Exam Study Guide

Use with outline notes

1.01 Understand interests, attitudes, and values.

2

Examples of Interests

• Hobbies • Activities• Subjects

1.01 Understand interests, attitudes, and values.

3

Interest Categories

Categories• People• Data• Things• Ideas

Group your interests accordingly.PEOPLE DATA

THINGS IDEAS

1.01 Understand interests, attitudes, and values. 4

Practice Questions - Set 1

1. Watching television, drawing, and reading are all examples of:

A attitudes.B data.C hobbies.D things.

2. Cheerleading, debating, and studying are all examples of:

A activities.B hobbies.C information.D subjects.

3. Hiking, hobbies, and hunting are all examples of:

A data.B interests.C things.D values.

4. Negativity, sadness, and jealousy are all examples of what?

A AttitudesB IdeasC InterestsD Values

1.01 Understand interests, attitudes, and values. 5

How is attitude classified?

• Positive• Negative

• How do positive and negative attitudes affect your outlook on life?

• How can attitude affect the work place?

1.01 Understand interests, attitudes, and values.

6

Types of Values

Relationships – being close to friends and family

Responsibility – being dependable and trustworthy

Achievement – wanting to succeed in whatever you do

Compassion - caring for others

Recognition – wanting to be respected and appreciated.

Courage – overcoming fear to face problems

1.02 Understand personality and learning styles. 7

You’ve got personality!

Personality can be categorized by your:– Actions – Helpful, playful, charming…– Feelings – Happy, sad, glad…– Habits – talk fast when nervous, twirl hair

when thinking..– Thoughts – wishful, positive, negative…..

•What are some other examples?

8 Learning Styles or Multiple Intelligences

1.02 Understand personality and learning styles. 9

Verbal/Linguistic•Definition

• Verbal/Linguistic – related to words and language•Characteristics

• Likes to read books• Listens to and gives oral presentations• Communicates through written and oral messages• Likes discussions and debates• Likes to explain things

•How does this person learn best?• Saying, hearing, and seeing words

1.02 Understand personality and learning styles. 10

Logical/Mathematical•Definition

• Logical/Mathematical – reasoned, precise, accurate•Characteristics

• Likes to conduct experiments• Likes to work with numbers• Likes to explore patterns and relationships• Good at math, problem solving, and reasoning

•How does this person learn best?• Categorizing, classifying, and working with patterns and relationships

1.02 Understand personality and learning styles. 11

Bodily/Kinesthetic•Definition

• Physical activity and movement and awareness through sensory perception – hearing, seeing, smelling, feeling

•Characteristics• Likes to move around, touch, talk, and use body language

• Good at sports, dancing, gymnastics, and crafts•How does this person learn best?

• By touching, moving, interacting with space and processing knowledge through bodily sensations

1.02 Understand personality and learning styles. 12

Visual/Spatial•Definition

• Mental images, seeing, sight

•Characteristics• Likes to draw, build, design, and create• Daydreamer and imaginative• Watches movies and plays computer games• Good at sensing changes• Good at puzzles and mazes and reading charts and graphs

•How does this person learn best?• By visualizing, dreaming, and using colors and pictures

1.02 Understand personality and learning styles. 13

Musical/Rhythmic•Definition

• Sound arranged in patterns, tone, and pitch through music, poetry, color, painting, and photography

•Characteristics• Likes to sing, hum tunes, listen to music, play an instrument• Good at picking up sounds, remembering melodies, noticing pitch, rhythm, and patterns

• Good at keeping time•How does this person learn best?

