Post on 26-Dec-2015
Definitions
Science -
Chemistry -
Definitions
Science - systematic investigation of nature
Chemistry -
Definitions
Science - systematic investigation of nature
Chemistry - study of matter and its properties (physical &
chemical)
Science
PhysicalSciences
LifeSciences
Mathematics Chemistry Physics
Inorganic Organic Analytical Physical Biochemistry
Divisions of Science
What is Matter?
What is Matter?
Matter is anything that has
–Mass
–Volume
What is Mass?
Mass is a measure of ….
What is Mass?
Mass is a measure of the quantity of amount
Mass is the amount of matterHow does mass differ from
weight?
What are the properties of matter?
PhysicalChemicalDefine both and provide an
example for each.
Definitions
Physical Property - a property of matter that does not change the kind (type) of matter (ex. Color, phase, temperature, volume, mass)
Chemical Property - a property of matter that changes the type of matter (ex. Burning, reaction with other chemicals)
How do we separate matter into its parts?
Matter
HeterogenousMixtures(Variable
Composition)
HomogeneousMatter
(UniformComposition)
separated byphysical means
into
HomogeneousMixtures(Variable
Composition)
Pure Substances(Fixed
Composition)
separated byphysical means
into
Compounds(Fixed
Composition)Elements
separated bychemical means
into
What is a compound?
What is a compound?
A compound is composed of two or more elements in a definite proportion.
Examples of compounds are:– H2O
– CO2
What is an element?
What is an element?
An element is the basic building block of all matter
Elements consists of atoms which are the smallest part of matter that can exist and retain the properties of that matter
Elements and the Periodic Table
Look at the periodic table. What do you see?
Describe the letters found on the periodic table.
Elements and the Periodic Table
What does that stepped line mean? Where are the metals? Where are the non-metals? Where are the semi-metals? What is another name for semi-metals? Where are the alkali metals?
Elements and the Periodic Table
Where are the alkaline earth metals? Where are the halogens? Where are the noble gases? Their old
name was inert gases? Do you know why?
Where are the transition elements? Where are the inner transition
elements?
Elements and the Periodic Table
Where are the inner transition elements?
Why are some elements only in outline form?
Is there any significance for a symbols color?
Phases of Matter
Solid – has a definite shape and a definite volume
Liquid – has a definite volume but takes on the shape of the container (no definite shape)
Gas – has neither a definite volume or definite shape
Are there any other phases of Matter?
Good question.
Are there any other phases of Matter?
Good question. The answer is yes; there is a 4th phase of matter which is called……PLASMA
What is PLASMA?
PLASMA is …….?
What is PLASMA?
PLASMA is …….
High temperature, ionized (consists of + and – particles) gases.
Definitions-Properties of Matter
Extensive Property - depends only on the quantity of material (ex. Mass, volume, length)
Intensive Property - depends on the type of matter (ex. Density, melting point, solubility)
Definitions
Precision - Reproducibility of the data
Accuracy - Degree to which the data agree with the true value
High Precision
andHigh
Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as the ability to repeat a measurement
3 measurements of length include: 14.80 cm 14.75 cm 14.82 cm
Indicate good precision or repeatability
Accuracy
Accuracy is how close your value is to the “true” or “accepted” value for a measurement
If your density measurement is 2.72 g/mL and the accepted value is 2.70 g/mL then you have good accuracy