Facing OffFacing Off

Indians & Englishmen Indians & Englishmen

in in

Early New EnglandEarly New England

Pequot War (1634-8)Pequot War (1634-8) Mass Bay & Plymouth Colony allied with Narragansetts & MohegansMass Bay & Plymouth Colony allied with Narragansetts & Mohegans Indians in Connecticut River Valley fought over European fur tradeIndians in Connecticut River Valley fought over European fur trade two English traders killed by Niantic Indians; Puritan militia attacked two English traders killed by Niantic Indians; Puritan militia attacked

Niantic on Block Island Niantic on Block Island Pequot raided Connecticut villages (took captives at Wethersfield)Pequot raided Connecticut villages (took captives at Wethersfield) English massacred Pequot women & children at Mystic; Indian allies English massacred Pequot women & children at Mystic; Indian allies

horrifiedhorrified Pequot nation virtually destroyedPequot nation virtually destroyed Indians unable to mount resistanceIndians unable to mount resistance

until King Philip’s War in 1675until King Philip’s War in 1675

““Praying Indians”Praying Indians”&&

“Praying Towns”“Praying Towns”

John Eliot:John Eliot:Minister to the IndiansMinister to the Indians

Metacom’s Rebellion:Metacom’s Rebellion:The Native American War for IndependenceThe Native American War for Independence

King Philip’s War (1675-6)King Philip’s War (1675-6) southern New England (MA & ME, CT, RI)southern New England (MA & ME, CT, RI) 50% of colonial villages attacked50% of colonial villages attacked 3,000 Indians & 800 colonists dead3,000 Indians & 800 colonists dead Metacom killed, family sent into slaveryMetacom killed, family sent into slavery

Metacom/King PhilipMetacom/King Philip

King Philip’s Seat (Rhode Island)

Great Swamp FightGreat Swamp Fight

December 16, 1675December 16, 1675 victory for colonial militiavictory for colonial militia 300 Narragansetts killed300 Narragansetts killed

Metacom’s Rebellion:Metacom’s Rebellion:The Native American War for IndependenceThe Native American War for Independence

New England Confederation, Mohegans, & PequotsNew England Confederation, Mohegans, & Pequots versusversus Wampanoag, Nipmuck, Podunk, Narragansett, NashawayWampanoag, Nipmuck, Podunk, Narragansett, Nashaway Indians losing land to the colonistsIndians losing land to the colonists Metacom’s father Massasoit & brother Wamsutta had kept uneasy peaceMetacom’s father Massasoit & brother Wamsutta had kept uneasy peace Metacom Grand Sachem in 1662Metacom Grand Sachem in 1662 ““Praying Indian” John Sassamon told colonial officials Philip planning Praying Indian” John Sassamon told colonial officials Philip planning

war; Sassamon found murderedwar; Sassamon found murdered 3 Wampamoags arrested, tried, hanged3 Wampamoags arrested, tried, hanged Swansea destroyed by IndiansSwansea destroyed by Indians Plymouth & Boston militia destroyed Mount HopePlymouth & Boston militia destroyed Mount Hope bloody, high casualty ratesbloody, high casualty rates ““Praying Indians” sent to Deer Island where many diedPraying Indians” sent to Deer Island where many died left legacy of bitter feelings & fearleft legacy of bitter feelings & fear

Captivity NarrativesCaptivity Narratives

Mary Rowlandson

captured during King Philip’s War with her 3 childrenmet with Metacomransomed after 11 weeksdaughter Sarah died in captivity

Lancaster, MA

Published 1682

The Unredeemed CaptiveThe Unredeemed Captiveby John Demosby John Demos

The Redeemed CaptiveThe Redeemed Captive by Rev. John Williams by Rev. John Williams Indian raid on Deerfield, MA (February 29, 1704)Indian raid on Deerfield, MA (February 29, 1704) French stirring up trouble against English with helpFrench stirring up trouble against English with help

of Indian alliesof Indian allies Williams family slain or captured, later “redeemed”Williams family slain or captured, later “redeemed” Eunice Williams remains “unredeemed”Eunice Williams remains “unredeemed” little actual evidence of Eunicelittle actual evidence of Eunice narrative historynarrative history

The Unredeemed CaptiveThe Unredeemed Captiveby John Demosby John Demos

Historic Deerfield, MassachusettsHistoric Deerfield, Massachusetts

The Unredeemed CaptiveThe Unredeemed Captiveby John Demosby John Demos

The RaidThe RaidThe Flight into Captivity

The Unredeemed CaptiveThe Unredeemed Captiveby John Demosby John Demos

Kahwanake Lands

Kahwanake Village

The Unredeemed CaptiveThe Unredeemed Captiveby John Demosby John Demos

Iroquois Longhouses

The Unredeemed CaptiveThe Unredeemed Captiveby John Demosby John Demos

Jesuits in New France