Post on 06-May-2015
description
• Siamak niazi
• DIRECTDIRECT• Am, is, areAm, is, are• Shall/willShall/will• CanCan• MayMay• MustMust• Have/has toHave/has to• Ought toOught to
• INDIRECT • Was/were• Should/would• Could• Might
• Had to
CHANGES OF ADVERB OF TIME & PLACE
• DIRECTDIRECT• NOWNOW• TOMORROWTOMORROW• NEXT WEEKNEXT WEEK• TONIGHTTONIGHT• TODAYTODAY• YESTERDAYYESTERDAY• LAST NIGHTLAST NIGHT• LAST WEEKLAST WEEK• HEREHERE• THISTHIS• THESETHESE
• INDIRECT • THEN• THE FOLLOWING DAY• THE FOLLOWING WEEK• THAT NIGHT• THAT DAY• THE DAY BEFORE• THE NIGHT BEFORE• THE WEEK BEFORE• THERE• THAT• THOSE
CHANGES OF TENSES
• DIRECTDIRECT• SIMPLE PRESENTSIMPLE PRESENT• SIMPLE PASTSIMPLE PAST
• PRESENT PERFECTPRESENT PERFECT• PRESENT PRESENT
CONTINUOUSCONTINUOUS• PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT
CONT.CONT.• SIMPLE FUTURESIMPLE FUTURE
• INDIRECT • SIMPLE PAST• PAST PERFECT or(simple past)• PAST PERFECT• PAST CONTINUOUS
• PAST PERFECT CONT.
• PAST FUTURE
1. STATEMENT
HE SAIDHE SAID TO ME
HE TOLD METHAT REPORTED WORDS
STATEMENT EXAMPLE
• DIRECTDIRECT• “ “We are going to visit We are going to visit
Brighton tomorrow.” they Brighton tomorrow.” they said to me.said to me.
• Jeffry said: “I didn’t go to Jeffry said: “I didn’t go to school today.” school today.”
• Anne told Emma: “My Anne told Emma: “My father got angry with me father got angry with me last night.”last night.”
• INDIRECT • They said to me that
they were going to visit Brighton the following day.
• Jeffry said that he hadn’t gone to school that day.
• Anne told Emma that her father had got angry with her the night before.
STATEMENT Exception:If the introductory sentence is in the Present Tense, there won’t
be any changes in the Reported (Indirect) speech .
• DIRECTDIRECT• Cindy says: “ I will come to Cindy says: “ I will come to
your house tonight.”your house tonight.”
• Indra says: “I have seen Indra says: “I have seen that film for twice.” that film for twice.”
• ““Dessy says: “I meet my Dessy says: “I meet my boyfriend every saturday.”boyfriend every saturday.”
• Chandra says: “I don’t like Chandra says: “I don’t like sport.”sport.”
• INDIRECT • Cindy says that she
will come to my house tonight.
• Indra says that he has seen that film for twice.
• Dessy says that she meets her boyfriend every Saturday.
• Chandra says that he doesn’t like sport.
Change these statements to indirect speech
1- “I can’t type.” I told them.
2- “We’re going into town,” they said.
3- “I haven’t got any money,” he told me.
4- “I passed my driving test in 1999,” he told his boss.
5- “My parents had gone to bed,” she said.
HE ASKED MEHE TOLD ME TO INFIVITIVE
COMMAND EXAMPLE
• DIRECTDIRECT• The teacher asked The teacher asked
me: “Open your book me: “Open your book page 65!” page 65!”
• Siska asked Manu: Siska asked Manu: “Give me a piece of “Give me a piece of paper!” paper!”
• Ronny told him: “call Ronny told him: “call me tonight!”me tonight!”
• INDIRECT • The teacher asked me
to open my book page 65.
• Siska asked Manu to give her a piece of paper.
• Ronny told him to call him that night.
HE ASKED MEHE TOLD ME NOT TO INFIVITIVE
COMMAND EXAMPLE
• DIRECTDIRECT• Daniel asked Emma: Daniel asked Emma:
“Don’t leave me “Don’t leave me alone anymore!” alone anymore!”
• Nahid asked Monica: Nahid asked Monica: “Don’t hurt me “Don’t hurt me anymore!” anymore!”
• Maria told them: Maria told them: “Don’t disturb me!”“Don’t disturb me!”
• INDIRECT • Daniel asked Emma not
to leave her alone anymore.
• Nahid asked Monica not to hurt her anymore.
• Maria told them not to disturb him.
Change these direct commands to indirect speech
1- “Switch off the TV,” she told me.
2- “Don’t touch the wire,” he warned me.
3- “Go to bed early tonight,” he suggested.
4- “Don’t lock the door,” he shouted.
5- “Be careful when you cross the road.” she told her daughter.
HE ASKED ME IF/WHETHER S + V + COMPLEMENT
A. Yes/No Question Example
• DIRECTDIRECT• Ricky asked Henry: Ricky asked Henry:
“Does your father work “Does your father work near here?” near here?”
• Mr. Bean asked Cyntia: Mr. Bean asked Cyntia: “Have you collected your “Have you collected your homework?” homework?”
• Dessy asked William: Dessy asked William: “Can you accompany me “Can you accompany me to Lippo tonight?”to Lippo tonight?”
• INDIRECT • Ricky asked Henry
if/whether his father worked near there.
• Mr. Bean asked Cyntia if/whether she had collected her homework.
• Dessy asked William if/whether he could accompany her to Lippo that night.
HE ASKED MEWHEN/WHAT
etc. S + V + COMPLEMENT
b. Wh- Question Example
• DIRECTDIRECT• The girl asked me: The girl asked me:
“Where Do you come “Where Do you come from?” from?”
• My father asked my My father asked my brother: “Why did you brother: “Why did you arrive at home late last arrive at home late last night?”night?”
• Handy asked the girl: Handy asked the girl: “what is your favorite “what is your favorite movie star?”movie star?”
• INDIRECT • The girl asked me
where I came from.
• My father asked my brother why he had arrived at home late the night before
• Handy asked the girl what her favorite movie star was
Change these direct questions to indirect speech
1- “Did you enjoy the film?” I asked her.
2- “Are you English?” they asked me.
3- “Where are you going?” I asked her.
4- “Can you do me a favour?” he asked me.
5- “Where do you work?” she asked me.
• DIRECTDIRECT• The students said to The students said to
the teacher: “We the teacher: “We haven’t done our haven’t done our assignment.” assignment.”
• My uncle said to my My uncle said to my sister: “I cannot come sister: “I cannot come on your birthday on your birthday party next month.”party next month.”
• Patar asked Lina : Patar asked Lina : “Do you love me?”“Do you love me?”
• My father asked me:”Have you prepared for your final exam?”
• Anita told Ver: “Don’t tell me more about your boyfriend!”
• My friend asked her: “Stay with me forever!”
• My headmaster asked me: “Where do you live?”