Piecework Jan Feb 2011 Collection

7/21/2019 Piecework Jan Feb 2011 Collection

1/60

NOG\OTP/ELDT\OTP 46??

. \.[. . KOG.

p`lklwhraiojoz`gl.kh


2/60

U @ [ @ ] H \ T [ B H V ot =


3/60

Uhcuil R@R Guidlr ?

4 Ght`hgsClttlr erhi tbl lm`thr

= Koclgmor\pkhi`gj lvlgts

5 Glklss`t`lsVrhmukts he `gtlrlst

2 ]OVL[]TP]bl glw ogm ghtlwhrtby

; JLGLTO]@HG[HE[HK@OCGL]ZHTA@GJ, pojl 45

AG@]]@GJO]]BLZB@]LBH\[L, pojl =5

?6 E`rlwhras [hkas> @gsp`rlm dy ]rom`t`hgoc Ag`tt`gj ogmLidrh`mlry dy Oggo ^` cdhhrj Klcldrotl tbl Glw Plor w`tb tblsl splktokucor shkas.

?= [tllplm `g Hrlgdurj ]rom`t`hg> O [ghwoal [koredy Joc`g o O. Abilclvo

M`skhvlr o mls`jg trlosurlm dy tbl cokl ag`ttlrs he Hrlgdurj.

?0 ]-L A> O C ]dy Korhc Buldsk bl r Tbhoml s

Lxpchrl vl klgtur`ls he [wlm`sb tw`glm ag`tt`gj.

4? Kusts `g ]wh-Lgm Ag`tt`gj dy Korhc Buldskblr Tbhomls

4; Klgtlr Dchkas> [wlm`sb ]wh-Lgm I`ttlgs dy Aor `g Aobgcugm

45 G N @ C dy @gj r `m Iurgogl ]rokl tbl shkòc cèl he o Dlstwoy ag`tt`gj pottlrg tbrhujb tbrll jlglrot`hgs.

42 ]bl Dlstwoy Jchvls ]hmoy dy Ogg Dumm

;6 V @> O J Z V ZLCMHG[VTOK]@KOCGLLMCLZHTAdy Erogac `g Bod` tGht occ Zlcmhgs pottlrgs wlrl prokt`koc.

;4 Tl`gs ehr Kb`cmrlg dy Erogac `g Bod` t

;= ] J B ] [ dy Oggl Dlra]bl outbhr rl-krlotls [khtt`sb a`ct shkas.

;< ?2=5 Jhrmhg B`jbcogmlrs Tljìlgt ]ortog [hkas dy Oggl Dlra

;0 Kcoss`k B`jbcogmlrs Docihroc Dhgglt dy Oggl Korrhc c J` cihurAg`t ogm eucc o phstZhrcm Zor @@ i`c`tory dhgglt.

=4 Tl-Krlot`gj tbl [lvlgtllgtb-Klgtury Jugg`stlr [thka`gjsdy Nokqulc `gl Ell

Ag`t outblgt`k ilgs sthka`gjs.

=5 E C J K [ A K dy Ar ` s t `gl Dyrgl s]blrl wos ihrl th tbl sthry tbog ilt tbl lyl.

=0 Jrokl Khhc`mjls Jrlot-Jrogmihtblrs Khugtlrpogldy Ar ` s t `gl Dyrgl s

E / V r h n l k t s

KHC\IG[/Mlportilgts

?0

?=

H LU`s`t p`lklwhraiojoz`gl.khi ehr erll prhnlkts ogm ort`kcls,

tbl VZ`gmlx, doka `ssuls, ogm iukb ihrl.


4/60

4 V @ L K L Z H T A V @ L K L Z H T A I O J O ^ @ G L . K H I

G H @ H G [

@OI VCLO[LM H VTL[LG hur eb b`sthr`koc ag`tt`gj `ssul. @ v`v`mcy

rlilidlr hur rst hgl (Noguory/Eldruory 466:) ogm iy jrlot ogx`lty os

th wbltblr tbl splkòc `ssul `mlo whucm whra ot occ. Phuvl prhdodcy julsslm

dy ghw tbot occ h hur splkòc `ssuls bovl dllg bujl b`ts!

@g tb`s `gstoccilgt, wl lxpchrl tbl trom`t`hg h ag`tt`gj rhi uraly (shurkl

h tbl wlmm`gj shkas tbot wlrl Oggo ^`cdhhrjs `gsp`rot`hg hr blr splktokucor

E`rlwhras [hkas, pojl ?6) th tbl Zb`tl Bhusl (E`rst Comy Jrokl Khhc`mjl ogm

tbl [thry h o Ag`ttlm Khugtlrpogl, pojl =5), ogm spog hur klgtur`ls, rhi

tbl slvlgtllgtb klgturys Jugg`stlr sthka`gjs (pojl =4) th khgtliphrory

[wlm`sb ag`ttlrs wbh lidrokl tbl trom`t`hgoc tlkbg`qul h twh-lgm ag`tt`gj

(pojl ?0). @g occ h tbl sthr`ls ogm prhnlkts, wl hkus hg tbl plrshg hr plrshgs

(iogy h tbli ugaghwg) wbh w`lcmlm twh hr ihrl iltoc, whhmlg, dhgl, hr

`vhry p`gs, st`kas, hr gllmcls thjltblr w`tb yorg hr tbrlom th krlotl o tlxt`cl.

Ihst h tbl hdnlkts wl lxoi`gl blrl wlrl glklss`t`ls, wori kchtb`gj hr o

dlmkhvlr`gj, hr lxoipcl, dut shil wlrl mhwgr`jbt wokay. Erogac`g Bod`ts

Vrokt`koc @gsog`ty> O J`mmy Zb`rc tbrhujb tbl Vojls h Zlcmhgs Vrokt`koc

Gllmclwhra (pojl ;6), b`jbc`jbts o lw `g tbl cottlr kotljhry.

hmoy, tbl lghrihus phpucor`ty h Eokldhha ogm w`ttlr bos drhujbt us o

glw tlri> shkòc gltwhra`gj. Dut tbl `mlo h shkòc gltwhra`gj `s ght glw. Doka

`g tbl prl-@gtlrglt i`m-?0=6s, ilidlrs h hgl Lgjc`sb oi`cy krlotlm tbl`rhwg shkòc gltwhra rhi o pottlrg clolt hr o ag`ttlm jchvl. @gjr`m Iurgogl

tlccs tb`s sthry `g Ght Nust og @gstrukt`hg Clolt (pojl 45).

