Post on 19-May-2018
1Copyright @CRIEPI, All rights reserved, 2007
October 19, 2007
Jun Inumaru
Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
Energy Strategies of Japan- The Role of Clean Coal Technologies-
CRIEPI Seminar on Environmental Policy
2Copyright @CRIEPI, All rights reserved, 2007
CRIEPI Seminar on Environmental Policy
Presentation Overview
� Coal resources situation in Asia and in the world
� Energy resources and power generation in Japan
� Japan’s new coal policy toward 2030� Development of Clean Coal Technology
� Development of IGCC demonstration plant in Japan
� CRIEPI’s activity to develop IGCC Technology
� CCS (CO2 Capture and Storage) as option in the future
3Copyright @CRIEPI, All rights reserved, 2007
(Sources:World Energy Council 2004)
Recoverable Reserves of Energy Resources
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
COAL OIL Natural Gas
Bituminous
Lignite
Rec
ove
rab
le R
eser
ves
(bill
ion
to
nes
of
Oil
Eq
uiv
alen
t)
Res
erve
s / P
rod
uct
ion
rat
io
(yea
rs)
Recoverable Reserves
R / P ratio
Sub-Bituminous
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Sources: Survey of Energy Resources / World Energy Council 1998
Proved Recoverable Researves of Coal in the World at End-1996(unit : billion tones of bituminous coal equivalent )
Australia 69.3
Indonesia3.5
Asia & Pacific region exclude China,India,Australia,Indonesia 41.3
India73.7
China92.2
Russian Federation
127.5Middle East
0.2
South Africa55.3
Africa 6.0
Europe112.3
North America212.6
South America18.1
Total World (billion tones)
Bituminous
509.597.9
Lignite
bituminous209.3
Sub-
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Distribution of Proved Reserves(Sources: BP Statistical Review of Word Energy 2006)
0%0%0%0%
20%20%20%20%
40%40%40%40%
60%60%60%60%
80%80%80%80%
100%100%100%100%
OilOilOilOil NaturalNaturalNaturalNaturalGasGasGasGas
CoalCoalCoalCoal
Asia PacficAsia PacficAsia PacficAsia Pacfic
AfricaAfricaAfricaAfrica
Middle EastMiddle EastMiddle EastMiddle East
Europa & EurasiaEuropa & EurasiaEuropa & EurasiaEuropa & Eurasia
S. & Cent. AmericaS. & Cent. AmericaS. & Cent. AmericaS. & Cent. America
North AmericaNorth AmericaNorth AmericaNorth America
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● Consumption of Coal in the world : 4.0 billion ton in 2004 6.1 billion ton in 2030 Asia: 53% Asia: 61%North America: 20% North America: 20%Europe: 20% Europe: 14%Others: 7% Others: 5%
● Consumption of Coal in Asia : 2.1 billion ton in 2004 3.7 billion ton in 2030China: 67% China: 62%India: 13% India: 17% Japan: 8% Japan: 4%Korea: 3% Korea: 3% Others: 9% Others: 14%
(Sources: IEEJ, Asia/World Energy Outlook 2006)
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Lifecycle Assessment CO2 Emissions Intensity by Sources in Japan
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Trend of Annual Power Generation by Energy Sourcesin Japan
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New Coal Policy toward 2030
Japanese government proposed New coal policy toward 2030to promote Clean Coal Technology in 2004 .
Activity of Electric Power Company
-- Promote high-efficiency use-- Reduce/utilize environmentally harmful byproducts-- Cultivate new possibilities of coal utilization -- Expand supply potential of coal-- Improve efficient procurement of coal
Five Basic Directions
-- Develop high-efficiency power generation systems, such as USC, IGCC and IGFC
-- Promote utilization of biomass by co-fireing in pulverized coal power plant
11Copyright @CRIEPI, All rights reserved, 2007Development of Coal Coal Technology in Japan
USC: Ultra Super CriticalPFBC:Pressurized Fluidized BedIGCC:Integrated coal Gasification
Combined CycleA-: Advanced
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Future aspect of thermal efficiency in coal utilization power generation system
(LHV)
60
55
50
45
40
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Conceptual Drawing of 250MW IGCC Demonstration Plant
Air Separation Unit
Turbine Train
Gasifier
Gas Cleanup
(Sources: Clean Coal Power R&D Co. )
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Schedule of IGCCDemonstration Plant Project
Fiscal year
DemonstrationPlant Tests
EnvironmentalImpact
Assessment
2001 2002 20042003 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Design of plant Construction of plant Operation tests
SpecificationCoal Capacity: 1700 tons/day Emission Level:SOx / NOx / PMs:
Cross Output: 250 MW 8ppm / 5ppm / 4mg/m N
Net thermal Efficiency: 42%(LHV)
3
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CRIEPI’s Activity to develop IGCC technologyusing a bench scale gasifier
Gas Receiver & Feed Facility
Coal Gasifier
Waste Gas Treatment
Facility
Coal Pre-treatment
Facility
•Capacity::::2.4 T/D•Pressure::::2 MPa•Operation::::1983-1995•Tested Coal::::Over 20 types•Development of Air-blown
Entrained Flow Gasifier
Gasifier Type::::Pressurized Entrained FlowFuel Feed::::Dry Feed SystemFuel Capacity::::3 T/DOperating Pressure::::2 MPaFuel Types::::Coal(Including Low Rank Coal)Gasifying Agent::::Air, Oxygen, Steam
Specifications of 3T/D New Coal Gasifier
CRIEPI has been carrying out a series of R&D including the experiments using 2.4 T/D coal gasifier 1983-1995 in order to support the design and operation of IGCC Pilot Plant (200 T/D).