• Through rhythm, melody, and music

1.02 Understand personality and learning styles. 14

Interpersonal•Definition

• Related to relationships with other people

•Characteristics• Has lots of friends, likes to talk and join groups• Good at understanding people• Good at communicating• Good at mediation (resolving conflict)

•How does this person learn best?• Sharing with others, collaborative groups, and teaching others

1.02 Understand personality and learning styles. 15

Intrapersonal•Definition

• Within self •Characteristics

• Likes to work alone• Reflective and self-aware• Instinctual• Original

•How does this person learn best?• Working alone, individualized projects, and self-paced instruction

1.02 Understand personality and learning styles. 16

Naturalistic•Definition

• Related to nature and the environment•Characteristics

• Likes to work outside• Enjoys geography, weather, learning about the environment• Good at categorizing, organizing, planning, • Interested in preservation and conservation• Likes to work with animals

•How does this person learn best?• By studying nature’s patterns, such as erosion and climate, learning how things work, and cause and effect relationships

Transferable Skills

• Social and Communication • Listening• Problem-Solving• Technology• Decision Making• Organizing and Planning• Teamwork• Adaptability

Personal SkillsPhysicalMentalSocial

2.01 Understand how interests and values influence career choices. 19

Career CategoriesCareers are divided into four broad categories to make

searching for jobs and job descriptions easier.

• Working with People – involves working to benefit people or society. Careers include: teaching, doctor, coaching, law enforcement, social worker, etc.

• Working with Data – involves working with information and numbers. Careers include: accounting, researching, computer programming, etc.

2.01 Understand how interests and values influence career choices. 20

Career Categories (continued)

• Working with Things – involves working with equipment, machines, and tools. Careers include: building, cooking, landscaping, operating machines, etc.

• Working with Ideas – involves working with concepts and ideas. Careers include acting, designing, organizing, writing, etc.

2.01 Understand how interests and values influence career choices. 21

What values are most important?

Creativity Being able to produce or do something original

Recognition Being respected or known for what you do

Independence Being able to work on your own and at your own speed

Job Security Having regular steady work

Variety Being able to do different things

Dr. Holland’s Code to Personality Types

• Realistic –The Doers• Investigative – The Thinkers• Artistic – The Creators• Social – The Helpers• Enterpriser – The Persuaders• Conventional – The Organizers

WORK CATEGORIES

• JOB – WORK DONE TO EARN MONEY• OCCUPATION – SET OF RELATED JOB SKILLS

AND EXPERIENCES• CAREER – A SERIES OF JOBS HELD OVER A

PERIOD OF TIME IN THE SAME OR RELATED FIELD OF INTEREST

• VOLUNTEER - WORK DONE FOR FUN

REASONS WHY PEOPLE WORK

• Money (Income)• Identity• Lifestyle• Satisfaction• Contribution to society

REASONS FOR CHANGE IN THE WORKING WORLD

• Global Economy• Technology• Society• Workplace Trends – see next slide

– Teamwork – people often work in teams rather than independently

– Workforce Diversity – variety of ethnicities in the workplace

– Job Sharing – may not work for the full day 1 position filled by 2 different people.

– Outsourcing – sending jobs outside of company.– Telecommuting – working from home– Flextime – work for longer days, may receive more time

off. Ex: If an employee works M-Th. for 10 hours each day, they can have Friday off.

Work Place Trends Vocabulary

1. Which is an example of how society haschanged the world of work?A Decreased number of grandparents in the workplaceB Decreased number of men in the workplaceC Increased number of adolescents in the workplaceD Increased number of woman in the workplace

2. A female engineer noticed that more womenengineers are in her department than men. Whatworld of work change has contributed to thisincrease?A Global economyB TechnologyC SocietyD Workplace trends

3. An employee worked in the same plant for tenyears. In six months, his/her department willmove overseas. What world of work change hascontributed to this move?A Global economyB TechnologyC SocietyD Workplace trends

4. Ann works for a large company. Her office is inher home. What world of work change has

contributed to this?A Global economyB TechnologyC SocietyD Workplace trends

5. Which is an example of how technology has changed the world of work?

A Availability of onsite childcare facilitiesB Keeping appointments on a BlackberryC More casual dressingD Using a paper calendar

6. Which is an example of how the global economy has changed the world of work?

A Minimum work age is youngerB Most people work at homeC No more weekend workD Required some jobs to be moved overseas

