Enzymes: “Helper” Protein molecules

2009-2010Regents Biology

Enzymes:

“Helper” Protein molecules

Regents Biology

Flow of energy through life Life is built on chemical reactions

Regents Biology

Chemical reactions of life Processes of life

______________ molecules ______________

Regents Biology

Nothing works without enzymes! How important are enzymes?

____________________________________________________________________ building molecules

___________________

breaking down molecules ___________________

__________________________________ “catalysts”

enzyme

enzymeWe can’t live

without enzymes!

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Examples __________________

__________________

enzyme

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Enzymes are proteins ____________________________________

____________________________________ each enzyme needs to be the ___________

for the job enzymes are named for the reaction

they help ___________ breaks down ___________ ___________ breakdown ___________ ___________ breakdown ___________ ___________ builds ___________

Oh, I get it!They end

in -ase

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Enzymes aren’t used up ____________________________________

used only temporarily re-used again for the same reaction with

other molecules very little enzyme needed to help in many

reactions

____________

____________ ____________

____________

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It’s shape that matters! _______________________

________________allows enzyme &substrate to fit

____________________________ ____________________________

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Enzyme vocabulary _________________

helper protein molecule _________________

molecule that enzymes work on _________________________

what the enzyme helps produce from the reaction

_________________ part of enzyme

that substrate molecule fits into

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What affects enzyme action _______________________________

correct order of amino acids _______________________________

_______________________ _______________________________

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Order of amino acids _______________________________________

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Temperature Effect on rates of enzyme activity

_________________________ greatest number of collisions between

enzyme & substrate human enzymes =

___________________________________ _________________________

_________________________________ _________________________

molecules move slower decrease collisions

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Temperature

temperature

What’s happening here?!

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How do cold-blooded creatures do it?

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pH Effect on rates of enzyme activity

____________________________________ ____________________________________

depends on where in body pepsin (stomach) = pH 3 trypsin (small intestines) = pH 8

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20 1 3 4 5 6 8 9 10

stomachpepsin

intestinestrypsin

What’s happening here?!

11 12 13 14

2009-2010Regents Biology

For enzymes…What matters?__________!

Enzymes: “Helper” Protein molecules

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