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Equipment for Engineering Education
Experiment Instruction
G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbHP.O. Box 1125
D - 22881 Barsbüttel • Germany
Phone +49 40 670 854 - 0
Fax +49 40 670 854 - 42
HM 150.16 Series/ParallelPump Test
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0
Kl.1,6bar
DIN
-1
Kl.1,6
0bar
10
DIN
Kl.1,6
0-1
DIN
bar
Experiment Instructions
Publication-No.: 917.00016A15012 03/97
Please read and follow the instructions before the first installation!
0 3 / 9 7
HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
A l l R i g h t s r e s e r v e d G . U . N . T .
G e r ä t e b a u G . m . b . H . ,
B a r s b ü t t e l , G e r m a n y
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Unit description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.1 Unit construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 Unit function and operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.3 Startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.4 Care and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1 Dangers to life and limb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.2 Risks to the unit and its function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4 Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.1 Centrifugal pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.2 Pump characteristic curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.3 Series configuration of pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.4 Parallel configuration of pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.5 Pump power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5 Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.1 Determining volumetric flow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.2 Plotting pump characteristic curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.2.1 Single pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.2.2 Series configuration of two pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5.2.3 Parallel configuration of two pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.3 Plot the pump characteristic curves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
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HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
A l l R i g h t s r e s e r v e d G . U . N . T .
G e r ä t e b a u G . m . b . H . ,
B a r s b ü t t e l , G e r m a n y
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6 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6.1 Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
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HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
A l l R i g h t s r e s e r v e d G . U . N . T .
G e r ä t e b a u G . m . b . H . ,
B a r s b ü t t e l , G e r m a n y
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1 Introduction
The HM 150.16 series and parallel configurati-
on of pumps accessory system is used to plot
characteristics of centrifugal pumps. The system
is designed for use in conjunction with the HM 150
fluid mechanics base module, but can also be used
independently of it.
Two identical centrifugal pumps are available,
interconnected by a pipe system. Built-in stop-
cocks allow operation of the pumps in series andparallel configuration. Manometers indicate the
pressures at all key points in the pipe system. In
conjunction with a volumetric flowmeter, pump
characteristics can thereby be plotted.
The system is virtually maintenance-free. As a
result of its robust construction, easily viewable
measuring instruments and prepared didactic ma-
terials, the system is ideal for teaching purposes,
as a demonstration model and for student experi-
mentation.
In conjunction with the HM 150 fluid mechanics base
module, the system covers the following topics:
- Characteristics of centrifugal pumps
- Pump characteristic curves of centrifugal
pumps
- Series and parallel configuration of pumps
- Determining pump power
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HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d G . U . N . T .
G e r ä t e b a u G m b
H ,
B a r s b ü t t e l , G e r m a n y
1 Introduction 1
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2 Unit description
0
K l.1, 6bar
DIN
-1
K l.1,6
0
bar
10
DIN
K l .1, 6
0-1
DIN
bar
1
3
2
18
17
8
12
4 13 14 16
Fig. 2.1
1 4 13 14 9 7 11
5 6 15 16 10 17 12 8
Fig. 2.2Unit construction (top view)
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HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
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l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d G . U . N . T .
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b H ,
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2 Unit description 2
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2.1 Unit construction
(Fig. 2.1 and 2.2)1 - Reservoir 11 - Switchbox with main switch2 - Emergency overflow for centrifugal pumps3 - Inflow branch for water supply 12 - Outflow branch4 - Stop-cock pump 1 intake side 13 - Manometer pump 1 intake side
5 - Stop-cock pump 2 intake side 14 - Manometer pump 1 delivery side6 - Stop-cock Connections pipe 15 - Manometer pump 2 intake side7 - Stop-cock pump 1 delivery side 16 - Manometer pump 2 delivery side8 - Stop-cock outflow 17 - Manometer outflow9 - Centrifugal pump 1 18 - Carrying handles10 - Centrifugal pump 2 19 - Drain pipe to slot into outflow branch (not visible)
2.2 Unit function and operation
The HM 150.16 series and parallel configuration
of pumps system is an accessory to the HM 150
fluid mechanics base module, but can be used
independently of it.
The system is fitted with two identical centrifugal
pumps (9, 10), which can be connected via a pipe
system and appropriately configured stop-cocks,
in series or parallel to each other.
A reservoir for water (1) ensures a virtually con-
stant pressure level on the intake side of the
pumps, independent of the water supply.
Manometers indicate the pressures at all key po-
ints in the system.
Flow measurements can be performed using the
HM 150 fluid mechanics base module.
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HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
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l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d G . U . N . T .
