Dynamic Environments of the Future

Mr. Keith SeamanSenior Adviser, Command and Control Modeling and Simulation

Office of Warfighting Integration and Chief Information Officer

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"We better be prepared to "We better be prepared to dominate the skies above the dominate the skies above the

surface of the earth or be prepared surface of the earth or be prepared to be buried beneath it."to be buried beneath it."

General Carl A. "Tooey" Spaatz General Carl A. "Tooey" Spaatz

11stst AF Chief of Staff AF Chief of Staff

““If you want to go anywhere in If you want to go anywhere in modern war, in the air, on the sea, modern war, in the air, on the sea,

on the land, you must have on the land, you must have command of the air.”command of the air.”

Admiral William “Bull” HalseyAdmiral William “Bull” Halsey

We Exist to DOMINATEWe Exist to DOMINATE Air, Space and Cyberspace for America Air, Space and Cyberspace for America

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Win the Global War on Terror Recapitalize/Modernize Care for Airmen

Our Mission… …deliver sovereign options for the defense of the U.S. and its interests – in air, space, and cyberspace.”

Everything is done in context ofEverything is done in context of JointnessJointness

Guided by Three Priorities

Failure is not an option…Can’t afford to re-learn lessons!Failure is not an option…Can’t afford to re-learn lessons!

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Change AgentsM&S Opportunities Abound

National Security Strategy

Base Realignment and Closure

Quadrennial Defense Review

Joint Planning Guidance

President’s Budget

DoD Technology Plan

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The mission of the United States Air Force is to deliver sovereign options for the defense of the United States of America and its global interests – to fly and fight in Air, Space, and Cyberspace.

Air Force Mission Statement

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AJP ACTD Map Viewer 1.0AJP ACTD Map Viewer 1.0

X

XX

X

INFORMATION-RICH VISUALIZATIONS

NET CENTRIC OPS

Sample Callout in 12-point type

V1468

COLLABORATION

INTERACTIVE PLANNING

IMMERSIVE TRAINING

FUSED EXECUTION

DYNAMIC BATTLESPACEGLOBAL DECISION ENVIRONMENT

COMPETITIVE SIMS

Challenges Demand New Constructs

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TECHNOLOGY EXPLODING MULTI-DISCIPLINARY LED BY COMMERCIAL WORLD

TECHNOLOGY SURPRISE REACTIVE PROGRAMS

TECHNOLOGY EUPHORIA UNFOCUSED PROGRAMS SOLUTIONS SEEKING PROBLEMS

TECHNOLOGY COMPLACENCY “DON’T FIX WHAT AIN’T BROKE” TECHNICAL CYNICISM

COMPUTERERA

INFORMATIONERA

CAPABILITYGAP

1960 1970 1980 2005

Military Adoption

Business Adoption

Available Technology

InformationSystemsTechnology

Source: Adapted from William R. Synnot, The Information Weapon

Today’s Technology Environment

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National Critical Technology

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Creating War-Winning Effects…

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VIDEO OPTION #2

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Modeling and SimulationLive-Virtual-Constructive Integration

• Increase training realism• Mitigate resource constraints• Overcome geographical constraints

Constructive

Interoperability Between C4I Systems

Interoperability Between Simulations

Interoperability between C4I systems and simulations

Live

Nevada Test & Training Range

• Enable Joint interoperability• Expand training audience size• Expand the battlespace

Virtual

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MSN REHEARSALMSN REHEARSAL

ANALYSISANALYSIS

WARGAMINGWARGAMING

EXERCISESEXERCISESTESTINGTESTING TRAININGTRAINING

EXPERIMENTSEXPERIMENTS

FUTUREFUTURE

ACQUISITIONACQUISITIONPLANNINGPLANNING

What is achieved from simulation?1) Safer 2) WX 3) MX 4 ) Joint 5) Real 6) Greater Security 7) Interoperative

In simulation, there IS a rerun button!In simulation, there IS a rerun button!