7. Which is an example of how the global economy has changed the world of work?

A Increase in the number of work daysB Many people work from homeC People do not have to travel for workD Telephone assistance from India

Practice Questions Set 2

Practice Questions – Set 31. Which is an example of a workplace trend?A Being a lifelong learnerB Being concernedC Being optimisticD Being the best employee

2. Tom worked as a newspaper deliverer, taxi driver, and waiter. These are examples of which type of work?A JobB OccupationC CareerD Volunteer 3. In six years, Jane worked as a teacher,counselor, and principal. These are examples of which type of work?A JobB OccupationC CareerD Volunteer

4. Kim has been an X-Ray technician, nurse, and surgeon. These are examples of which type of work?A JobB OccupationC CareerD Volunteer 5. Tom donates his time on weekends, feeding the homeless and reading to the elderly. These are examples of which type of work?A JobB OccupationC CareerD Volunteer

TRADITIONAL / NON-TRADITIONAL CAREERS

• Traditional Careers are those careers you would identify as typically “male” or typically “female”.

• Non-traditional Careers arethose that are not thought of as “traditional” male or female.

Practice Questions – Set 41. Which are examples of types of work

grouped by similar careers?A Dentist and surgeonB Receptionist and engineerC Baker and barberD Musician and researcher

2. Which are examples of types of work grouped by similar careers?

A Engineer and eye doctorB Cashier and clerkC Driver and drafterD Scientist and school teacher

3. Which are examples of types of work grouped by common interests?

A Firefighter and farmerB Architect and accountantC Hairstylist and barberD Receptionist and mechanic

4. Which are examples of types of work grouped by career field?

A Coach and umpireB Cook and hairstylistC Funeral director and mathematicianD Electrician and editor

CAREER CLUSTERS

• A CAREER CLUSTER IS A GROUP OF JOBS AND INDUSTRIES THAT ARE SIMILAR.

CAREER CLUSTERS16 National Career Clusters

1. Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resource2. Architecture and Construction3. Arts, Audio/Video Technology, &

Communications4. Business, Management, and Administration5. Education and Training

CLUSTERS (CONT’D)

6. Finance7. Government and Public Administration8. Health Science9. Hospitality and Tourism10.Human Services11.Information Technology

CLUSTERS (CONT’D)

12.Law, Public Safety, and Security13.Manufacturing14.Marketing, Sales, and Service15.Science, Technology, Engineering, and

Mathematics16.Transportation, Distribution, and Logistics

3.02 Understand skills needed for employment success 35

Foundation Skills – Basic • Reading – locates, understands, and interprets written information in

prose and in documents such as manuals, graphs, and schedules

• Writing – communicates thoughts, ideas, information, and messages in writing, and creates documents such as letters, directions, manuals, reports, graphs, and flow charts

• Arithmetic/Mathematics – performs basic computations and approaches practical problems by choosing appropriately from a variety of mathematical techniques

• Listening – receives, attends to, interprets, and responds to verbal messages and other cues

• Speaking – organizes ideas and communicates orally

3.02 Understand skills needed for employment success 36

Thinking Skills Creativity – generates new ideas Decision Making – specifies goals and constraints, generates

alternatives, considers risks, and evaluates and chooses best alternative

Problem Solving – recognizes problems and devises and implements plan of action

Seeing Things in the Mind’s Eye – organizes, and processes symbols, pictures, graphs, objects, and other information

Knowing how to learn – uses efficient learning techniques to acquire and apply new knowledge and skills

Reasoning – discovers a rule or principle underlying the relationship between two or more objects and applies it when solving a problem

3.02 Understand skills needed for employment success 37

Personal Qualities

• Responsibility – exerts a high level of effort and perseveres towards goal attainment

• Self-Esteem – believes in own self-worth and maintains a positive view of self

• Sociability – demonstrates understanding, friendliness, adaptability, empathy, and politeness in group settings