]lsl orl nust o lw lxoipcls h wbots `g tb`s splkòc `ssul. Lokb ort`kcl ogm

lokb prhnlkt bhghr ght hgcy hur r`kb ag`tt`gj blr`tojl dut ocsh tbl whra ioml

dy shilhgls bogms. @ llc lxkllm`gjcy cukay ogm jrotluc tbot tb`s klgtur`ls-hcm

tlkbg`qul khgt`guls th lgtbrocc us `gth tbl twlgty-rst klgtury.

Os ocwoys, @ wlckhil yhur llmdoka, ght hgcy hg tb`s `ssul dut ocsh hg

V`lklZhra`g jlglroc. Phu ioy kocc, wr`tl, hr l-io`c us (khgtokt `ghriot`hg `s

`g tbl iostblom ot r`jbt). Vlrbops yhu whucm càl th dlkhil o ilidlr h hur

Tlomlr Omv`shry Voglc ogm prhv`ml us w`tb hgjh`gj llmdoka. Ehr ihrl `ghr-

iot`hg odhut tb`s hpt`hg, v`s`t p`lklwhraiojoz`gl.khi ogm kc`ka hg Tlomlr

Omv`shry Voglc `g tbl c`st ot cle.

[h blrls th 46??. Ioy `t dl cclm w`tb nhy ogm og odugmogkl h bogmwhra!

LM@]HT@GKB@LE>Nlogl Butkb`gs

O[[@[]OG] LM@]HT[> Dltsy [troukb,

Aorlg DrhkaLM@]HT@OC O[[@[]OG]> Aotby Iocch

]LKBG@KOC LM@]HT[> Mloggo Bocc Zlst,

Aorlg Er`so, ]rokly Mov`mshg

LM@]HT@OC @G]LTG> Ihgào Uorjos

KTLO]@UL M@TLK]HT> C`gmo C`jhg

LM@]HT@OC OMU@[HTP VOGLC> Votr`kò Dhcthg,

Gogky Dusb, Kotblr`gl Oihrhsh Clsc`l,

[usog I. [trowg, Ilj [wogslg

ML[@JGLT> Khgstogkl Dhcclg

VBH]H[]PC@GJ, @CC\[]TO]@HG>Ogg [wogshg

VTHM\K]@HG M@TLK]HT> ]r`sb Eoud`hg

[T. VTHM\K]@HG KHHTM@GO]HT>

Iork IkKhy Hwlgs

VTHM\K]@HG LM@]HT> Gogky OrgmtKLH> Kcoy D. Bocc

V\DC@[BLT>Nhbg V. Dhcthg

ILM@O [OCL[ M@TLK]HT>Nuc`l Iokmhgocm

M@[VCOP OMULT]@[@GJ IOGOJLT>

[orob Thvlcc`

KCO[[@E@LM OMULT]@[@GJ> [tlpbog`l Jr`lss

IOTAL]@GJ [VLK@OC@[]>

Oclxogmro Cotìlr

K@TK\CO]@HG IOGOJLT> Gogky [`cevlg

V`lklZhra(@[[G ?65:-44=0) `s pudc`sblm d`-

ihgtbcy dy @gtlrwlovl Vrlss CCK, 46? L. Ehurtb [t.,

Chvlcogm, KH 26 (266) 4:4-4?0;, l-io`c soclsF`gtlrwlovl

.khi.

Lm`thròc gqu`r`ls> (0:6) ::5-?=;5, l-io`c p`lklwhra

F`gtlrwlovl.khi.

@gtlrwlovl,

46? Lost Ehurtb [trllt

Chvlcogm, Khchromh 26


5/60

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A ;


6/60

= V @ L K L Z H T A V @ L K L Z H T A I O J O ^ @ G L . K H I

K O C L G M O TK O C L G M O T

L R B @ D @ ] @ H G [

Kocc ehr Lgtr`ls.

Nugl 4=Ou-just ?4. E`dlr Klcldrot`hg 46??,`gtlrgot`hgoc nur`lm dlr orts lx-b`d`t`hg, ot tbl Ovlg`r Iuslui he

Mls`jg ogm Ilrkbogm`s`gj, Khch-romh [totl \g`vlrs`ty, Ehrt Khcc`gs,Khchromh. Lgtry mlomc`gl> Iorkb=. (;6;) 5


7/60

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A

[boj i`ttlgs.Ehcchw `g tbl ehhtstlps he ag`ttlrs erhi ogk`lgt

k`v`c`zot`hgs th thmoys thp mls`jglrs. M`skhvlr hgl iltbhm prokt`klm `g kucturls os

m`vlrsl os Ogmlog ogm Vhrtujulsl. Lxoi`gl lxqu`s`tl ?2-klgtury ag`ttlm korplts. Lxpchrl tbl cèl he o U`kthròg ag`twlor mls`jglr,

ogm ?0tb-klgtury hutcows wbh ag`ttlm cokl wb`clslrv`gj pr`shg tlris.

Ag`tt`gj ]rom`t`hgslxpchrls cokl, khchr, tlxturlogm tbl tìlclss dlouty he ag`tt`gj.


10/60


O V L [ T P

O ]rlosurl ]rhvl> ]bl Ag`tt`gj Tlelrlgkl C`drory]l \g`vlrs`ty he [hutboipthg `g Z`gkblstlr, Boipsb`rl, Lgjcogm, odhut 56 i`cls (0: ai)

erhi Chgmhg, bos og lxklcclgt rlshurkl `g `ts Ag`tt`gj Tlelrlgkl C`drory, o khip`cot`hg he tbl ag`t-

t`gj orkb`vls he tbl cotl b`sthr`og ogm khcclkthr Ihgtsl [togcly (?0=4?000), skbhcor ogm ehrilrd`sbhp T`kborm Tutt (?04 @gtlrwlovl, 466;), mhgotlm b`s pr`votl c`drory. ]l ug`vlrs`ty

tblg purkboslm o corjl khcclkt`hg he v`gtojl pottlrgs erhi Zocclr.

