Demands, Supplies & Priorities

Demand Sectors

Irrigation

Livestock

Mining

Industrial

Commercial

Ecosystems

DomesticTotal Water Demand

Major Cities

• Water demand data– Municipal and industrial demand

• Aggregated by sector (manufacturing, tourism, etc.)

• Disaggregated by population (e.g., use/capita, use/socioeconomic group)

– Agricultural demands• Aggregated by area (# hectares, annual

water-use/hectare)• Disaggregated by crop water requirements

– Ecosystem demands (in-stream flow requirements)

Demand Data Requirements

Agriculture

Industry

Municipal

CottonRiceWheat...

Electric PowerPetroleumPaper...

South CityWest City...

Irrigation...

CoolingProcessingOthers

Single FamilyMulti-family...

FurrowSprinklerDrip

StandardEfficient...

KitchenBathingWasherToilet...

SECTOR SUBSECTOR END-USE DEVICE

Illustrative Demand Structure

Data can be at the level of a site, or

disaggregated to any level of detail

Entering Demand Data

Supply Types

• Rivers• Reservoirs• Groundwater

– storage capacity– max monthly withdrawal– natural recharge

• Diversions• Other sources (e.g. desalination)

• User defines supply:– Time series data of riverflows

(headflows) cfs, groundwater storage and recharge

– River network (connectivity)

• WEAP simulates supply via simulation of physical hydrology:– Watershed attributes

• Area, land cover, conductivity…– Climate

• Precipitation, temperature, windspeed, and relative humidity

Supply Data Requirements

Reservoir Operations

Inactive Zone

Buffer Zone

Conservation Zone

Top of Inactive

Top of Buffer

Top of Conservation

Total StorageFlood Control Zone

Linking Supply and Demand

Linking supply and demand

Return flows to surface or ground water or treatment plants

Priority System of Allocation

• Demand Priorities• Supply Preferences= Allocation Order

0

36.5

63.5

6.5 unmet; 8%

Same Demand Priorities

• If there are two demands, both with the same priority and insufficient water to meet their needs fully, WEAP will provide equal % of demand to each.

1

3.5 unmet; 8%

0

40

60

10 unmet

Different Demand Priorities

• If the priorities differ, WEAP will satisfy the first priority fully before giving water to the lower priority.

Different Supply Preferences

• The large demand (70 units) has higher priority for river water, but has a greater preference for groundwater

50

Groundwater

40

40

20

50

2

1