• Self-Management – assesses self accurately, sets personal goals, monitors progress, and exhibits self-control

• Integrity/Honesty – chooses ethical courses of action

Workplace Specific Skills

3.02 Understand skills needed for employment success 39

Resources

• Time – selects goal-relevant activities, ranks them, allocates time, and prepares and follows schedules

• Money – uses or prepares budgets, makes forecasts, keeps records, and makes adjustments to meet objectives

• Material and Facilities – acquires, stores, allocates, and uses materials or space efficiently

• Human Resources – assesses skills and distributes work accordingly, evaluates performance and provides feedback

3.02 Understand skills needed for employment success 40

Interpersonal• Participates as a Member of a Team – contributes to group effort

• Teaches Others New Skills

• Serves Clients/Customers – works to satisfy customers’ expectations

• Exercises Leadership – communicates ideas to justify position, persuades and convinces others, responsibly challenges existing procedures and policies

• Negotiates – works toward agreements involving exchange of resources, resolves divergent interests

• Works with Diversity – works well with men and women from diverse backgrounds

3.02 Understand skills needed for employment success 41

Information• Acquires and Evaluates Information – identifies need for data,

obtains it from existing sources or creates it, and evaluates its relevance and accuracy

• Organizes and Maintains Information – organizes, processes, and maintains written or computerized records and other forms of information in a systematic fashion

• Interprets and Communicates Information – selects and analyzes information and communicates the results to others using oral, written, graphic, pictorial, or multimedia methods

• Uses Computers to Process Information – employs computers to acquire, organize, analyze, and communicate information

3.02 Understand skills needed for employment success 42

Systems

• Understands Systems – knows how social, organizational, and technological systems work and operates effectively with them

• Monitors and Corrects Performance – distinguishes trends, predicts impacts on system operations, diagnoses deviations in systems’ performance and corrects malfunctions

• Improves or Designs Systems – suggests modifications to existing systems and develops new or alternative systems to improve performance

3.02 Understand skills needed for employment success 43

Technology

• Selects Technology – chooses procedures, tools, or equipment including computers and related technologies

• Applies Technology to Task – understands overall intent and proper procedure for setup and operation of equipment

• Maintains and Troubleshoots Equipment – prevents, identifies, or solves problems with equipment, including computers and other technologies

44

1. Preparing budgets and repairing cars are both examples of:A basic skills.B interpersonal skills.C systems skills.D workplace-specific skills.

2. Directing air planes, performing surgery, and designing bridges are all examples of:A basic skills.B foundation skills.C transferable skills.D workplace-specific skills.

3. Which is an example of using an interpersonal skill?A Playing an instrumentB Researching problemsC Serving as a class officerD Singing a solo

4. Making work schedules, taking X-rays, andupdating computer systems are classified astypes of:A basic skills.B foundation skills.C personal qualities.D workplace-specific skills.

5. Picking out clothes to wear, writing songs, and doing an experiment are examples of whatfoundation skills category?A BasicB Personality qualitiesC SocialD Thinking

6. Playing with friends, being a club president, and doing chores are examples of what foundation skills category?A BasicB Personal qualitiesC ThinkingD Writing

Practice Questions - Set 5

Transferable Skills• Communication/Social/Listening

– Includes speaking, writing, and interpersonal skills.

• Flexibility/Adaptability– Demonstrates willingness to change course or

adapt to new rules. Also, “open minded”

• Teamwork– Becoming skilled at sharing responsibility and

work with others. Add value to the groups efforts.

3.02 Understand skills needed for employment success 45

• Organizing and Planning• Leadership

– Demonstrating the ability to organize people, assist, and guide them.

• Technology• Problem Solving & Decision Making

3.02 Understand skills needed for employment success 46

Transferable Skills Book

Practice Questions – Set 6 (1-10)

47

1. Defining, investigating, and researching are classified as types of:A. adaptability skills.B. interpersonal skills.C. problem-solving skills.D. writing skills.

