Post on 05-Jan-2016
Count on Count on ChemistrChemistr
yyPresented by the Presented by the
MathScience Innovation MathScience Innovation CenterCenter
Written by Theresa MeadeWritten by Theresa Meade
What is a polymer?What is a polymer?
It is a long, It is a long, longlong molecule! molecule! Polymers can occur in nature or they Polymers can occur in nature or they
can be made by humans. can be made by humans.
This is a small molecule. It is not a polymer.
What kind of math is What kind of math is here?here?
Long chains mean adding the same Long chains mean adding the same thing over and over.thing over and over.
How does that relate to math?How does that relate to math? Long chains can be hard to analyze. Long chains can be hard to analyze.
Sometimes it’s easier to look at the Sometimes it’s easier to look at the parts.parts.
How does that relate to math?How does that relate to math?
Today we will… Today we will…
Look at large pieces Look at large pieces Look at the smaller pieces “inside”Look at the smaller pieces “inside” Think about changesThink about changes And have fun with math and science!And have fun with math and science!
What is a polymer?What is a polymer?
A polymer has a repeating pattern A polymer has a repeating pattern inside it. That pattern is made of a inside it. That pattern is made of a few atoms joined together to make a few atoms joined together to make a monomer.monomer.
Many, many monomers join together Many, many monomers join together to form polymers. The number of to form polymers. The number of parts determines what the whole parts determines what the whole looks like! looks like! Ethane, butane, paraffin, Ethane, butane, paraffin, and polyethyleneand polyethylene
EthaneEthane
First discovered in 1834First discovered in 1834 A component of natural gasA component of natural gas
ButaneButane
Liquid formLiquid form Found in LPG bottles used in gas Found in LPG bottles used in gas
grillsgrills
ParaffinParaffin
Waxy solidWaxy solid Used in candles and has a low Used in candles and has a low
melting pointmelting point
PolyethylenePolyethylene
SolidSolid This is everyday plastic—milk jugs, This is everyday plastic—milk jugs,
detergent bottles, or any plasticdetergent bottles, or any plastic
Thinking…Thinking…
How can we create a model for the How can we create a model for the parts of a whole?parts of a whole?
We will start with some basic We will start with some basic materials. Get ready!materials. Get ready!
Let’s look at a modelLet’s look at a model
Label one end of a strip of Label one end of a strip of paper 0.paper 0.
Fold, then open.Fold, then open. What should we label the What should we label the
fold line?fold line? What should we label the What should we label the
other end?other end?1
20 1
Let’s look at a modelLet’s look at a model
1
4
2
4 103
4
Let’s look at another strip of paper.Let’s look at another strip of paper. Label one end with 0 again.Label one end with 0 again. Fold.Fold. Without unfolding, fold the paper one Without unfolding, fold the paper one
more time. more time. Unfold your strip.Unfold your strip. How many pieces all together?How many pieces all together?
Let’s look at a modelLet’s look at a model
2
8
7
8
1
8 106
8
3
84
8
5
8
Do you remember the steps? What do we do Do you remember the steps? What do we do first?first?
Fold your paper. Without out opening, fold it Fold your paper. Without out opening, fold it again. Now fold one more time. again. Now fold one more time.
How many pieces do you predict there will be?How many pieces do you predict there will be? What should we label the end?What should we label the end? How many parts all together?How many parts all together?
Let’s look at a modelLet’s look at a model
108
1 6
1 0
1 6
2
1 6
1
1 6
3
1 6
5
1 6
4
1 6
7
1 6
6
1 6
9
1 6
11
1 6
1 2
1 6
1 5
1 6
1 3
1 6
1 4
1 6
Let’s make one more fraction strip.Let’s make one more fraction strip. Remember the process?Remember the process? Label the end with 0. Fold the strip. This time Label the end with 0. Fold the strip. This time
fold it a total of 4 times without opening.fold it a total of 4 times without opening. How many pieces do you predict there will How many pieces do you predict there will
be?be? Open and look!Open and look!
Guided PracticeGuided Practice
Don’t answer any of the Don’t answer any of the questions yet! We’ll do these questions yet! We’ll do these together in just a moment!together in just a moment!