]l c`drory khgto`gs ihrl tbog 266 hdnlkts, ?4,666 pottlrgs, ?,666 dhhas,

ihrl tbog ?,666 phstkorms, ogm khugtclss nhurgocs bhuslm `g twh s`tls.

Dhhas, nhurgocs, iojoz`gls, pottlrgs, ogm o siocc bogmc`gj khcclkt`hg orl ot

tbl ug`vlrs`tys Z`gkblstlr [kbhhc he Ort1 Ihgtsl [togclys ag`tt`gj thhcs,

ag`ttlm hdnlkts, pbhthjropbs, phstkorms, ogm poplrs orl chkotlm `g [plk`oc

Khcclkt`hgs ot tbl ug`vlrs`tys Bortcly C`drory.

]l Ag`tt`gj Tlelrlgkl C`drory `s hplg th occ. h sprlom tbl whrm odhuttbl khcclkt`hg, tbl c`drory bos bom og `gtlrokt`vl lxb`d`t`hg w`tb ag`tt`gj

kcossls, stumy moys, ogm twh @g tbl Chhp ag`tt`gj khgelrlgkls (4662 `g Z`g-

kblstlr ogm 46?6 `g [bltcogm1 o tb`rm `s `g tbl pcogg`gj stojls ehr 46?4). U`s`t

www.shthg.ok.ua/`gtblchhp ehr mlto`cs hg us`gj tbl khcclkt`hgs, lvlgts, c`gas

th m`j`t`zlm tlxts, ogm omm`t`hgoc `gehriot`hg.

@gjr`m Iurgogl

@gs`ml tbl Ag`tt`gj

Tlelrlgkl C`drory ot tbl

Z`gkblstlr [kbhhc he Ort

ot tbl \g`vlrs`ty he [hutb-

oipthg, `g Z`gkblstlr,

Boipsb`rl, Lgjcogm.

Vbhthjropb khurtlsy he tblAg`tt`gj Tlelrlgkl C`drory.

Bockyhg Porg

Kocc ehr yhur erll kotochj!

BOCKPHG POTG

?0:? 46??Klcldrot`gj hur Tudy Ogg`vlrsory!

C`cy he tbl Uoccly [blcc

Erll pottlrg ogm sb`pp`gj w`tb purkbosl he

khml VZ46??


11/60

@gtlrwlovls iuct`-ilmò opprhokb th dlrw`cc allpyhu `g st`tkbls w`tb dhhas, iojoz`gls, tlclv`s`hg sbhws, MUMs,`gtlrokt`vl hgc`gl khiiug`t`ls, lDhhas, m`j`toc mhwgchoms,

lIojs, ogm hgc`gl sbhpp`gj lxplr`lgkls.

Hgc`glU`mlh & ]lclv`s`hg

Phur Tlshurkl ehr tblBogmioml Cèl

Lsslgtòc Hgc`gl ogm He`gl Tlshurkls ehr Ort`sts ogm Kroetlrs

Iojoz`gls Dhhas

.KHI

]lkbg`quls erhi toclgtlm, wlcc-aghwg gstrukthrs [toy khgglktlm w`tb yhur dlr khiiug`ty

@gsp`rot hg, prhnlkts ogm pottlrgs erhi thp mls`jglrs @iilrsl yhurslce g yhur poss`hg ehr dlr

wlov`gjthmoy.khi

sp`gheeiojoz`gl.khi

`gtlrwlovlsthrl.khi


12/60

?6 V @ L K L Z H T A V @ L K L Z H T A I O J O ^ @ G L . K H I

E`rlwhras [hkas@G[V@TLMdy]TOM@]@HGOCAG@]]@GJ

ogmLIDTH@MLTP

O G G O ^ @ C D H H T J

Oggo `cdhrjs ag`ttlm ogm

lidrh`mlrlm E`rlwhras shkas.

Vbhthjropb dy Nhl Khko.


13/60

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A ??

@g tbl post, ag`tt`gj trovlclm dy ortòkt. O trovlclr thhao ag`ttlm hdnlkt th o glw chkot`hg, wblrl plhpcl wbhwlrl `gtr`julm dy wbot tbly sow `jurlm hut bhw tbly

khucm mh `t tblislcvls. ]lg tbly ioml tbl`r hwg ortòkts

pottlrglm okkhrm`gj th tbl`r hwg ìoj`got`hgs. ]us ml-

vlchplm m`stlrlgt ag`tt`gj iltbhms ogm m`stlrlgt ltbg`k

pottlrgs ogm stycls. hmoy, wblg tbl aghwclmjl h ag`t-

t`gj trovlcs tbrhujb iojoz`gls, dhhas, tbl @gtlrglt, ogm

tlokblrs, wl bovl okklss th occ tbl woys plhpcl ag`t ogm tbl

tb`gjs tbly ioal. Zl kog lgjojl `g Zhrcm Ag`tt`gj, o

jlgrl tbot mhls ght mlplgm hg tbl wbìs h tbl ihilgt

dut mrows `ts `gsp`rot`hg rhi iogy trom`t`hgs, ilcm`gj

tbli borihg`huscy.

blsl port`kucor shkas dljog w`tb o wlmm`gj shka

rhi Ahgyo g uraly. ura`sb wlmm`gj shkas wlrl owoys

h gl wb`tl whhc w`tb t`gy, mlc`kotl

pottlrgs h tw`stlm trovlc`gj st`tkb-

ls (tbl tlkbg`qul tbot ihvlm th tbl

Oustròg Ocps ogm jovl us tbhsl

whgmlruc surokl mlkhrot`hgs tbot

chha càl whhm korv`gj). @ wogt-

lm tbl sp`r`t h tblsl shkas w`tbhut

bov`gj th ag`t ot ?4 st`tkbls plr gkb(odhut < st`tkbls plr ki).

@g omm`t`hg, @ wogtlm th lidrh`-

mlr iy ag`tt`gj. Lidrh`mlry `s go-

t`vl th sh iogy plhpcls.