2. Note Taking, scheduling parties, and sorting mail are classified as types of:E. adaptability skills.F. communication skills.G. organizing and planning skills.H. resource skills.

3. Which is an example of using teamwork skills to make work more effective?I. Conducting an experimentJ. Developing a project with a group of coworkers.K. Emailing informationL. Researching

4. Being on time to meetings, being a team player, and being flexible on the job are examples of:A. basic skills.B. interpersonal skills.C. organizing skills.D. transferable skills.

5. Being a good listener, keeping an open mind, and resolving conflicts on the job are examples of:E. adaptability skills.F. basic skills.G. organizing skills.H. transferable skills.

6. Which is an example of using listening skills to make work more effective?I. Organizing paperworkJ. Reading chartsK. Taking telephone messagesL. Writing company letters

48

7. Which is an example of using problem-solving skills to make work more effective?A Editing a documentB Creating work plansC Talking with a co-worker about a disagreementD Trading offices

8. Joining a club, helping with a fundraiser, & sharing club duties are all examples of:A adaptability skills.B basic skills.C math skills.D teamwork skills.

9. Counting change, doing homework, & debating are all examples of:A adaptability skills.B basic skills.C organizing skills.D people skills.

10. Which is an example of using adaptability skills to make work more effective?A Agreeing to work later than scheduledB Complaining about a new work scheduleC Organizing filesD Typing reports

4.01 Understand where to seek employment. 49

Resources Used to Seek Employment

Networking

Internet Printed Resources

4.01 Understand where to seek employment. 50

Networking Resources

• Career Fairs - potential employers

• Community Members – businesses, community programs, religious organizations

• Family and Friends – parents, siblings, neighbors

• School Resources - clubs, CTSOs, staff

Click here to go back

4.01 Understand where to seek employment. 51

Printed Resources

• Newspapers – want ads

• Bulletin Boards – job postings

• Help Wanted Signs – Advertisements in store windows

Click here to go back

4.01 Understand where to seek employment. 52

Internet Resources

• Career Specific

• Company Specific

• General Job Search

• Location Specific

Click here to go back

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 53

Employment Documents

Job ApplicationResumeCover LetterThank you letter

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 54

Job Application Why is it important?

A Job Application is more than just a piece of paper. It provides employers with the first impression of a potential employee. An application that is sloppy or contains inaccurate information will always end up in the trash.

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 55

Job Application What is the purpose?

• Provides personal data, education, and work history • Demonstrates ability to read and follow simple

directions• Demonstrates ability to write neatly, spell, and provide

clear and concise descriptions of work history and education

• To verify honesty

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 56

Employment Documents

Job ApplicationResumeCover LetterThank you letter

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 57

Job Application Why is it important?

A Job Application is more than just a piece of paper. It provides employers with the first impression of a potential employee. An application that is sloppy or contains inaccurate information will always end up in the trash.

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 58

Job Application What is the purpose?

• Provides personal data, education, and work history • Demonstrates ability to read and follow simple

directions• Demonstrates ability to write neatly, spell, and provide

clear and concise descriptions of work history and education

• To verify honesty

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 59

The Interview What is the purpose?

• Most important step in the employment processApplicant’s opportunity to

Showcase self and qualificationsLearn about opportunities for advancementLearn about the employer’s management styleLearn about the expectations of the job

• Employer’s opportunity to:– Assess the applicant’s personality, motivation, knowledge,

and work ethic– Determine if the applicant is a “right fit” for the company

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 60

Types of Interviews• Formal – Face-to-face (F2F) meeting of applicant and

employer• Group - Sometimes called a panel or “tag team” interview

– Conducted by an employer and one or more staff members– Applicant is asked questions by all team members– Measures how applicant interacts with different people– Tests how applicant handles stress

• Informational - Initiated by the jobseeker – Get advice/information from employer people in career field– Network for job leads and referrals– Make first impression with employer

