England Moves toward Representative Government

The Rights of Englishmen are Secured1600-1689

Setting the Stage1600

• Frequent Conflicts between Queen Elizabeth and Parliament:

• Elizabeth dies without a direct heir

Debt issuesWar with SpainReligion (Catholic v Protestants

Monarch clashes with Parliament

• ScotlandStuart FamilyCousin of ElizabethCatholic• Source of Conflicts:

James I (1603-1625)

-James believed in Divine Right-Limited rights of ordinary Englishman

(Protestants)

Monarch clashes with Parliament• ScotlandStuart FamilySon of JamesCatholic/Arrogant• Source of Conflicts:

Charles I (1625-1649)

-Divine Right/Money for wars-Tries to dissolve Parliament-Try to resist Parliament’s efforts to restrict his power

• Must have Cause to arrest citizens• Could not house soldiers

Charles is forced to Signed Petition of Rights

• Cannot tax without Parliament’s Consent

English Civil War

English Civil WarCavaliers or Royalists

Supporters of the King/Divine Right

Nobility/Wealthy

North and West

Catholic

Cavalry

English Civil WarRoundheads

-Supporters of Parliament

-Commoners/Middle Class-demanded rights

-South and East

-Puritan (Protestant)

-Foot Soldiers in New Model Army

Use p. 157Far Left Map: December 1642

Shade:Puritan Controlled Areas

Royalist/Cavalier Controlled Areas

Label:ScotlandIrelandEnglandLondon

Results of War1649

• Roundheads are victorious• Charles I was executed• Oliver Cromwell—leader of New Model Army

rules England for 10 years (1649-1659)-Lord Protector

-Strict Puritan Laws: outlawed…

-No Monarchy, but few rights http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O4b0G_

auKCI&NR=1&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

Alcohol, gambling, theater

Restoration Period1660

• Cromwell Dies

• New Kings are restored:

• Habeas Corpus was provided:

• Conflicts return

Charles II JamesII1660-1685 1685-1688

Right to Fair Trial

James II tried to reestablishDivine right. Parliament successfully resists

Glorious or Bloodless Revolution1688

• James II was forced to step down• William and Mary are invited to the throne

• English Bill of Rights was adopted in

Netherland RoyaltyServe as Constitutional Monarchs

-Limits power of Monarch

-Free Speech and Religion

Parliament is Supreme

1689

No heir, rights yet to be decided

Believed in divine rightBelieved in divine right

Cause to arrest, no tax without consent

Support king

Support Parliament/commoners

Habeas CorpusParliament resists divine right

Constitutional Monarchs/Bill of Rights