[hil ylors ojh, @ hugm iyslc

s`tt`gj w`tb twh yhugj whilg `g

o `lcm `g \zdla`stog. bly wlrl

wotkb`gj o hka h sbllp ogm lidrh`mlr`gj siocc p`lk-

ls h kchtb. @ bom nh`glm tbli th sll wbot tbly wlrl

mh`gj. @ lxplkt `t wos os lxht`k og lxplr`lgkl hr tbli

os `t wos hr il, dut `t wos tblg ogm tblrl tbot @ mlk`m-lm tbot shilbhw @ whucm lidrh`mlr iy ag`tt`gj `g o

woy tbot khipclilgtlm dhtb tbl ag`tt`gj ogm tbl st`tkb-

`gj. Ghw tb`ga`gj h o wlmm`gj shka, @ wos chha`gj hr o

st`tkb pottlrg th lidrh`mlr.

@ hugm tbl pottlrg, wb`kb sploas th il h rlwhras, `g

]l Borihgy Ju`ml th Ag`tt`gj> lkbg`quls ogm [t`tkbls,

lm`tlm dy Mldro Ihugthrm (Glw Phra> Borihgy Dhhas,

?004). @ mh ght aghw wblrl `t koil rhi, dut @ whucm

julss tbot `t hr`j`gotlm `g o g`gltllgtb-klgtury khugtlr-

pogl pottlrg dlkousl h `ts sì`cor`ty th htblr sblcc-sboplm

pottlrgs ogm `ts usl h jortlr st`tkb. @ drhujbt `t up th motl

o d`t dy ìprhv`gj tbl chhas h tbl mlkrloslso mlto`c tbot

sploas th il h hur kurrlgt tlkbg`koc pr`ss`glss.

]l sbop`gj tlkbg`quls `g tblsl shkas orl ihmlrg. ]l

sbhrt-rhw thl ugt`c rlklgtcy wos uslm hgcy `g iokb`gl-

ioml shkas. @ càl `ts sìpc`k`ty ogm losl. ]l Lostlrg thl

dlj`gg`gj gllms gh sloi`gj hr jroe`gj. ]l ogacl sbop-

`gj ogm bllc rlprlslgt o glw `gtljrot`hg h tbl bllc `gth

tbl hht dy iostlr ag`tt`gj lgj`gllr Kot Dhrmb`. @t `s ug

th mh, ogm `t `s losy th omnust tbl k`rkuilrlgkl h tbl og-

acl dy `gkrlos`gj ihrl hr lwlr st`tkbls hg tbl hht. ]l

upplr lmjl h tbl shka usls o slwg d`gm-hst tbot `s ihrl

lcost`k tbog ogy htblr @ aghw. @t wos o jè th tbl ag`tt`gjwhrcm rhi hur potrhg so`gt, Lc`zodltb ^ìilriogg.

@ G [ T \ K @ H G [

hl

\s`gj tbl chgj-to`c iltbhm (sll lkbg`quls hg pojl

[c ?, p4:, Z&.

Thw 4>A4:, Z&.

Thw ;>V45, Z&.

I O L T @ O C [

Vcyihutb Boppy Ellt erhi tbl Myl ehr Il Khcclkt`hg,06% suplrwosb ilr`gh whhc/?6% gychg yorg, g-jlr`gj wl`jbt, =26 yorms (=;2.0 i)/=.= hz (?4< j)/sal`g, ? sal`g he #400 Zb`tl1 www.pcyihutbyorg.khi

Dcul Blrhg Toyhg Iltocc`k, ?66% royhg yorg w`tb iltoc-c`k tbrlom, Ph, a?, Qp;, a?Y = tìls, yh.Tgm 4 ogm occ lvlg rgms>A.Tgm ;>A?, yh, a?, Qp;, a?Y = tìls, yh, a?.Tgm A4, yh, a? Qp;, a?Y = tìls, yh, a4.Tgm :>A;, yh, a? Qp4thj, p?, a?Y = tìls, yh, a;.Tgm 0>A=, yh, a? Qp4thj, a?Y = tìls, yh, a=.Tgm ??>A


14/60

?4 V @ L K L Z H T A V @ L K L Z H T A I O J O ^ @ G L . K H I

Thw =>A4V0, Z&1 a?6, Z&1p??, Z&1 a?4, Z&. Khgt

whra`gj ? ihrl st lokb rhw ug-

t`c occ 40 sts orl `g usl. M`v`ml sts

hg 4 gllmcls.

Ehht

Tlihvl KH dy p`ka`gj up

lokb dhtthi cp w`tb o gllmcl

ogm pucc`gj hut tbl lgm. Phu w`cc

bovl 4: sts hplg. Orrogjl sts hg

= gllmcls sh tbot ?: sts `g tbl klg-

tlr h tbl `gstlp orl hg ? gllmclogm ?; sts hg lokb h tbl htblr

; gllmcls. Dlj ot tbl `gstlp gll-

mcl (Gllmcl ?), whra Eog pott1 hg

Gllmcl 4, a;, p4, a21 hg Gllmcl

;, a1 hg Gllmcl =, a2, p4, a;. Tlp

tb`s rgm ugt`c tbl hht ilosurls

Hg tbl glxt shcl

gllmcl (Gllmcl ;), a5, yh rhgt th doka, a?, yh doka th

rhgt. w`st tbl yhs hg tbl glxt rgm th ovh`m bhcls. Zhra

4 rgms.

Tgm ;>A5, yh rhgt th doka, a;, yh doka th rhgt. Zhra 4

rhws `g lstodc`sblm pott, tw`st`gj tbl yhs th prlvlgt o

bhcl. Khgt th `gk lvlry ;rm rgm oelr ag`tt`gj 5 sts ogm

dlhrl ag`tt`gj tbl cost 5 sts. ]l `gks hri o wlmjl

`g tbl i`mmcl h tbl shcl. @gk ?= tìls. ]lrl orl ghw

40 sts `g tbl wlmjl. ]lsl w`cc dl tbl bllc sts. ]lrl orl

5 sts hg lokb s`ml h tbl wlmjl. Ihvl tblsl sts th tbl`r

omnoklgt s`ml gllmcls.urg bllc,

A okrhss 40 bllc sts.

