system that detectssensations and controls movements,physiological processes, and intellectualfunctions. Consists of the brain, spinal cord,nerves, and sensory receptors.
Endocrine System
A major regulatory system that influencesmetabolism, growth, reproduction, and manyother functions. Consists of glands, such asthe pituitary, that secrete hormones.
Cardiovascular System
Transports nutrients, waste products, gases,and hormones throughout the body; plays arole in the immune response and theregulation of body temperature. Consists ofthe heart, blood vessels, and blood.
Male Reproductive System
Produces and transfers sperm cells tothe female and produces hormones thatinfluence sexual functions and behaviors.Consists of the testes, accessory structures,ducts, and penis.
Urinary System
Removes waste products from the blood andregulates blood pH, ion balance, and waterbalance. Consists of the kidneys, urinarybladder, and ducts that carry urine.
Female Reproductive System
Produces oocytes and is the site of fertilizationand fetal development; produces milk for thenewborn; produces hormones that influencesexual function and behaviors. Consists of theovaries, vagina, uterus, mammary glands, andassociated structures.
Seminalvesicle
Prostategland
Testis
PenisEpididymis
Ductusdeferens
Mammarygland(in breast)
Uterinetube
Uterus
Ovary
Kidney
Ureter
Urinarybladder
Urethra
Femoralartery andvein
Aorta
Pulmonarytrunk
Superiorvena cava
Carotidartery
Jugularvein
Heart
Brachialartery
Inferiorvena cavaTestes
(male)
Pancreas(islets)
Parathyroids(posteriorpart ofthyroid)
Pinealgland
Ovaries(female)
Adrenals
Thymus
Thyroid
Pituitary
Hypothalamus
Caudaequina
Nerve
Spinal cord
Brain
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Vagina
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