Post on 20-Jul-2015
EDF 1001HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF MALAYSIAN
EDUCATION
ASSOC PROF DR MOHAMAD JOHDI SALLEH
Name : ZAIM ZUFAYRI BIN AB RAZAK
Matrix No : DL1412307EDF 1001 1
Independent Chinese secondary schools in Malaysia shared a
similar history.
They went through abysmal darkness
without government aid nor guidance.
Malaysian Independent Chinese
Secondary Schools (MICSS) which came into being after the Education Act 1961.
1961 was the year when chinese schools had to
make the painful decision whether to be converted to sekolahmenengah to receive government aid or to
remain as independent Chinese schools to
survive on their own.
EDF 1001 3
January 1962 was the creation of the first class of Kuala
Lumpur Chong Hwa independent Chinese secondary school of students in the afternoon.
Classes of the converted Sekolah
Menengah remained in the morning session.
These classes were “generously” allowed to squat
on national school premises.
Their effort are to stay alive.
EDF 1001 4
There are around 78 of independence chinese schools in Malaysia and overall population around 129,000 students and 7,500 teachers & administrators.
In 1994, these schools obtained approval from the Malaysian Ministry of Education to form a School Council, run by a committee elected from principals from these 78 schools.
EDF 1001 5
Implementation of IndependenceChinese Schools
They provided an alternative path for special students of good conduct from primary schools who passed the entrance examination, and could afford the fees
Students must be able to take strict disciplines and heavy work loads
The United Examination Certificate (UEC) examinations at both Junior and Senior levels determine whether they move on or would be retained to repeat a year of poor performance
In line with government education policy, many of these schools coached their students to sit for SPM, not forgetting special English lessons
The students which does not prepare for UEC examinations is not an independent Chinese
EDF 1001 7
Differences between independent chinese school and national school
The main difference of the school is all
students are required to learn Mandarin
They are also required to take
Chinese subject in PMR and SPM examinations
The school is concerned with three languages,
Malay, English and Mandarin
Independence chineseschool hopes that all the
students are able to master the languages when they completed
their studies at Form Five
EDF 1001 8
Conclusion of independent chineseschool
Through pure perseverance, these schools have proven its past values and developed future.
There is no doubt of their sustainability and adaptability to globalization.
In the year of 2013, two of these schools celebrating their 100 years anniversary campuses.
These schools have walked side-by-side with the nation’s development.
EDF 1001 9
Definition of conforming schools
Government-aided schools are schools in which the administration under the auspices of their own administrative board
While the government is subsidizing the provision of management students only.
All school policies are administered by the school board and the appointment of teachers made by the Ministry of Education.
EDF 1001 11
Conforming school
• The SMJK (Sekolah Menengah Jenis Kebangsaan) is a
group of Malaysian Chinese conforming schools
classified as Government-aided schools
• Originally the school was funded by the Chinese, in the
days of British administration.
• But now the National-type schools to receive aid from
the Ministry of Education
EDF 1001 12
Implementation of conforming schools
Syllabus and teachers' salaries in national-type schools
funded by the government.
The school curriculum is also similar to the National
School,
different is the medium used.
Moreover, most of the building was funded by the
school's board of trustees.
In Teaching and Learning of Science and Mathematics
in English in primary school, the medium for Science
and Mathematics is Chinese
EDF 1001 13
Conclusion
On June 27, 2009, Deputy Prime Minister Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin said the government is ready to help national-type schools, private schools if they do not conflict with the National Education Policy. RM 1.8 billion was allocated to pay the salaries of teachers who worked in national-type schools in 2008
EDF 1001 14
References • http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekolah_jenis_k
ebangsaan
• http://mediawangsamaju.blogspot.com/2013/06/sekolah-vernakular-menter
EDF 1001 15