Modeling and SimulationMultiple Activities and Disciplines

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EQUIP

EMPOWER

ENABLE

EDUCATE

Developing the Future Airman

Partnering to Define an End-to-End LIFE-CYCLE AIRMANPartnering to Define an End-to-End LIFE-CYCLE AIRMAN

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Creating the Competitive Edge

Mobilization Operations

Training Range L-V-C

LearningCapability

Mobilization Operations

Training Range L-V-C

LearningCapability

Web-EnabledLearning

Capability

Web-EnabledLearning

Capability

EmbeddedLearning

Capability

EmbeddedLearning

Capability

Game-BasedLearning

Capability

Game-BasedLearning

Capability

DistributedSimulationCapability

DistributedSimulationCapability

ReachbackCapabilityReachbackCapabilityOfficeOffice

SchoolSchool

HomeHome FieldField

InTransit

InTransit

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Emerging Technologies

Synthetic Network Warfare

Constructive Cyber Space

Advanced Simulators

Global Interaction

Human Factors/Behaviors

Directed Energy

Inter-Active Competitive Sims

Virtual Testing/Training

Nano … Bio … Quantum

Live-Virtual-Constructive Integration to Support All M&S DomainsLive-Virtual-Constructive Integration to Support All M&S Domains

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Gaming a Disruptive TechnologyInter-Active Competitive Simulations

Games are good at fulfilling training needs

...I hear and I forget

...I see and I remember

...I do and I understand

Game based training actively engages the learner

Games are simulations with goals, missions, and objectives

Game interfaces can be reused

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Types of Strategy Games

Abstract strategy Simulation Real-time strategy War game Real-time tactics Turn-based City building Multiple Worlds Global Cyberspace Command & Control

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Compressed kill chain “One time of flight” strike In-depth battlespace understanding

2006 AL ZARQAWI

1991 SCUD LAUNCHER

1999 S/A-6 MISSILE SITE

2003 SADDAM HUSSEIN

Kil

l C

hai

n T

imel

ine

Hours

Minutes

ENGAGE

ASSESS

FIND

FIX

TRACK

TARGET

Winning the GWOTOperational Impact of Technology

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VIDEO OPTION #3

Mission and Challenges“A WARFIGHTING DOMAIN”

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Cyberspace

Cyber Ops to ENSURE OUR FREEDOM OF ACTION and DENY FREEDOM OF ACTION TO OUR ADVERSARIES

Cyberspace is a warfighting domain

Its All About The Effects

Full Spectrum Dominance: Global effects at the speed of light

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Fly and Fight in Cyber

Freedom from attack and freedom to attack The first battle will be for control of all three domains Dominating all three allows us to deliver the full spectrum of effects

Cyber favors the offensive Strategic Attack directly at enemy centers of gravity Suppression of Enemy Cyber Defenses Offensive Counter Cyber Defensive Counter Cyber Interdiction

Global effects at the speed of light Minimal CNN effect and need to rebuild

Without Cyber Dominance, Operations in all Domains at Risk

I n t e g r i t y - S e r v i c e - E x c e l l e n c eSynergies through integration and interdependence

Cross-Domain Dominance = Sovereign Options

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DHARAN, SAUDI ARABIA, 25 Jun 1996:Adversary Used: Commercial Comms for coordination

RF Detonation, Handheld wireless comms

We’re at war: Cyber is a battlespace

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We’re at war: Cyber is a battlespace

BELGRADE, YUGOSLAVIA, 27 Mar 1999:Adversary Used: Mobile Communication, networked

defense, electronic warfare

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We’re at war: Cyber is a battlespace

PENTAGON, 11 Sep 2001:Adversary Used: Internet for recruitment

International & cell comms for coord; Training on sims

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We’re at war: Cyber is a battlespace

Hundreds of Jihadi Web Sites and Internet hosts, thousands of individual email accounts

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We’re at war: Cyber is a battlespace

“The war is really not about Iraq or Afghanistan necessarily, it’s about this broader war that is really global in nature and has no borders. It uses things like the Cyber world to operate in.” - General Lance L. Smith, USJFC Commander

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Integral Fires 2007

TACP-CASS

TLDHS

SOFBAO Kit

Assess data exchange between AF/Army, Marine, and SOF Assess data exchange between AF/Army, Marine, and SOF Terminal Air Controller digital ground kits to coordinate Terminal Air Controller digital ground kits to coordinate

Close Air SupportClose Air Support

F-16

F/A-18

F-15EAV-8

AC-130 (DMIS)

AWACS

ASOC

CAOC

For Each Kit/Aircraft Combination:For Each Kit/Aircraft Combination:-Kit integration into AFATDS Net-Kit integration into AFATDS Net-ASR Flow to ASOC and into TBMCS-ASR Flow to ASOC and into TBMCS-Data connections between kits and aircraft-Data connections between kits and aircraft

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Challenges To ProgressThe Tower of Babel...