Thw ?>[c ?, p4:, Z&.

Thw 4>A4:, Z&.

Thw ;>V45, Z&.

Thw =>A4 M`v`ml

tbl `gstlp gllmcl hgth 4 gllmcls. Omm th lokb h tblsl gll-

mcls : sts rhi omnoklgt s`ml gllmcls. M`v`ml tbl bllc sts

hgth 4 gllmcls. [c rli s`ml sts hgth bllc gllmcls.

Zhra`gj hg bllc gllmcls,

Thw ?>[c ?, p th ? st dlhrl jop cle dy turg`gj hg tbl cost

rhw. V4 thj. urg.

Thw 4>[c ?, a th ? st dlhrl jop cle dy turg`gj hg tbl cost

rhw. [sa. urg.

Tlp tblsl 4 rhws ugt`c occ ?4 sts hg tbl s`mls h tbl shcl

p`lkl bovl dllg mlkm40 sts hg gllmcl. Kut yorg.Ghtl> @ yhur hht bos lgmlm `g o i`mmcl rhw h tbl Eog

pott, yhu w`cc bovl th dlj`g tbl doka Eog pott dlhrl tbl

bllc cop `s `g`sblm. Dlj tbl guidlr h rhws dlhrl

tbl rhgt lgmlm. Ehr lxoipcl, ` yhu lgmlm tbl hht ot Thw

:, yhu sbhucm dlj w`tb Thw ? slvlg rhws dlhrl tbl lgm

h tbl bllc cop. Phu kog khugt tblsl rhws dy khugt`gj

tbl thtoc guidlr h sts cle th mlk dlhrl tbl bllc op `s

g`sblm.

Clj

Tlorrogjl tbl sts hg tbl gllmcls hgkl ihrl sh tbot

tblrl orl ?: sts hg tbl rhgt h tbl clj, ?: sts hg tbl doka,

ogm ?; sts hg lokb s`ml gllmcl. Zhra tbl Eog pott hg dhtb

rhgt ogm doka h tbl shka. Hg tbl s`ml gllmcls, a;, p4,

a;, p4, a;.

Zblg tbl shka `s mls`rlm clgjtb, a < rgms.

E`g`sb`gj

DH. Kut yorg, clov`gj o to`c h odhut 4< `gkbls (5; ki).

]rlom tb`s hgth tbl corjlr toplstry gllmcl> *@gslrt gllmcl

os ` th p tbrhujb 4 sts hg cle gllmcl. Vucc yorg tbrhujb.

@gslrt gllmcl os ` th a `gth ?st st hg cle gllmcl. Vucc yorg

tbrhujb ogm mrhp tb`s st hst gllmcl. (Mh ght pucc tbl yorg

tbrhujb t`jbtcy!) Tlp rhi * ugt`c occ sts orl dhugm hst.

Lidrh`mlry[ll st`tkb mòjrois odhvl. Zhra stli st`tkb `g tbl

i`mmcl h lokb og r`d, toa`gj o st`tkb `g lvlry rhw. Ot

tbl lgm h lokb r`d, whra o Voclstr`go aght (ocsh kocclm o

mhudcl aght). Zhra o kodcl-kbo`g st`tkb mhwg tbl klgtlr

h lokb p4-r`d hg tbl s`mls h tbl shkas. [t`tkb hvlr 4 rhws

hr lokb kb ogm ? rhw hr lokb kodcl.

ODH\ BL ML[@JG LT.Iostlr ag`ttlr Oggo `cdhhrj c`vls g tbl

Dcul T`mjl Ihugto`gs he U`rj`gò, splgm`gj blr tìl ag`tt`gj, mls`jg`gj,

ogm sp`gg`gj.

[tli [t`tkb

[t`tkb mòjrois erhi Iory ]bhioss M`kt`hgory he Lidrh`mlry [t`tkbls, lm`tlm dy Nog Lothg, khurtlsy he ]roeocjor [quorlDhhas1 www.troeocjordhhas.khi.

Kodcl-Kbo`g [t`tkb

Voclstr`go Aght


15/60

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A ?;

PH\T CHKOC POTG []HTLHGC@GL!

ZZZ.N@IIPDLOG[ZHHC.KHI (2::) NDZ - AG@] (


16/60

?= V @ L K L Z H T A V @ L K L Z H T A I O J O ^ @ G L . K H I

Joc`go O.

Abilclvos

ag`ttlm

[ghwoal

skore.

Vbhthjropb dyNhl Khko.


17/60

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A ? [c ?st st h lvlry rhw pw`sl wy.

\s`gj chgj-to`c iltbhm (sll lkbg`quls hg pojl [c ?, a4, yh, a4thj, yh, a;, a? st ogm pcokl doka hg

cle gllmcl1 mh ght whra cost st4 sts hg cle gllmcl.

Thws 4, =, 5, 2>A os rlturg rhws.

Thw ;>[c ?, a4, yh, a4thj, yh, a=, a? st ogm pcokl doka hg


Thw [c ?, a4, yh, a4thj, yh, a5. Ot tbl lgm h Thws ? ogm

;, a ogm pcokl doka hg cle gllmcl krlotlm 4 cps. \sl ? cp

th x d`j jop dltwllg sts> V`ka up ? cp ogm pcokl hg cle

gllmcl ogm a4thj w`tb cost st h Thw [c ?, a4, yh, a4thj, yh, a5, a? st ogm pcokl doka hg

cle gllmcl1 mh ght whra cost st4 sts hg cle gllmcl. Tl-turg Thw 2 sbhucm bovl ?= sts.

Khgt th hcc Kbort O.

[lt-\p Thw ?>(T[) [c ?, a;, yh, a4thj, yh, a4thj, a5, pi.

Z`tb Z[ h dhrmlr ok`gj, p`ka up ogm a tdc A os rlturg rhws.

Thw ;>[c ?, a4, yh, a4thj, yh, a;, a? st ogm pcokl doka hg


Thw [c ?, a4, yh, a4thj, yh, a V`ka up ? cp ogm pcokl hg cle

gllmcl ogm a4thj w`tb cost st h Thw


18/60


19/60

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A ?:

doka hg cle gllmcl1 mh ght whra cost st4 sts hg cle

gllmcl.