G e r ä t e b a u G m
b H ,
B a r s b ü t t e l , G e r m a n y
2 Unit description 3
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2.3 Startup
- Mount the system on theHM 150 fluid mecha-
nics base module.
- Connect the water supply:
- Either via an inlet cock of the HM 150
base module on the inflow branch (3)
- or by connecting the mains water to the
inflow branch (3)
- Slot the supplied drain pipe (19) into the outflow
branch (12) and feed it into the collecting tray
of the HM 150 base module.
2.4 Care and maintenance
- Light incursion promotes algae growth, so sto-
re the unit with the reservoir emptied.
- The centrifugal pumps are practically mainten-
ance-free.
- The system should be cleaned from time to
time. Do not use abrasive cleaning agents, in
order to prevent scratching.
3
12
19
Fig. 2.3
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HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
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2 Unit description 4
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3 Safety
3.1 Dangers to life and limb
- DANGER! Protect the switchbox from
splashing water!
Danger of electric shock.
- DANGER! Before making contact with the
electrical system disconnect the mains plug!Danger of electric shock.
3.2 Risks to the unit and its function
- IMPORTANT! Protect the system from frost!
The pumps or manometers may be destroyed.
- When operating after lengthy downtimes open
and close the stop-cocks several times!
The function of the stop-cocks may be impaired
by liming.
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HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d G . U . N . T .
G e r ä t e b a u G m b
H ,
B a r s b ü t t e l , G e r m a n y
3 Safety 5
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4 Theory
4.1 Centrifugal pumps
The mode of operation of centrifugal pumps is
based on the flow principle. A delivery medium
(water) is set in motion by a driven blade wheel (1)
with angled blades, which rotates in a helical hou-
sing (2). The water is accelerated by centrifugal
force and fed into the delivery pipe (3). The out-
pouring of the water creates a negative pressure
(vacuum) at the intake branch (4) and the water
flows through the connected intake pipe. Depen-
ding on the pressure difference to be overcome,
single-stage or multi-stage centrifugal pumps are
used. Centrifugal pumps generate a uniform volu-
metric flow without pressure surges, and conse-
quently are the most common types of pump used
in conveying liquids.
4.2 Pump characteristic curve
The delivered volumetric flow is dependent on the
pressure which the pump has to generate within a
pipe network.
If the required pump pressure is high, the resulting
volumetric flow will be low.
At low pump pressure the volumetric flow is high.
These correlations are represented in the pumpcharacteristic curve (Fig. 4.2), where the pressu-
re difference between intake and delivery side of
the pump ∆p is plotted over the delivered volu-
metric flow V ..
3
1
2
4
Fig. 4.1
Volumetric flow V .
P
u m p p r e s s u r e ∆ p
Fig. 4.2
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HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
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G e r ä t e b a u G m
b H ,
B a r s b ü t t e l , G e r m a n y
4 Theory 6
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5 Experiments
5.1 Determining volumetric flow
In all experiments it is necessary to determine the
volumetric flow V .. This can be done with the aid
of the volumetric tank of the HM 150 base
module.
For this, it is advisable to measure the filling time t
for a rise in the water level from 20 to 30 litres
(volume ∆V = 10 litres).
The volumetric flow is produced as
V . =
∆V t
(5.1)
5.2 Plotting pump characteristic curves
Preparing the experiment
- Start up the system as per Chapter 2
- Select the pump configuration:
- Single operation
- In series
- In parallel
Fig. 5.1
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HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
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l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d G . U . N . T .
G e r ä t e b a u G m
b H ,
B a r s b ü t t e l , G e r m a n y
5 Experiments 8
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5.2.1 Single pump
The pumps are of identical construction. Pump 1
is used for the experiment:
Performing the experiment
- Connect the stop-cocks as shown in Fig. 5.2
- handle parallel to the pipe - valve closed,
- handle perpendicular to the pipe - valve open
- Switch on pump 1 (9) with the main switch on the
switchbox (11); pump 2 must remain off!
- Set the volumetric flowV .
with the drain cock (8);
ensure continuous water inflow into the reservoir
- Record measured values:
- P Suction on the intake side of the pump (13)
- P Delivery on the delivery side of the pump (14)
- Volumetric flow V .
as per Chapter 5.1 (HM
150)
- Vary volumetric flow V .
and repeat previous measuring
procedure.
4 13 14 9 7 11
5 6 15 16 17 8
Fig. 5.2
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HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
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l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d G . U . N . T .
