Post on 29-Jan-2016
Chapter 6 section 3
KEY TERMS:
1. Contract Labor Act 18642. Piecework3. Sweatshop4. Division of Labor
KEY PEOPLE:
1. Frederick Winslow Taylor
Chapter 6 section 3
(Sig)
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS1. What factors led to a growing American work force between 1860 and 1900?2. What was factory work like at the turn of the century?3. Why was it necessary for entire families to work?
THE BIG IDEA Industry relied on its laborers, who worked in low-paying, unskilled jobs and often in unsafe factories.
Chapter 6 section 3
Average Shirtwaist Worker’s Week
Average Shirtwaist Worker’s Week
51 hours or less
4,554 5%
52-57 hours 65,033 79%58-63 hours 12,211 15%Over 63 hours 562 1%
Total employees, men and women 82,360
Another Struggling Immigrant Family
Another Struggling Immigrant Family
A Struggling Immigrant Family
A Struggling Immigrant Family
Out of the AshesOut of the Ashes ILGWU membership surged.
NYC created a Bureau of FirePrevention.
New strict building codes werepassed.
Tougher fire inspection ofsweatshops.
Growing momentum of support for women’s suffrage.
The Foundations Were Laidfor the New Deal Here in 1911
The Foundations Were Laidfor the New Deal Here in 1911 Al Smith ran unsuccessfully in 1928 on
many of the reform programs that would be successful for another New Yorker 4 years later – FDR.
In the 1930s, the federal governmentcreated OSHA [the Occupational Safety& Health Administration].
The Wagner Act.
Francis Perkins first female Cabinetmember [Secretary of Labor] in FDR’sadministration.
BibliographyBibliography Davis, Hadley. “Reform and the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire.” Concord Review womenshistory.about.com/gi/dynamic/ offsite.htm?site=http%3A%2F%2Fwww. tcr.org%2Ftriangle.html
“Famous Trials: The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Trial - 1911.” www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/ triangle/trianglefire.html
“The Triangle Fire.” www.ilr.cornell.edu/trianglefire/
Effects of Industrialization
Negative EffectsPositive EffectsEvent
The GrowingWork Force
1. 14 million immigrantscome to the U.S. to findwork2. Plentiful work in factories lured farmers to cities.
1. Ample supply of workersdrives wages down; whole families forced towork.
Factory Work
1.
1.
2.
3.
IncreasingEfficiency
1.
Effects of Industrialization
Negative EffectsPositive EffectsEvent
The GrowingWork Force
1. 14 million immigrantscome to the U.S. to findwork2. Plentiful work in factories lured farmers to cities.
1. Ample supply of workersdrives wages down; whole families forced to work.
Factory Work
1. To increase workerproductivity & profits.
1. Laborers – 12 hr. a day, six days a week.
2. Piecework
3. Sweatshop – long hrs., low wages & poor working conditions.
IncreasingEfficiency
1. Increased speed of machines or gave workers more work.
Effects of Industrialization
Negative EffectsPositive EffectsEvent
IncreasingEfficiency
2.
3.
The Division of Labor
1. 1.
2.
The WorkEnvironment
1. 1.
2.
3.
Effects of Industrialization
Negative EffectsPositive EffectsEvent
IncreasingEfficiency
2. Led to layoffs.
3. Workers felt owners hadtoo much control over their work.
The Division of Labor
1. The division of labor into separate tasks proved to be efficient.
1. Took much of the joy out of work.
2. Workers viewed as interchangeable parts.
The WorkEnvironment
1. Factory work offered higher pay & more opportunities.
1. Workers ruled by the clock.2. Discipline was strict.
3. Unsafe – noise-deafening lighting & ventilation poor
Effects of Industrialization
Negative EffectsPositive EffectsEventThe WorkEnvironment
4.
Working Families
1. 1.
2.
3.
4. 5. 6.
7.
8.
Effects of Industrialization
Negative EffectsPositive EffectsEventThe WorkEnvironment
4. Fatigue, faulty equipment& careless training resultedin fires & accidents.
Working Families
1. Child labor came under attack in 1890s & 1900s prompting state child labor laws.
1. Children became stunted in body & mind.
2. Nearly 1 in 5 children betw/ 10 & 16 employed.3. Children left school at 12 or 13 to work.4. Girls work – Boys school5. Parent can’t work, children as young as 6/7 went to work 6. Gov’t did not provide public assistance.7. Social Darwinism- poverty is from personal weakness8. Offering relief to unemployedwould encourage idleness.
Effects of Industrialization
Negative EffectsPositive EffectsEvent
Effects of Industrialization
Negative EffectsPositive EffectsEvent