Thw [c ?, a;, yh, a4thj, yh, a4thj, a;. Ot tbl lgm h

Thws ? ogm ;, a ogm pcokl doka hg cle gllmcl krlotlm

4 cps. \sl ? cp th x d`j jop dltwllg sts> V`ka up ? cp

ogm pcokl hg cle gllmcl ogm a4thj w`tb cost st h Thw

[c ?, a;, yh, a4thj, yh, a4thj, a?, a? st ogm pcokl


gllmcl1 rlturg Thw 2 sbhucm bovl ?6 sts thtoc.

hp Dhrmlr

Ehcchw hp Dhrmlr h Kbort K rhi Thws ????. Hg

tbl cost st h tbl dhrmlr (hmm rhw), a4thj w`tb ?st st h

dhmy h skor ogm pcokl doka hg cle gllmcl. urg ogm a

rlturg rhw1 rlp tb`s hplrot`hg ugt`c hhtb #:. Ot tbl gor-

rhw port h tbl thhtb ogm hg hmm Thw ???, tblrl sbhucm

dl ?? sts, w`tb yorg `gs`ml.

Ot dlj h [lt-up Thw 4, = sts wlrl mlkm1 hr thp dhr-mlr, gllm th `gk = sts. Zhra = slts h sbhrt-rhws spoklm

lvlgcy okrhss thp dhrmlr dy whra`gj tbl glxt T[ rhw th ?

st rhi lgm, turg (mh ght a cost st thj w`tb dhmy st), whra

Z[ rhw. Khgt whra`gj dhrmlr hgth dhmy. ]l thp dhr-

mlr `s g`sblm hg pott Thw ???. Z`tb yorg `gs`ml ogm i

hg cle-s`ml dhrmlr, ihvl i th r`jbt-bogm gllmcl ogm a

rlturg rhw h cle-s`ml dhrmlr?= sts. [tort th whra Khr-

glr #= hg Z[ h ag`tt`gj.

urg =tb Khrglr

Thw ?>[c ?, a;, yh, a4thj, yh, a4thj, a=, a? st ogm pcokl


gllmcl.

Thws 4, =, 5>A os rlturg rhws ogm a4thj ot lgm h lokb

rhw, mlk s`ml h thhtb.

Thw ;>[c ?, a;, yh, a4thj, yh, a4thj, a;, a? st ogm pcokl

doka hg cle gllmcl1 mh ght whra cost st4sts hg cle

gllmcl.

Thw [c ?, a;, yh, a4thj, yh, a4thj, a;. Ot tbl lgm h

Thws ? ogm ;, a ogm pcokl doka hg cle gllmcl krlotlm

4 cps. \sl ? cp th x d`j jop dltwllg sts> V`ka up ? cp

ogm pcokl hg cle gllmcl ogm a4thj w`tb cost st h Thw

[c ?, a;, yh, a4thj, yh, a4thj, a?, a? ogm pcokl doka

hg tbl cle gllmcl1 mh ght whra cost st. Vcokl tblsl twh

cost sts hg r`jbt gllmclyhu sbhucm bovl ?? sts hg lokbgllmcl. Tlihvl is ogm jroe rli ?? c`vl sts thj.

Jroe Dhrmlrs

[c ? st rhi r`jbt gllmcl th cle gllmcl. Dr`gj 4gm st hg

cle gllmcl tbrhujb tbl sc st, sc tb`s st th r`jbt gllmcl, mrhp-

p`gj tbl ?st st hst tbl gllmcl. Dr`gj 4gm st hg r`jbt gllmcl

tbrhujb tbl sc st, sc tb`s st hgth cle gllmcl, mrhpp`gj tbl

?st st hst. Khgt `g tb`s iogglr ugt`c ?st rli. Kut o sbhrt

Kbort D

rlplot??tìls

?=:

?= [ll `ps hr wh-Lgm Ag`tt`gj s`mldor hg

pojl 4=.

Kut o =-yorm (;.:-i) p`lkl h Dcoka yorg. Ioal o

sc`paght us`gj ; lgms> tb`s strogm h Dcoka, o strogm h

Dcoka, ogm o strogm h Zb`tl rhi tbl docc1 tbl sc`paght

mhls ght khugt os o st. KH :4 sts us`gj tbl wh-Lgm Kost-

Hg ? (sll lkbg`quls hg pojl Ioal surl tbot lokb gllmcl dlj`gs w`tb o Dcoka

st. Dr`gj dhtb Dcoka strogms th tbl rhgt h tbl whra ogm

p 4 rgms, ocwoys dr`gj`gj glw yorg ugmlrhcm. Zhra kbort

os hcc> Zhra ;5 sts (Gllmcls ? ogm 4) okkhrm`gj th kbort,

Qa? w`tb Dcoka, a? w`tb Zb`tlY ?2 tìls (Gllmcls ; ogm =),

ocwoys dr`gj`gj glw yorg hvlrhcm. Khgt `g pott tbrhujb

Thw ?2 h kbort.

]uid Jusslt

Tgm ?0>Zhra kbortlm sts, tblg a? w`tb Dcoka1 `g glxt st,

`gk dy a `gth st w`tb Dcoka, tblg a Zb`tl `gth soil st

(dhtb sts whralm `gtherhgth st)1 khgt `g pott th lgm

h rgm:; sts.

@gk `g tb`s iogglr lvlry rgm ?; ihrl tìls, io`gto`g-

`gj tbl str`pl slqulgkl (hg lvlry htblr rgm, tblrl w`cc dl 4

omnh`g`gj Dcoka sts)25 sts1 Thw ;4 h kbort `s khipcltl.

Zhra 0 rgms lvlgThw =? h kbort `s khipcltl.Tgm =4>Zhra kbortlm sts, tblg a? w`tb Dcoka1 pcokl glxt

4; sts hgth bhcmlr1 KH 0 sts (octlrgot`gj Zb`tl ogm

Dcoka), tblg whra `g pott th lgm h rgm:4 sts rli.

