Dictators Threaten the Dictators Threaten the PeacePeace

Stalin - USSRStalin - USSR

Hitler - GermanyHitler - Germany

Mussolini - ItalyMussolini - Italy

Franco - SpainFranco - Spain

Militarists - JapanMilitarists - Japan

1931 – Japan invades 1931 – Japan invades ManchuriaManchuria

1933 – Hitler becomes 1933 – Hitler becomes Chancellor of GermanyChancellor of Germany

Disavows Treaty of Disavows Treaty of VersaillesVersailles Begins to re-armBegins to re-arm Eyes expansion Eyes expansion

(lebensraum)(lebensraum) Racist ideology Racist ideology

(Mein Kampf)(Mein Kampf)

LebensraumLebensraum

Racist ideologyRacist ideology

1935 – Italy invades Ethiopa1935 – Italy invades Ethiopa

League of NationsLeague of Nations

Condemns these moves but takes no Condemns these moves but takes no actionaction

US vows to remain neutral. Is US vows to remain neutral. Is this realistic?this realistic?

C. D. Batchelor, C. D. Batchelor, Come on in, I'll Come on in, I'll treat treat you right. I used you right. I used to know your to know your Daddy, Daddy, New York Daily New York Daily News (25th April, News (25th April, 1936)1936)

War in EuropeWar in Europe

March 1938 – Germany March 1938 – Germany annexes Austriaannexes Austria

Sept. 1938 – Munich Sept. 1938 – Munich Conference gives Sudetenland Conference gives Sudetenland

to Germanyto Germany

AppeasementAppeasement

Churchill “Great Churchill “Great Britain and France Britain and France had to choose had to choose between war and between war and dishonor. They dishonor. They chose dishonor. chose dishonor. Now they will have Now they will have war.”war.”

Aug. 1939 – Germany and Aug. 1939 – Germany and USSR agree to partition of USSR agree to partition of Poland and non-agressionPoland and non-agression

Aug 1, 1939 – Germany Aug 1, 1939 – Germany invades Polandinvades Poland

BlitzkriegBlitzkrieg GB and France GB and France

declare wardeclare war WWII has WWII has

begunbegun

The Phony WarThe Phony War

USSR begins to annex lost USSR begins to annex lost territoriesterritories

Spring 1940Spring 1940

Germany invades Netherlands, Belgium, Germany invades Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg north of the Maginot LineLuxembourg north of the Maginot Line

Germany invades France Germany invades France through the Ardennes Forestthrough the Ardennes Forest

British and French armies trapped at British and French armies trapped at DunkirkDunkirk

France SurrendersFrance Surrenders

Germany sets sights on GBGermany sets sights on GB

The Battle of Britain / The The Battle of Britain / The BlitzBlitz

Britain Stands AloneBritain Stands Alone We shall go on to the end, we shall fight in We shall go on to the end, we shall fight in

France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend growing strength in the air, we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this Island or a large not for a moment believe, this Island or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then part of it were subjugated and starving, then our Empire beyond the seas, armed and our Empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on the struggle, until, in God's good time, the New the struggle, until, in God's good time, the New World, with all its power and might, steps forth World, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old."to the rescue and the liberation of the old."

““Never before have so many Never before have so many owed so much to so few.”owed so much to so few.”

The HolocaustThe Holocaust

Within months of assuming Within months of assuming power, Hitler begins the process power, Hitler begins the process

that will result in the deaths of 11 that will result in the deaths of 11 million peoplemillion people

Nuremberg Laws - 1935Nuremberg Laws - 1935

Jews stripped of Jews stripped of Civil Rights and Civil Rights and propertyproperty

IdentificationIdentification

Kristallnacht - 1938Kristallnacht - 1938

Storm troopers Storm troopers destroy Jewish destroy Jewish businesses, homes, businesses, homes, synagoguessynagogues

First they came for the Communists but I was not a Communist so I did not speak out. Then they came for the Socialists and the Trade Unionists but I was not one of them, so I did not speak out. Then they came for the Jews but I was not Jewish so I did not speak out. And when they came for me, there was no one left to speak out for me.

             Martin Niemoeller

Jewish RefugeesJewish Refugees

60,000 emigrate to 60,000 emigrate to USUS

Immigration quotas Immigration quotas prevent more from prevent more from comingcoming

Voyage of the St. LouisVoyage of the St. Louis

Refugees refused Refugees refused entry in Cuba and entry in Cuba and the USthe US

Finally accepted in Finally accepted in several European several European countriescountries

Many captured and Many captured and killed as Nazis took killed as Nazis took over Europeover Europe

Concentration CampsConcentration Camps

GhettosGhettos Work campsWork camps Death campsDeath camps

Slave LaborSlave Labor

Medical experimentationMedical experimentation

Josef MengeleJosef Mengele

The Final Solution - The Final Solution - GenocideGenocide

SurvivorsSurvivors

Elie Wiesel – Elie Wiesel – NightNight

DenialDenial

Growing Japanese EmpireGrowing Japanese Empire

Location of Pearl HarborLocation of Pearl Harbor

Navy BaseNavy Base

Attack mapAttack map

US InvolvementUS Involvement

Following Dec. 7Following Dec. 7thth 5 5 million volunteer million volunteer into US militaryinto US military

Additional 10 Additional 10 million draftedmillion drafted

Military represents America’s Military represents America’s diversitydiversity

African AmericansAfrican Americans Tuskegee AirmenTuskegee Airmen

Native AmericansNative Americans Wind TalkersWind Talkers

Mexican AmericansMexican Americans Asian AmericansAsian Americans Women (WAAC)Women (WAAC)

Response of IndustryResponse of Industry

Factories converted to war productionFactories converted to war production

Importance of ShipyardsImportance of Shipyards

Women and minorities take on Women and minorities take on industrial jobsindustrial jobs

Rosie the RiveterRosie the Riveter

Scientific ContributionsScientific Contributions

EinsteinEinstein OppenheimerOppenheimer Manhattan ProjectManhattan Project

Entertainment IndustryEntertainment Industry

Prpaganda FilmsPrpaganda Films Why We FightWhy We Fight

Frank CapraFrank Capra

Internment of JapaneseInternment of Japanese

Korematsu vs. U.S.Korematsu vs. U.S.

Challenged the Challenged the legality of the legality of the internment campsinternment camps

Legality is upheld Legality is upheld by Supreme Courtby Supreme Court

Reparations?Reparations?

US government paid thousands of dollars US government paid thousands of dollars to survivors of the internment camps and to survivors of the internment camps and issued a formal apology.issued a formal apology.

Was this the right thing to do?Was this the right thing to do?