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b H ,
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5 Experiments 9
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Test : Single Pump
Experiment - Nr.: Date : Komments :
HM150,measured time
in s
Volumetric flow rateV .
in l/s
Suction pressurepSuction in bar
Delivery pressurep Delivery
in bar
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HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
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5 Experiments 10
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5.2.2 Series configuration of two pumps
Performing the experiment
- Connect the stop-cocks as shown in Fig. 5.3
- handle parallel to the pipe - valve closed,
- handle perpendicular to the pipe - valve open
- Switch on both pumps (9,10) with the main switch on the
switchbox (11)
- Set the volumetric flowV .
with the drain cock (8);
ensure continuous water inflow into the reservoir
- Record measured values:
- P Suction,1 on the intake side of pump 1 (13)
- P Delivery,1 on the delivery side of the pump 1 (14)
- P Suction,2 on the intake side of pump 2 (15)
- P Delivery,2 on the delivery side of pump 2 (16),
- volumetric flow V .
as per Chapter 5.1 (HM 150)
- Vary volumetric flow V .
and repeat previous measuring
procedure.
4 13 14 9 7 11
5 6 15 16 10 17 8
Fig. 5.3 0 3 / 9 7
HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
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l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d G . U . N . T .
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5 Experiments 11
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Test : Series configuration of two pumps
Experiment-Nr.: Date : Komments :
HM150,measured time
in s
Volumetricflow rate
V .
in l/s
Suctionpressurep1Suction
in bar
Deliverypressurep1Delivery
in bar
Suctionpressurep2Suction
in bar
Outflowpressurep2Delivery
in bar
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5 Experiments 12
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5.2.3 Parallel configuration of two pumps
Performing the experiment
- Connect the stop-cocks as shown in Fig. 5.4
- handle parallel to the pipe - valve closed,
- handle perpendicular to the pipe - valve open
- Switch on both pumps (9,10) with the main switch on the
switchbox (11)
- Set the volumetric flowV .
with the drain cock (8);
ensure continuous water inflow into the reservoir
- Record measured values:
- P Suction,1 on the intake side of pump 1 (13)
- P Delivery,1 on the delivery side of pump 1 (14)
- P Suction,2 on the intake side of pump 2 (15)
- P Delivery,2 on the delivery side of pump 2 (16),
- POutflow at the outflow (17)
- Volumetric flowV .
as per Chapter 5.1 (HM150)
- Vary volumetric flow V .
and repeat previous measuring
procedure.
4 13 14 9 7 11
5 6 15 16 10 17 8
Fig. 5.4 0 3 / 9 7
HM 150.16 Series/Parallel Pump Test
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l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d G . U . N . T .
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5 Experiments 13
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Test : Parallel configuration of two pumps
Experiment - Nr.: Date : Komments :
HM150,measured
timein s
Volumetricflow rate
V .
in l/s
Suctionpressurep1Suction
in bar
Deliverypressurep1Delivery
in bar
Suctionpressurep2Suction
in bar
Deliverypressurep2Delivery
in bar
DeliverypressurepOutflow
in bar
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5 Experiments 14
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5.3 Plot the pump characteristic curves
Evaluating the experiment
Characteristic curves for the pumps can be plotted
from the measured values. A work sheet has been
prepared for this purpose, and is shown in the
Appendix.
For direct comparison it is advisable to plot all three
curves - single pump, series configuration, parallel
configuration- in one graph.
On the vertical axis the pressure difference ∆p
between the intake side and delivery side is plot-
ted:
Single pump: ∆p = p Delivery − p Suction
Series configuration: ∆p = p Delivery ,2 − p Suction ,1
Parallel configuration: ∆p = p Outflow − p Suction ,1.
In series configuration:p Delivery ,1 = p Suction ,2
In parallel configuration:
p Suction ,1 = p Suction ,2 and
p Delivery ,1 = p Delivery ,2 = p Outflow
On the horizontal axis the respective volumetric
flows V .
are plotted.
p Delivery,1 = p Delivery,2
p Suction,1 = p Suction,2
p Outflow p Delivery,2
p Delivery,1 = p Suction,2
p Suction,1
Fig. 5.5
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5 Experiments 15
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6 Appendix
6.1 Technical data
Pump
Type: 2 x centrifugal pumpRotational speed: 1450 rpmMax. volumetric flow 40 l/minMax. delivery head 40 m
Delivery medium: Clean water
Power supply: 230V ~ /50Hz
Alternatives optional, see type plate
Power consumption: 2 x 0.4 kW
Manometers
Intake side pump 1: -1 to 1,5 barDelivery side pump 1: 0 - 6 barIntake side pump 2: -1 - 5 bar
Delivery side pump 2: 0 - 6 barOutflow side: 0 - 10 bar
Pipe connections Ø20 and Ø32 mm
Main dimensions
L x W x H: 1100 x 650 x 695 mm
Weight: approx. 50kg
Connected loads: 230V ~ /50Hz
Alternatives optional, see type plate
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6 Appendix 16