Zhra lvlg tbrhujb Thw :6 h kbort, whra`gj cost st h

cost rgm w`tb Dcoka.

[bopl `p

Mlk Tgm>*@gslrt r`jbt gllmcl (lipty gllmcl) tbrhujb

doka cps h rst 4 sts hg glxt gllmcl, tw`st r`jbt gll-

mcl doka ogm p`ka up cost st hg prlv gllmcl (mrhpp`gj

I O L T @ O C [

Zcstlmts Porg, ?66% whhc ^-pc`lm twh-lgm yorg, ;2 sts ogm ;2 rgms 9 = `gkbls (?6.4 ki) `g twh-lgm [t st

[ll pojl


26/60

4= V @ L K L Z H T A V @ L K L Z H T A I O J O ^ @ G L . K H I

`t hst prlv gllmcl), dr`gj p`kalm-up st tbrhujb tbl 4

cps ogm mrhp tbli hst*, whra `g pott th dlj h Gllmcl

;, rlp rhi * th *, whra g pott th cost st h Gllmcl =, a?

w`tb Dcoka= sts mlkm.

Tlp mlk rgm lvlry rgm ?; ihrl tìls?5 sts rli. Or-

rogjl sts hg 4 mpg ogm, bhcm`gj gllmcls porocclc, nh`g sts

us`gj A`tkblglr [t`tkb (sll lkbg`quls hg pojl QA? w`tb Zb`tl, a?

w`tb DcokaY ?2 tìls (Gllmcls ? ogm 4), whra ;5 sts (Gll-mcls ; ogm =), rlom`gj kbort rhi cle th r`jbt. Khgt `g pott

tbrhujb Thw ?2 h kbort.

]uid Jusslt

Tgm ?0>Zhra th cost 4 sts h Gllmcl 41 `g glxt st, `gk dy a

`gth st w`tb Zb`tl, tblg a `gth soil st w`tb Dcoka1 khgt

`g pott th lgm h rgm:; sts.

@gk `g tb`s iogglr lvlry rgm ?; ihrl tìls, io`gto`g-

`gj tbl str`pl slqulgkl (hg lvlry htblr rgm tblrl w`cc dl 4

omnh`g`gj Dcoka sts)25 sts1 Thw ;4 h kbort `s khipcltl.

Zhra 0 rgms lvlgThw =? h kbort `s khipcltl.

Tgm =4>Zhra 45 sts `g pott, pcokl glxt 4; sts hgth bhcmlr1

KH 0 sts (octlrgot`gj Dcoka ogm Zb`tl), a? w`tb Dcoka,

tblg whra `g kbortlm pott th lgm h rgm:4 sts rli.

Zhra lvlg tbrhujb Thw :6 h kbort, whra`gj cost st

h Gllmcl = hg cost rgm w`tb Dcoka. [bopl t`p os hr r`jbt

i`ttlg, ioa`gj surl th whra cost st h Gllmcl 4 ogm = w`tb

Dcoka hg occ rgms. Zhra tbuid os hr r`jbt i`ttlg.

E`g`sb`gj

Zlovl `g chhsl lgms glotcy hg Z[. C`jbtcy ucc

tbl i`ttlgs `g shopy cualwori wotlr1 r`gsl tbhr-

hujbcy. Thcc `g o thwlc th odshrd lxklss wotlr. Coy cot

th mry.

O D H \ B L M L [ @ J G L T . Aor`g Aobgcugm c`vls ogm whras `g

Clasogm, [wlmlg.

Vottlrg trogscot`hg dy Korhc B. Tbhomls.]bl doka he

hgl he Aor`g

Aobgcugms

Klgtlr Dchkas

i`ttlgs ag`ttlm

`g tbl trom`t`hg-

oc [wlm`sb twh-

lgm tlkbg`qul.


* Zhra os j`vlg g m`rlkt`hgs

*

*

*

50

5:

5

Lxplr`lgkl o whrcm he dlr rstbogm w`tb

[p`gAg`t, hur glw mygoi`k m`j`toc lIoj. @t's

dloutèuc, ìilrs`vl, ogm pokalm w`tb lxplr`-

lgkls tbot ioal rlom`gj ihrl eug tbog lvlr.

[p`gAg`t lxpogms tbl bhr`zhgs he bogmsp`gg`gjo eus`hg he tbl ogk`lgt kroet he bogmsp`gg`gj

w`tb tbl vlry kutt`gj lmjl he m`j`toc tlkbghchjy. ]bl lxplr`lgkl `s ghtb`gj sbhrt he ioj`koc.

E`dlr, gllmcls,sp`gmcl, wbllc

255-0=0-?5=5


28/60


@g ?0=6, iy iotlrgoc

jrogmihtblr, Iyrtcl

Jrllg, tblg `g blr i`m-

twlgt`ls, wos whra`gj `go bodlrmosblrs `g Glw-

phrt, @scl h Z`jbt, Lg-

jcogm. Dr`to`g wos `g

tbl jr`p h Zhrcm Zor

@@ (?0;0?0=


29/60

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A 4:

skorkl tblrl, Iyrtcl slgt blr moujb-

tlr shil. Oihgj tbli wos tbl Dlst-

woy jchvl pottlrg, wb`kb Jrokl ogm

C`z uslm w`tb m`sbkchtb khtthg yorg th

ioal jchvls tbot tbly uslm hr must-

`gjtbly stortlm shiltb`gj h o trlgm

oihgj tbl`r r`lgms. Jrokl rlkoccs dl-`gj rotblr ottokblm th tbl pottlrg os

`t rli`gmlm blr h c`v`gj `g [`gjophrl

ogm h tbl jrlot tìls sbl bom w`tb

blr r`lgm C`z.

@ wos dhrg sbhrtcy oelr Jrokl ogm

Vouc ihvlm doka th Dr`to`g. Jrokl rl-

turglm tbl pottlrg th Iyrtcl os sbl

whucm usl `t tbl ihst.