OrganizationalOrganizational

FiscalFiscal

TechnicalTechnical

HumanHuman

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Modeling & Simulation Supporting the Warfighter

Operational Training Warfighter Ready for the Fight

Decision SupportCompete, Challenge, Confront

Mission Rehearsal Dynamic, Live, Interactive

Developing Tools to: Empower Airman…Enhance Judgment…Effect Change…Elevate Combat Readiness!!!

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Looking to a limitless horizon

…striving for greater air, space and cyberspace capabilities

Securing Cyberspace

…taking action to increase our advantage in this new domain

Emphasizing innovation

…improving Joint warfighting

…improving processes

…pursing energy initiatives

The Future…Firmly Resolving Ourselves to Action

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Questions?

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BACKUP SLIDES

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Building From Our Proud Heritage Toward A New Horizon

Supporting the Leadership priorities

Meeting mission challenges … C4ISR, Cyberspace, GWOT, … in a resource constrained environment

Building on our legacy, evolving, growing, and innovating within the Joint/Coalition M&S environment with strong focus on end “use”

M&S: Relevant - Responsive - Responsible

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Shape Choices

Defeat Terrorist

ExtremismCounter

WMD

DefendHomeland

Today's Capability Portfolio

“Shifting Our Weight”

Transitioning to full-spectrum M&S

JTF

SEA AIRLAND

OPFOR

SEA LANDAIR

U. S.U. S.

LeadershipPopulationInfrastructureIndustryFinanceNews MediaMoraleNuclear ForcesIntelligenceMil Forces

COALITIONCOALITION

LeadershipPopulationInfrastructureIndustryFinanceNews MediaMoraleNuclear ForcesIntelligenceMil Forces

OPFOROPFOR

LeadershipPopulation

Infrastructure

IndustryFinance

News MediaMoraleWMD

IntelligenceMil Forces

ALLIESALLIES

LeadershipPopulation

Infrastructure

IndustryFinance

News MediaMoraleWMD

IntelligenceMil Forces

RESOURCES

SEA & AIRLIFT

C2 SATCOM

RESOURCES

SEA & AIRLIFT

C2 SATCOM

ENVIRONMENTPolitical Economic Geography / Terrain Weather Electromagnetic

ENVIRONMENTPolitical Economic Geography / Terrain Weather Electromagnetic

Irregular Warfare Humanitarian Relief Ops Homeland Defense Cyber Warfare Information Operations Space and C2 Human Behavior Logistics, mobility,

& sustainment

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What Cyberspace Is

Cyberspace is An inherently technological domain in and through which we conduct

operations Characterized by the electromagnetic spectrum—not just “networks” A domain where information lives 24/7/365 The global connective tissue and our Country’s nervous system More than just the components that create it--connections, content,

context, and cognition matter greatly

In cyberspace National boundaries and socio-political divides are minimal barriers Constraints of distance, space, time and investment are reduced--for

us and our enemies Different notions of sovereignty, ownership and behavior Laws, conventions, ROE, doctrine, concepts lag technology

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Cyberspace: Vulnerabilities

As the dominant global power, US is most vulnerable to attacks in this domain

“Electronic Pearl Harbor”/ “E-Katrina” Cyberspace provides a fulcrum to leverage physical attacks by

disrupting/delaying/hindering US response Cyber weapons can be Weapons of Mass Disruption / Mass Effect

Anything we can do in Cyberspace can be done to us cheaper and faster

Vulnerabilities are open to the world, available to anyone, anywhere, with the capability and intent to exploit them

Cyberspace provides the means for organized attacks on our infrastructure, from a distance, at the speed of light

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Effects-based Cyber Enterprise

Supporting Capabilities

Enabling Capabilities

Directed Energy

Cyber Effects

Physical Effects

Air Operations Centers

Intel Operations

Support

Network Operations

Center

Command Control

Facilities

Multi-Domain Surveillance and Reconnaissance

USAF Air Warfare Center

Network Infrastructure

Maintenance and Logistics

Intelligence Centers

Material

Doctrine and Training

PersonnelC2ISRC

Leadership

Sustaining Foundation

Programs

IntelOperations

Network Warfare

Global and TheaterElectronic Warfare

Policy