CIVILIZATION

Definition------- Civilization is a group of people with a complex

society. They have their own government, ecomomy, religion, agriculture etc.

Before we can study civilization we have to study what happened before civilization.

Early HominidsEarly HominidsHomidids -- Are early human like creatures.

the earliest remains of hominids date back 3.7 million

years.

Examples --- “Lucy” and the Iceman.

How do we know about early How do we know about early cultures?cultures?

Artifacts--- Remains left behind by early

people.Archeologists--- Scientists who study the

the remains of those people

Stratigraphy--- Scientific theory that artifactsfound deeper in the earth areolder

Radiocarbon Dating Method of dating artifactsmeasuring the amount of radioactive carbon found in

them.

The First PeopleThe First People

Homo Sapiens-- Originated 200,000 B.C. in Africa.

Known as “Thinking

Man”

First modern humans

Homo Sapiens spread out through other parts of the world for the next 40,000-60,000 years.

Two types of Homo Sapiens Emerged 1. Neanderthal Man

2. CroMagnon Man

Neanderthal Man-- First to emerge

CroMagnon ---- More advanced.

How did early humans live? Hunters and Gatherers

Nomads People who move from place to place with their food source.

How did hunting lead to the development of Language?

Required communication and cooperation

Early humans relied on stone tools.

Stone Age

Stone Age is broken down into three time periods.

1. Paleolithic

(old stone age)

2.5 mill yrs ago-12,000 yrs ago

2. Mesolithic

(middle stone age)

12,000-10,000 yrs ago

3. Neolithic

(new stone age)

10,000-5,500 yrs ago

These periods reflect the changes that were made in types of tools used.

Mesolithic Age

What tools did the people of the mesolithic age use?

What made it possible for the Natufian Culture to settle?

Agricultural Revolution

Began between 8000 –5000 B.C.

WHY?

1. Shift in migration patterns of animals

People began to practice domestication

Domestication Adaptation of plants and animals for human use.

Other Practices Pastoralism

Pastoralism Domestication of what we consider to be farm animals

Relied on these animals for food and milk etc.

Pastoralism, Domestication helped to lead people toward the agricultural revolution

Agricultural Revolution--- Shift from hunting and gathering to food production.

Using metal to make tools started when and where?

Using Metal instead of stone……….

farming instead of hunting and gathering…..

Caused the rise of…….

Civilizations