Post on 06-Aug-2020
4/15/2004 1
COGENERATIONCOGENERATION
in in
BELIZEBELIZEBy By
Robert TillettRobert TillettChief Plant EngineerChief Plant Engineer
Belize Sugar Industries LimitedBelize Sugar Industries Limited
4/15/2004 2
CONTRIBUTION OF SUGAR CONTRIBUTION OF SUGAR SECTORSECTOR
2000 1993
Numbers Employed 10290 7970
TO EMPLOYMENTAs A Percentage of Working Population 12.2 11.6
As A Percentage of Employment in Agriculture 44.3 38.6
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CONTRIBUTION OF SUGAR CONTRIBUTION OF SUGAR SECTORSECTOR
2000 1993
TO ECONOMY
Sugar Industry Revenueas % of GDP 6.2 9.8
Sugar Industry Revenueas % of Total AgriculturalProduction 49.4 68.8
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CONTRIBUTION OF SUGAR CONTRIBUTION OF SUGAR SECTORSECTOR
2000 1993FOREIGN EXCHANGEEARNINGS
USD (Million) 37.6 42.7
% of Value of Domestically Produced Exports 18.9 37.5
% of Value of Agriculture Exports 21.4 48.3
NB: Average Foreign Exchange Earnings 1991-2000 USD 44.3 Million
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Why Cogeneration ?Why Cogeneration ?
Mitigate the Impact of External ShocksMitigate the Impact of External Shocks
While the Sugar Industry in While the Sugar Industry in Belize is still strong, it is Belize is still strong, it is stagnantstagnantDeclining Cane ProductionDeclining Cane ProductionIncrease cost as a result of being Increase cost as a result of being import dependent especially import dependent especially shipping and insuranceshipping and insuranceThreats to Existing MarketsThreats to Existing Markets
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External Market Threats:External Market Threats:
WTO challenge to EU Regime by WTO challenge to EU Regime by Australia, Brazil, and ThailandAustralia, Brazil, and ThailandEPA Negotiations set 2008 deadline to EPA Negotiations set 2008 deadline to dismantle present market accessdismantle present market accessEU CAP Reform EU CAP Reform -- reduce quotas & reduce quotas & price but increase quality demandprice but increase quality demandEBA Initiative EBA Initiative –– LDC’sLDC’s market market preference reduced SPS access by 33%preference reduced SPS access by 33%Continued Oversupply of Sugar to the Continued Oversupply of Sugar to the World MarketWorld Market
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Why Cogeneration ?Why Cogeneration ?
Provide opportunity for Sugar Provide opportunity for Sugar Industry Expansion to Increase Industry Expansion to Increase Throughput and further value Throughput and further value added such as a Sugar Refinery added such as a Sugar Refinery and Ethanol Productionand Ethanol Production
Provide Steam CapacityProvide Steam Capacity
Provide Power & EnergyProvide Power & Energy
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Why Cogeneration ?Why Cogeneration ?
Provide for Value Added Income To Provide for Value Added Income To BSIBSI
Provide Investment Opportunity Provide Investment Opportunity and Security of Market To Farmersand Security of Market To Farmers
Provide Fossil Fuel Displacement Provide Fossil Fuel Displacement and Import Substitutionand Import Substitution
Provide Needed Power to the GridProvide Needed Power to the Grid
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Why Cogeneration ?Why Cogeneration ?
Environmental BenefitsEnvironmental Benefits
6400 tons/yr to be reduced to 240 6400 tons/yr to be reduced to 240 tons/yr of Fly Ashtons/yr of Fly Ash
Reduce Air pollution to below 100 Reduce Air pollution to below 100 mg/normal meter cubemg/normal meter cube
No water Pollution from No water Pollution from Cogeneration and provide Cogeneration and provide additional power to BSI for Water additional power to BSI for Water TreatmentTreatment
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Cogeneration ModelsCogeneration Models
Island economies: Guadeloupe, Reunion, Mauritius
Growing energy demand (from tourism)
Generally power utility as developer ; (power plants are power stations)
Strong preferential sugar markets
Reliance on imported fossil fuels
Government support
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In-house: owned and operated by sugar factory (India, Brazil, Guatemala)
Low cost and rates
Interrupted power supply contracts
Incremental revenue
Unattractive to third party investors (IPPs)Some government support
Cogeneration ModelsCogeneration Models
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Biomass IPP: BELIZE, Kenya, Guyana
Attractive to third party investors
Long-term, guaranteed base load supplyMinimal fossil fuel
“Green” Credentials which attract Carbon Credits
Cogeneration ModelsCogeneration Models
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TECHNICAL COMPARISONTECHNICAL COMPARISON
Industry Bagasse Coal RatiokWh/tc
Mauritius 10 360 420 60
Guatemala 1 6 242 179 27
Hawaii 2 12 60 3
No of factories
GWh
n/a
Annual export energy
Notes: 1: Concepcion, Magdalena, Madre Tierra, Pantaleon, Santa Ana, La Union
2: 1980 - 89 data
3: Gross energy (including factory usage)
Belize 1 80 12 66
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CARBON CREDITSCARBON CREDITSCarbon market undeveloped
Opportunity to Access Dutch Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Funds
Baseline Study to Quantify Carbon Credits
Valuation uncertain
Carbon Credits will largely be channeled to consumers through the PUC
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OVERVIEW OF COGENERATION PROJECTOVERVIEW OF COGENERATION PROJECT
Development, Construction & Operation of a 30MW Installed Capacity Cogeneration Power Plant
Capital Cost of the Cogeneration Plant US $ 34 MCapital Investment to upgrade Tower Hill Factory US $ 8 M
Owned and Operated as a Private Sector Commercial Operation by
Belize Cogeneration Energy Limited (BELCOGEN)Supply approximately 20% of the National Capacity Demand by 2007Generate Power and Steam to Supply Tower Hill Factory
Project is the initiative of BSI as Project Promoter
BSI has engaged Booker Tate as the Project Developer
Commencement of Full Commercial Operation December 2006
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Project DescriptionProject DescriptionPower Plant Design - key elements
Parallel 15 MW turbo-alternator for an installed capacity of 30 MW, generating at 13.8 kV and then transformed to 115 kV
Powered by
Parallel 125 - 135 t/h boiler (bagasse and oil) Steam quality: 82bar A, 540 oC
that will utilize
390,000 tonnes of bagasse
Annual storage of approximately 86,000 tonnes.
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Project DescriptionProject DescriptionKey Project Technical ParametersKey Project Technical Parameters
1.22 M tonnes of cane390,000 tonnes of bagasse to IPP
6000 tonnes of Bunker “C” fuel oil
13.5 MW power to BEL (year round)
9 MW power to BSI
465,000 tonnes of process steam to BSI
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Projected Allocation ofProjected Allocation ofCapacity and Energy ProductionCapacity and Energy Production
Grid IPP BSI TotalCapacity MW 13.5 2.5 9.0 25.0
Energy Supply GWh 90.4 15.8 39.2 145.4
Time Utilization % 90
Represent 20% of grid demand by 2007 and therefore must be efficient, reliable, stable base load and environmentally sound.
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This has been a presentation of This has been a presentation of
Cogeneration Cogeneration
in Belize in Belize
By By
Robert TillettRobert TillettChief Plant EngineerChief Plant Engineer
Belize Sugar Industries LimitedBelize Sugar Industries Limited
Thanks for Your Thanks for Your Attention!!!Attention!!!