CRIEPI constructed the new gasifier to develop advanced IGCC technologies required to commercialize IGCC.
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CRIEPI’s Numerical Simulation Technology for Coal
Gasifier to support IGCC demonstration project
�Numerical simulation makes it possible to predict the physical values which are hard-to-measured.
�Numerical simulation results show good agreement with experimental results.
char gasificationreaction
particletransport
gas phasereaction
buoyant force
gravity force
drag force
particle adhesiondeterminat ion
radiation
pyrolytic reaction
air
volatilegas burner
char gasificationreaction
particletransport
gas phasereaction
buoyant force
gravity force
drag force
particle adhesiondeterminat ion
radiation
pyrolytic reaction
air
volatilegas burner
Temp. Concentration Particle path
Numerical Simulation of 2.4T/D Gasifier
Co
ld g
as e
ffic
ienc
y %
Air ratio
Co
ld g
as e
ffic
ienc
y %
Air ratio
H2CO
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CCS (CO2 Capture and Storage) as option in the future
(Sources: HP of RITE)
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CO2 capture technologies
1111....Post CombustionPost CombustionPost CombustionPost Combustion1111....Post CombustionPost CombustionPost CombustionPost Combustion
2. 2. 2. 2. OxyOxyOxyOxy----fuel Combustionfuel Combustionfuel Combustionfuel Combustion2. 2. 2. 2. OxyOxyOxyOxy----fuel Combustionfuel Combustionfuel Combustionfuel Combustion
3. 3. 3. 3. Pre CombustionPre CombustionPre CombustionPre Combustion3. 3. 3. 3. Pre CombustionPre CombustionPre CombustionPre Combustion
Coal
Bo
iler
Gas
trea
tmen
t u
nits
CO
2 se
para
tor
Air
CO2
Stack
CO
2C
om
p.Coal
Bo
iler
Gas
trea
tmen
t u
nits
CO
2 se
para
tor
Air
CO2
Stack
CO
2C
om
p.
Coal
O2
CO2
Gas
trea
tmen
t u
nitsB
oile
r
CO
2C
om
p.
Coal
O2
CO2
Gas
trea
tmen
t u
nitsB
oile
r
CO
2C
om
p.
Coal
Gas
ifie
r
Gas
C
lean
-up
Air/ O2
CO2S
hift
C
on
ver
ter Gas Turbine
Shift Reaction:CO+H2O→H2+CO2C
O2 se
para
tor
CO
2C
om
p.Coal
Gas
ifie
r
Gas
C
lean
-up
Air/ O2
CO2S
hift
C
on
ver
ter Gas Turbine
Shift Reaction:CO+H2O→H2+CO2C
O2 se
para
tor
CO
2C
om
p.
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Thermal efficiency and power generation cost of CO2 Capture System
Generation Coal-fired IGCC Oxy-fuel IGCCmin max min max +SOFC
Efficiency[%]※ 41 45 38 47Generation cost[US$/MWh] 43 52 41 61
Capture MEA, KS-1 Selexol Oxy-fuel Oxy-fuelCO2recovery[%] 85 90 85 91 91 95Efficiency[%]※ 30 35 31 40 35 61Generation cost[US$/MWh] 62 86 54 79 61 54CO2recovery cost[US$/tCO2] 23 35 11 32 - -
Non-CO2Capture
CO2Capture
IPCC Special Report on Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage 2005/12 Cambridge Univ. Pr.
※ Efficiency :LHV Excluding CO2 transport and storage cost