EBOLAPresented by: Jennifer Savariau-Morris

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EBOLA• What is Ebola• Etiology of Ebola• Types of Ebola• How is Ebola Contracted• Signs and Symptoms of Ebola• Treatment for Ebola• Precautionary measures for Ebola

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EBOLAWhat is Ebola Ebola Virus Disease, (also called Ebola

Haemorrhagic Fever or Ebola) is a severe, often-fatal disease in humans.

EBOLAWhat is Ebola

It was first recognized in 1976. Ebola is named after a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in Africa, where it was first recognized.It is highly infectiousKills up to 90% of infected persons.

EBOLAEtiology of Ebola

In Africa, infection has been through the handling of infected animals (chimpanzees, gorillas, fruit bats, monkeys, pigs, forest antelopes and porcupines) found ill, dead or alive in the rainforest.

EBOLATypes of Ebola

There are five distinct species of Ebola virus 4 of which cause the disease in humans.

• Zaire • Sudan• Tai Forest• Bundibugyo

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How is Ebola ContractedDirect Contact

Transmission with contact with:Blood Body fluids (saliva, urine, vomitus,

semen, sweat)Other (stool, sputum, droplet from

coughs and sneezes)

EBOLAHow is Ebola Contracted

Indirect ContactContact with objects that have been

contaminated such as :RazorsNeedlesSoiled clothing/ bed linen

EBOLAHow is Ebola Contracted

Direct or indirect contact from human to human is viabroken skin - cuts, bruises etc. or mucous membranes of the eyes, mouth and nose

EBOLASigns and Symptoms of Ebola

The incubation period for Ebola is 2 to 21 daysEarly Signs

Sudden onset of fever (≥ 38.6 ⁰C)Intense tirednessMalaiseHeadacheJoint Pains

EBOLASigns and Symptoms of Ebola

Early Signs and SymptomsAbdominal PainsThroat PainDiarrhoea (with or without blood)Loss of AppetiteHiccupsConjunctivitis (Red Eyes)

EBOLASigns and Symptoms of Ebola

Late Signs and SymptomsConfusion and IrritabilitySeizuresVomiting (sometimes bloody)Diarrhoea (watery or bloody)Skin RashInternal and External Bleeding

EBOLASigns and Symptoms of Ebola

Late Signs and SymptomsShockRespiratory DistressChest PainMiscarriage in pregnant women

Prognosis poor - Death

EBOLATreatment for Ebola

There is no specific licensed treatment for EbolaTreatment is supportiveMaintaining Kidney functionElectrolyte balanceCombating excessive bleeding and shock

EBOLAImmunity

People who recover from Ebola develop antibodies to combat future infections lasting up to ten years.

EBOLAPreventative Measures for Ebola

Avoid contact with blood and body fluidsWash hands and exposed skin surfaces with detergentReport any suspected cases of Ebola to the MOH IMMEDIATELYDo not attempt to treat or transport suspected casesKeep persons suspected of having Ebola away from everyone else

EBOLAPreventative Measures for EbolaUnderstand the nature of the disease, how it is transmitted, and how to prevent it from spreading further. Listen to and follow directives issued by your country’s respective Ministry of Health.

EBOLASelf Exposure

If you or an associate were exposed, self quarantine is necessaryInform the authorities that you may have been exposed and continue to monitor yourself for signs of EbolaDo not travel from place to place to expose others

EBOLADead Bodies

Avoid contact with blood and body fluids of a dead personReport any death suspected/ known to be caused by Ebola to the MOH IMMEDIATELYDo not attempt to remove the bodyDo not clean area unless provided with the necessary gear and advised how to clean

EBOLATravel History

Avoid travel to infected areasReport persons who have returned to Jamaica from infected areas

EBOLASurfaces

Ebola can be easily eliminated with heat, alcohol- based products, Sodium Hypochlorite (Bleach), or Calcium Hypochlorite (bleaching powder)

EBOLAEmergency Numbers to Call• National IHR Focal Point – 822- 2222• MOH NEOC – 1-888-663-5683, 922- 8619,

922- 8622• Director of EDMSSB – 317- 8887

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QuestionsAnyone