Post on 25-Dec-2015
Europe
Notes on Europe
• Spain: Latin America, bullfights,tourism, festivals • Germany: WWII, BMW, Oktoberfest, Berlin Wall
• Summary:
• V
Europe • Celts-Druids• Greece• Roman Empire• Roman Catholic Church• Knights, castles and wars
with the Middle East (Crusades)
• Renaissance • Artistic movements –
Classical Music• Colonization/Imperialism• W.W.I • W.W.II• Divided Europe (Berlin Wall) • EU (European Union) Euro
United Kingdom (U.K.) England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland
a.k.a. Great Britain
Great Britain
• Royal Family• Colonized the world ( the whole world
speaks English)• USA ‘s mother country• Winner WWII• USA ‘s best friend• World power both economically and
militarily
World Leaders
Strongest Militaries
• 1. USA• 2. Russia• 3. China• 4. India• 5. United Kingdom• 6. France
Largest Economies
• 1.USA• 2.China• 3.Japan• 4.Germany• 5.France • 6.United Kingdom• 7.Brazil
Catholic(follow the Pope)- Protestants are churches that “protested” against the Pope and started
their own churches
Ireland
Scandinavian countries: Denmark (Danes) Norway,
Sweden, Finland
Vikings: Leif Ericson sails to America (Canada) around the year 1000 A.D. (about 500 years before
Columbus)
France
Germany (Duetchland)
EUROPE: after W.W.II
Switzerland
Austria
Austria/Australia
Austria
Australia
Vatican City: Center of the Catholic Church. Smallest country in the world. Home to hundreds of pieces
of Renaissance art
PORTUGAL
GREECE
• All male citizens regardless of wealth could participate
• Equal protection under the law
• All could serve on assembly
• Assembly elects the generals
• Members served as the juries
• Could vote to Ostracize
EUROPE: after W.W.II
Poland
Similarities: Eastern European countries
• Fertile river valleys (Danube)• Much agriculture• Mining• Heavy industry (iron, coal,
natural gas)• Not much Tourism• Invaded in W.W.II• Soviet Union forced
communism on them from 1945-1989
• Government Control of Media Secret police, atheism, no foreign travel, barbed wire
• Pollution• Economies behind countries in
western Europe due to the 45 years of communism
Romania
The Balkans: The “powder keg” of Europe
-Lots of different countries-Lots of different religions
-Lots of fighting
Karl Marx• German political writer 1818-1883• Disgusted by the living and working
conditions of the poor factory workers• Writer of a book entitled the
“Communist Manifesto”• Ideas included: throughout history
there have been class struggles between the rich (bourgeoisie) and the workers (proletariat)
• said that the rich would always use capitalism to write laws to stay in power
• Said that the workers of the world need to unite together and have a revolution to overthrow capitalism
• The communist leaders would then set up a “communist system where all private ownership would be abolished
• All factories and farmland would be owned by the state (government) or in common
• In this system everyone would have a job, adequate housing, healthcare, access to education, in essence be equal
Capitalism Communism (socialism)
• Individuals (private citizens) own the means of production i.e. Phelps/Dodge mining company, Ford Motor Company, Nike, Coca Cola, Southwest Airlines, McDonalds, Hilton hotels, apartment complexes, thousands of acres of farmland, basically everything
• Private individuals own the housing so people have to pay rent or buy
• Private citizens own the hospitals or insurance companies so you have to pay for healthcare
• Many schools are private - Harvard, Stanford, Duke University so students have to pay thousands in tuition
• Banks loan money so you can borrow “capital” to start your own business and make millions
• Winners (rich) Losers (poor)• The rich influence lawmakers to stay
in power• It is very hard for the workers to go to
college, borrow money so some say that the system is unfair
• Government or state control the factories (government controls all trains, mining, factories, restaurants, hotels, etc.) workers work for the government
• Government owns all housing so no one is homeless
• Government owns all the hospitals – free healthcare
• Government controls all schools – free tuition
• No banks, no advertising, no commercials because no one is trying to become rich
• you can’t own your own company and then create a chain of stores to become rich
• No one is motivated to become rich so they don’t make thousands of stores – so there aren’t lots of things to buy
• Think of the cereal aisle in an American grocery store – in a communist country Cuba) there might be only white boxes that read “Corn Flakes”
From SOVIET UNION (USSR) to RUSSIA
Russia/ SOVIET UNION
Russia 900-1917 Soviet Union 1917-1991
Russia 1991-present
Countries created since the break-up of the Soviet Union
EU (European Union)