Definitions

Science -

Chemistry -

Definitions

Science - systematic investigation of nature

Chemistry -

Definitions

Science - systematic investigation of nature

Chemistry - study of matter and its properties (physical &

chemical)

Science

PhysicalSciences

LifeSciences

Mathematics Chemistry Physics

Inorganic Organic Analytical Physical Biochemistry

Divisions of Science

What is Matter?

What is Matter?

Matter is anything that has

–Mass

–Volume

What is Mass?

Mass is a measure of ….

What is Mass?

Mass is a measure of the quantity of amount

Mass is the amount of matterHow does mass differ from

weight?

What are the properties of matter?

PhysicalChemicalDefine both and provide an

example for each.

Definitions

Physical Property - a property of matter that does not change the kind (type) of matter (ex. Color, phase, temperature, volume, mass)

Chemical Property - a property of matter that changes the type of matter (ex. Burning, reaction with other chemicals)

How do we separate matter into its parts?

Matter

HeterogenousMixtures(Variable

Composition)

HomogeneousMatter

(UniformComposition)

separated byphysical means

into

HomogeneousMixtures(Variable

Composition)

Pure Substances(Fixed

Composition)

separated byphysical means

into

Compounds(Fixed

Composition)Elements

separated bychemical means

into

What is a compound?

What is a compound?

A compound is composed of two or more elements in a definite proportion.

Examples of compounds are:– H2O

– CO2

What is an element?

What is an element?

An element is the basic building block of all matter

Elements consists of atoms which are the smallest part of matter that can exist and retain the properties of that matter

Elements and the Periodic Table

Look at the periodic table. What do you see?

Describe the letters found on the periodic table.

Elements and the Periodic Table

What does that stepped line mean? Where are the metals? Where are the non-metals? Where are the semi-metals? What is another name for semi-metals? Where are the alkali metals?

Elements and the Periodic Table

Where are the alkaline earth metals? Where are the halogens? Where are the noble gases? Their old

name was inert gases? Do you know why?

Where are the transition elements? Where are the inner transition

elements?

Elements and the Periodic Table

Where are the inner transition elements?

Why are some elements only in outline form?

Is there any significance for a symbols color?

Phases of Matter

Solid – has a definite shape and a definite volume

Liquid – has a definite volume but takes on the shape of the container (no definite shape)

Gas – has neither a definite volume or definite shape

Are there any other phases of Matter?

Good question.

Are there any other phases of Matter?

Good question. The answer is yes; there is a 4th phase of matter which is called……PLASMA

What is PLASMA?

PLASMA is …….?

What is PLASMA?

PLASMA is …….

High temperature, ionized (consists of + and – particles) gases.

Definitions-Properties of Matter

Extensive Property - depends only on the quantity of material (ex. Mass, volume, length)

Intensive Property - depends on the type of matter (ex. Density, melting point, solubility)

Definitions

Precision - Reproducibility of the data

Accuracy - Degree to which the data agree with the true value

High Precision

andHigh

Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as the ability to repeat a measurement

3 measurements of length include: 14.80 cm 14.75 cm 14.82 cm

Indicate good precision or repeatability

Accuracy

Accuracy is how close your value is to the “true” or “accepted” value for a measurement

If your density measurement is 2.72 g/mL and the accepted value is 2.70 g/mL then you have good accuracy