Chemical reactions

Time to add the last major player before the big show!!!

Parts of a reaction

• Reactants → products

I’m the starting

materials.

I’m the new thing after the reaction.

I’m the arrow

showing a reaction is

taking place.

Time to define…

• Chemical reaction: any situation where a chemical change occurs making something new.

• Breaking bonds:• Making bonds:• Which one do you think usually takes energy

to do?• Which one then releases energy???• yarp

And how do we make/break bonds?

• Collision theory: molecules/atoms must be moving fast enough (enough energy) to collide to make and break bonds.

• If particles are not moving fast enough, they just bounce off each other…

• yarp

Reaction types…

The pain I go through to teach…

5 reaction types…

• CompositionJ + S → JS

• DecompositionJS → J + S

• Single replacementMS + K → MK + S

• yarp

• Double replacementAB + CD → AD + CB

• CombustionCarbon source + O2 → CO2 + H2O

• yarp

Dissection of chemical reactions

The long road to glory!!!!

The list of what we shall do• 1. identify signs of a chemical reaction and

their significance• 2. determine reactants• 3. predict products• 4. Balance reactions• 5. write it as…– Words– Formulas– Drawn models

First balancing happy!!!!• Rules to balancing equations• 1. write the formulas of the reactants AND

products– MUST follow charge rules for ions!!!!

• 2. count the # of each element for the reactants

• 3. count the # of each element for the products

• Yarp that

• 4. add coefficients to the LEFT of the compound to balance elements one at a time

• 5. do this for each element– Repeat until everything is balanced!!!!!

• Sweet table… yarp

atom/element Reactants products

practice

• Silver nitrate reacts with Iron (III) chloride to produce silver chloride and iron (III) nitrate

atom/element Reactants products

• Sodium metal reacts with water to make sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

One last practice to see what we are getting into!!!!

atom/element Reactants products

Time to take the long road home

YOU WILL BE NEEDING 5 COLORED PENCILS, MARKERS, CRAYONS TO

SURVIVE!!!!!

Station 1 heating steel wool• Data and observations… what did you see?

What are the signs of a reaction?

Station 1 reaction breakdown

Station 2 lead (II) nitrate & sodium iodide• Data and observations… what did you see?

What are the signs of a reaction?

Station 2 reaction breakdown

Station 3 heating copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate• Data and observations… what did you see?

What are the signs of a reaction?

Station 3 reaction breakdown

Station 4 sodium chloride and potassium nitrate• Data and observations… what did you see?

What are the signs of a reaction?

Station 4 reaction breakdown

Station 6 calcium and hydrochloric acid• Data and observations… what did you see?

What are the signs of a reaction?

Station 6 reaction breakdown

Station 7 burning methanol• Data and observations… what did you see?

What are the signs of a reaction?

Station 7 reaction breakdown

Station 5 homemade alkaseltzer• Data and observations… what did you see?

What are the signs of a reaction?

Station 5 reaction breakdown

More station 5 if need be….

More station 5 more??? Man is this beefy!!!

We be done

• Done… done for now… now done… all done

More reaction prediction

Some cool extra tools to get the job done!!!!

Open the grid separately!!!

Acetate Bromide

Carbonate

Chloride

Hydroxide

Iodide Nitrate Oxide Phosphate

Sulfate sulfide

Aluminum S S -- S I S S I I S d

Ammonium S S S S S S S -- S S S

Barium S S I S sS S S S I I d

Calcium S S I S sS S S S I sS I

Copper (II) S S -- S I S S I I S I

Iron (II) S S I S I S S I I S I

Iron (III) S S -- S I S S I I sS d

Lead (II) S I I I I I S I I I I

Lithium S S sS S S S S S sS S S

Magnesium S S I S I S S I I S d

Potassium S S S S S S S S S S S

Silver sS I I I -- I S I I sS I

Sodium S S S S S S S S S S S

Strontium S S I S sS S S S I I I

Zinc S S I S I S S I I S I

Let us try it out!!!!

• Lithium hydroxide + magnesium bromide

• Sodium chloride + zinc nitrate

• Potassium bromide + copper (II) hydroxide

Activity series…

The sweet metal lab opens us to the last section… nice

Open grid AND activity series separate

Lab…• Rank the metals• Go over the lab.

Element

Li

K

Ba

Ca

Na

Mg

AlZnFe

Ni

Sn

Pb

Cu

Hg

Ag

Au

Decreasing activity

Try em…• Add aluminum to copper (II) chloride solution

• Add iron to sodium hydroxide solution

• Add iron to silver nitrate solution

• Calcium acetate solution reacts with potassium carbonate

Ooohhh… make me something• I want to make strontium phosphate. What

two reactants should I choose for a double replacement reaction???

How do we get to Carnegie hall?

• Practice…• Practice…• Practice!!!

• We be done…