So which one is larger, or ?So which one is larger, or ?
How do you know?How do you know?
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
2
Guided PracticeGuided Practice
What are equivalent fractions?What are equivalent fractions? Yes! They are two different ways to Yes! They are two different ways to
name the same amount!name the same amount! Write some of the equivalent Write some of the equivalent
fractions we talked about on the fractions we talked about on the lines in Part 1 of your Data Sheet.lines in Part 1 of your Data Sheet.
What are some of the numbers you What are some of the numbers you wrote?wrote?
Guided PracticeGuided Practice
What happens when you add + ?What happens when you add + ?1
4
1
4
1
4
2
4 103
4
Guided PracticeGuided Practice
3
4
1
4- =
1
4
2
4 103
4
Guided PracticeGuided Practice
Work with a partner to figure out Work with a partner to figure out problems 3 and 4.problems 3 and 4.
Guided PracticeGuided Practice
I have I have
1
4
2
4 103
4
1
20
I want to add
Guided PracticeGuided Practice
I haveI have
108
1 6
1 0
1 6
2
1 6
1
1 6
3
1 6
5
1 6
4
1 6
7
1 6
6
1 6
9
1 6
11
1 6
1 2
1 6
1 5
1 6
1 3
1 6
1 4
1 6
2
8
7
8
1
8 106
8
3
84
8
5
8
I want to add
Saving your workSaving your work
Use a glue stick to save all of your Use a glue stick to save all of your fraction strips.fraction strips.
What if…What if…
……you didn’t have fraction bars?you didn’t have fraction bars? Number lines can help you think Number lines can help you think
about fractions!about fractions!
Number linesNumber lines
6
8
1
8
When you add fractions with the same denominator, draw one line. Find your starting point and decide how many “hops” to take to get an answer.
2
8
7
8
1
8 106
8
3
84
8
5
8
6
8
1
8+
Number LinesNumber Lines
1
4
1
8+ =
Step 1: Draw two number lines since you are adding numbers with two different denominators.
Number LinesNumber Lines
1
4
1
8+ =
1
4
2
4 103
4
2
8
7
8
1
8 106
8
3
84
8
5
8
Step 2: Decide how to mark your number lines.
Number LinesNumber Lines
1
4
1
8+ =
1
4
2
4 103
4
2
8
7
8
1
8 106
8
3
84
8
5
8
Step 3: Find an equivalent fraction to use for a starting point.
Number LinesNumber Lines
1
4
1
83
8+ =
1
4
2
4 103
4
2
8
7
8
1
8 106
8
3
84
8
5
8
Step 4: Add!
Time to work with your Time to work with your partnerpartner
You and a neighbor will work You and a neighbor will work together to complete the rest of your together to complete the rest of your data sheet.data sheet.
There is a front and a back, but don’t There is a front and a back, but don’t worry if you don’t have time to worry if you don’t have time to finish!finish!
Remember to work like a Remember to work like a mathematician—be accurate, take mathematician—be accurate, take your time, and talk to your partner.your time, and talk to your partner.
Answers?Answers?
How did you do?How did you do?
Why look at parts of the Why look at parts of the whole?whole?
Many scientists do exactly what you did!Many scientists do exactly what you did! Think about genetics! We look at part of Think about genetics! We look at part of
the DNA strand.the DNA strand. Think about creating synthetic vitamins. Think about creating synthetic vitamins.
We look at part of the molecule and We look at part of the molecule and recreate it!recreate it!
Think about making better plants and Think about making better plants and cross-breeding to get new varieties of cross-breeding to get new varieties of roses. roses.
It’s all about the parts!It’s all about the parts!
Now let’s look at Now let’s look at polymers againpolymers again
What do those long strings of What do those long strings of monomers do?monomers do?
They have some very interesting They have some very interesting properties!properties!
It’s time for a demonstration!It’s time for a demonstration!
Did you enjoy polymers?Did you enjoy polymers?
Chemical engineering uses math and Chemical engineering uses math and the art of putting things together to the art of putting things together to create and discover new compounds.create and discover new compounds.
Thank you!Thank you!