EKG - Basic Interpretation EKG - Basic Interpretation and ACLS Preparationand ACLS Preparation

Dr. Jorge L. Martinez RodriguezDr. Jorge L. Martinez RodriguezCed. Prof. 6785069Ced. Prof. 6785069

San Diego County EMS San Diego County EMS AEMT Certification #: B2041032AEMT Certification #: B2041032

Chapter I: Anatomy and Physiology of the Chapter I: Anatomy and Physiology of the

HeartHeart

Why we studing EKG???Why we studing EKG??? Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S.Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S. High Blood Pressure is the major risk for heart disease, stroke High Blood Pressure is the major risk for heart disease, stroke

ands end - stage renal disease.ands end - stage renal disease. About 950,000 americans die of cardiovascular disease each About 950,000 americans die of cardiovascular disease each

year.year. Americans die of heart disease in an emergency department or Americans die of heart disease in an emergency department or

before reaching a hospital each year.before reaching a hospital each year. Almost one fourth of the american population has some form of Almost one fourth of the american population has some form of

cardiovascular disease.cardiovascular disease. Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of premature, Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of premature,

permanent disability among working adults.permanent disability among working adults. Cardiac dysrhythmias cause cardiac arrest.Cardiac dysrhythmias cause cardiac arrest. A resuscitation effort requiere of four critical tasks: airway A resuscitation effort requiere of four critical tasks: airway

management, chest compression, management, chest compression, EKG monitoring, EKG monitoring, interpretation and defibrillationinterpretation and defibrillation and vascular access with and vascular access with drugs administration.drugs administration.

As you can see from these statistics, the likelihood of As you can see from these statistics, the likelihood of encountering a patient who needs medical care is high.encountering a patient who needs medical care is high.

Division of the Mediastinum:Division of the Mediastinum:

Chambers of the Heart:Chambers of the Heart:

Valves in the Heart:Valves in the Heart:

Cardiac Auscultation – Valve - Beats:Cardiac Auscultation – Valve - Beats:

Coronary Circulation:Coronary Circulation:

The Normal EKGThe Normal EKG

The EKG must have the 5 waves: P, QRS and The EKG must have the 5 waves: P, QRS and T wave.T wave.

P wave positive in all derivations, except in P wave positive in all derivations, except in AVR, where the P wave is negative.AVR, where the P wave is negative.

QRS wave is following of P wave. QRS QRS wave is following of P wave. QRS Positive in D1, D2, AVL, AVF and in Positive in D1, D2, AVL, AVF and in precordial leads from V1-V6 goes in precordial leads from V1-V6 goes in transitional zone.transitional zone.

T wave is positive in all derivation, except in T wave is positive in all derivation, except in AVR, also T wave can be negative in V1 and AVR, also T wave can be negative in V1 and V2 in women and child.V2 in women and child.

ST segment must be isoelectric.ST segment must be isoelectric.

Normal EKGNormal EKG

Normal ECGNormal ECG

What type of MI is that?What type of MI is that?

What type of MI is that?What type of MI is that?

What type of MI is that?What type of MI is that?

What type of MI is that?What type of MI is that?

Acute MIAcute MI

Extensive MIExtensive MI

Practices MI ECG’s:Practices MI ECG’s: What type of MI is that?What type of MI is that?

Myocardial Ischemia:Myocardial Ischemia: ST segment depression or symetric T wave inversionsST segment depression or symetric T wave inversions

This is the End of the First Part…This is the End of the First Part…

I will see you next week…I will see you next week…

Thank you for your Attention…Thank you for your Attention…