• Telephone – Often used to screen applicants and determine which applicants warrant a F2F interview

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 61

Before the interview…• Research the company and industry• Plan and practice:

– an introduction of yourself– what to say about your skills, knowledge, abilities,

experience and goals– a list of questions to ask

• Select appropriate attire• Prepare a résumé (if needed)• Make a list of references (with permission)• Plan to go alone• Print directions (if needed)

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 62

During the interview…

• Arrive on time – not too early or late• Exhibit confidence and positive attitude• Speak clearly• Give firm handshake• Display appropriate body language

– eye contact– hand gestures– active listening

• Sell yourself and qualifications• Be truthful• Answer and ask questions • Thank the interviewer for the interview

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 63

After the interview

• Follow up with a thank you letter– Shows employer that you are interested in the job– Opportunity to clarify something you said or forgot to say

during the interview• Guidelines

– Keep it short and error free– Thank interviewer for taking time to talk with you– Restate your interest in the job and why you’d be an asset to

the company– Use personal business letter format – Send no later than two days after the interview

• Be persistent, but not a pest

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 64

Résumé – What is the purpose?

• Summarizes applicant’s qualifications

• Provides personal data, education, work history, and reference information

• Stimulates interest of employer

• Determines if applicant is worth interviewing

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 65

Résumé Guidelines for Keying

• Limit it to one page, if possible

• Showcase skills and qualifications, but be honest

• Use reverse chronological order for education and work experience

• Use “action verbs” such as created, designed

• Use present tense in describing a current job and past tense for others

• Get permission to use names as references

• Key and proofread carefully

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 66

Résumé Components• Personal Data – Name, address, phone number, e-mail • Objective – Position applied for• Education – Schools attended or currently attending,

specialized subjects or programs, graduation dates (or expected graduation date)

• Work experience/volunteer work – Employment history, volunteer positions, apprenticeships

• Skills and abilities – Job-related skills and abilities• Honors and Activities – Honors, awards, activities that

indicate leadership and teamwork ability or relate to position • References – May include statement indicating that

references are available upon request

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 67

Cover Letter What is the purpose?

• To introduce the applicant to the potential employer

• To explain reason for applying• To describe qualifications• To request an interview• To complement the résumé

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 68

Cover Letter Guidelines for Keying

• Must be keyed in 11 or 12 pt font

• Must be error-free

• Address to a specific person, avoid Dear Sir

• Content should be clear and concise

• Letter should be brief

• Use personal business letter format

• Use high quality paper

4.02 Understand how to apply, interview, and make a career plan for the future. 69

Cover Letter Components

• Paragraph 1 – What position you are applying for and how you found out about the job

• Paragraph 2 – Why you should be hired. Information about your qualifications and experience.

• Paragraph 3 – Request an interview and provide contact information

Practice Questions – Set 71. Pat wants to work at a store. The employer needs to know what job Pam is interested in, the date that she can start, and the names of her references. Which employment document should she complete?

A Cover letterB Job applicationC Reference letterD Résumé

2. Which is an example of information that Mya should list in the “References” section of a job application?

A CounselorB Ms. AngieC Robert WhiteD Swim coach

3. Which is an example of information that Tarashould list in the “Employment Desired” sectionof a job application?

A Bombay High SchoolB City grocery storeC Member of science clubD Web page designer

4. Which is an example of what to do when completing a job application?

A Check it for errorsB Copy it on colored paperC Decorate it neatlyD Post it on the employer’s door

5. Which is an example of what to do when completing a job

application?A Alter informationB Complete it with a pencilC Take your time completing itD Use abbreviations only

6. Which is an example of what to do if a mistakeis made when completing a job application?

A Complete another applicationB Draw a line through a mistakeC Ignore the mistake

D Write over the mistake

7. Which is an example of why an employer requires applicants to complete job applications?

A Get employee’s birth dateB Know what an employee likesC Know employee’s businessD See how well an employee reads.

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