Endocrine System

6. 6.5 continued

Define:Homeostasis• Defined as the maintenance of the body’s internal

environment (blood and interstitial fluid) between specific limits.

• Endocrine System contributions to homeostasis

• Parameters include:– Temperature– Blood pH– Glucose levels– Water balance (osmoregulation)– Hormone levels– CO2 & O2 levels….etc

State that the endocrine system consist of glands that release hormones that are transported in the

blood

Explain that homeostasis involves monitoring levels of variables and correcting changes in levels by Negative

Feedback Mechanisms

Explain the control of body temperature, including the transfer of heat by the blood, and the roles of the hypothalamus, sweat glands, skin arterioles and

shivering

Temp control images

Explain the control of blood glucose concentration, including the roles of glucagon, insulin and alpha

and beta cells of the pancreatic islets

Distinguish between type I and type II diabetes

Diabetes mellitus:a disorder in which blood sugar (glucose) levels are abnormally high

• Type 1• Onset: usually during

childhood• BETA-cells produce

insufficient insulin• Diet alone can not

control the condition

• Type 2• Onset: usually after

childhood• Target cells become

insensitive to insulin• Low carb. Diet can help

control the condition