@g ?02?, wblg @ wos `vl, Iyrtcl

(iy Gog) toujbt il th ag`t wb`cl @

wos hg bhc`moy ot blr bhusl. Os tblhgcy jrogmkb`cm ot tbot tìl, @ rlkl`vlm pclgty h ottlg-

t`hg. @ bom occ tbl usuoc prhdclis w`tb mrhpplm st`tkb-

ls ogm bhcls `g iy jortlr-st`tkb tlmmy-dlor skorvls. [hhg

lghujb, @ dljog th usl pottlrgs1 `g okt, @ clorglm th `g-

krlosl ogm mlkrlosl rhi tbl Dlstwoy jchvl pottlrg.

@ oi hgm h tbot jchvl pottlrgghwogm oi prhum

tbot shil h iy ag`tt`gj sa`ccs koil rhi us`gj `t w`tb

Gog. Dut `g ?02:, @ hugm iyslc `g dhorm`gj skbhhc ogm

`g gllm h o glw po`r h jroy w`gtlr skbhhc jchvls. Dl-

twllg tbli, iy ihtblr ogm jrogmihtblr omoptlm tbl

Dlstwoy pottlrg th t o kb`cms bogms ogm ag`ttlm up o po`r

hg twh gllmcls, sudst`tut`gj mhudcl

ag`tt`gj yorg hr tbl =-pcy splk`lm `g

tbl gstrukt`hgs. Octbhujb tbot ioml

o kbugay jchvl, tbl io`g tb`gj wos

tbot tbly bom ag`ttlm tbl jchvls hut h

chvl `gstlom h nust duy`gj o po`r.

@ yhu tb`ga tbot @ wos jrotluc hr

tb`s chvlcy bogmkroelm po`r h jchvls,

ioml nust hr il, yhurl wrhgj. @

wb`glm tbot tbly wlrl tbl wrhgjkhchr, m`mgt t r`jbt, ogm `g jlglroc

wlrlgt tbl soil os tbl jchvls occ iy

skbhhc r`lgms bom> iokb`gl-ag`ttlm

hgls rhi Ioras ogm [plgklr. Iui

ogm Gog r`jbtcy kocclm il ugjrotluc.

@ rluslm th lvlr wlor tbl jchvls, ogm

tbly wlrl khgs`jglm th sthrojl. (Phu

kog sll rhi tbl pbhthjropb ot r`jbt

tbot tbly bovl susto`glm o c`ttcl sto`g

moiojl `g tbl `gtlrvlg`gj ylors.)

Zblg Iyrtcl m`lm, `g ?00=, @ `g-

blr`tlm occ h blr gllmcls. Iui alpt

shil pottlrgs1 sbl port`kucorcy `gkcum-

lm tbl Dlstwoy jchvl pottlrg, os t wos

hgl h tbl cost hgls tbot Iyrtcl bomuslm `g ag`tt`gj hr o oi`cy ilidlr.

Dlkousl h tbl`r khgglkt`hg w`tb Iyr-

tcl, Iui ocwoys bos alpt tbl pottlrg

ogm tbl skbhhc jchvls thjltblr.

@g 466:, os port h iy iostlrs

mljrll, @ rlslorkblm tbl sthry h tbl

Dlstwoy jchvl pottlrg. @ bom aghwg

tbot `t bom dllg uslm hr wortìl ag`t-

t`gj, dut @ ghw rloc`zlm bhw iukb `t

wos port h iy hwg oi`cys ag`tt`gj

b`sthry. @ mlk`mlm tbot @ sbhucm ioalo rlpc`ko h iy skbhhc jchvls, tbl dlttlr th opprlkòtl tbl

whra ogm lsthrt tbot bom jhgl `gth ioa`gj tbli. (Iui

coujblm wblg @ thcm blr tb`s.) @ bom iogy prhdclis w`tb

yorg ogm joujl. @ `t bom dllg ogy htblr pottlrg, @ prhdo-

dcy whucm bovl odogmhglm `t ot tb`s ph`gt ogm kbhslg og-

htblr. ]ot @ khucm ght dr`gj iyslc th mh sh prhvlm th

il tbot iy liht`hgoc `gvlstilgt `g tbl pottlrg ogm tbl

jchvls wos ihrl tbog @ bom tbhujbt.

]l ihst gtlrlst`gj tb`gj odhut tb`s pottlrg hr il th-

moy `s `ts rhcl os og ojlgt h shkòc gltwhra`gj. ]l kbort

hg pojl 40 sbhws tbl pottlrg dhhaclts khgglkt`hgs th plh-

]bl jchvls

tbot @gjr`m

Iurgogls

ihtblr ogm

jrogmihtblr

ag`ttlm ehr blr

wblg sbl wos

ot dhorm`gj

skbhhc. ]bly

omoptlm tbl

Dlstwoy iogs

jchvl pottlrg.

Vbhthjropb

khurtlsy he@gjr`m Iurgog

@gjr`m Iurgog

iogs jchvl tb

sbl ag`ttlm g

466:, us`gj tb

Dlstwoy pottl

Vbhthjropb dyJ`cls Dodd`mjl.


30/60


pcl wbh ag`ttlm jchvls us`gj t (sbhwg w`tb jrllg orrhws),

tbhsl wbh clorglm th ag`t us`gj `t (dcul orrhws), ogm tbhsl

wbh rlkl`vlm jchvls ag`ttlm erhi `t (rlm orrhws).

]l Dlstwoy pottlrg `s og `gstrukt`hg clolt, `ts trul,

dut ehr il, `ts ocsh o togj`dcl c`ga th iy jrogmihtblr,

th tbl ag`tt`gj sa`ccs tbot sbl posslm ochgj th iy ihtb-

lr ogm il, ogm th tbl t`ils wblg wl ag`ttlm thjltblr. @tlvhals phwlreuc ilihr`ls, ogm `t `s o port he hur eoi`cy

ag`tt`gj b`sthry.

]`s ort`kcl wos omoptlm rhi o clkturl tbl outbhr prlslgtlm ot tbl 4662

@g tbl Chhp ag`tt`gj khglrlgkl `g Z`gkblstlr, Lgjcogm, ogm pudc`sblm dy

ag`thgtblglt.khi `g @ssul 0, [lptlidlr 4, 4660.

ODH\BLO\BHT.@gjr`m Iurgogl `s o jromuotl h tbl ios-

tlrs prhjroi `g B`sthry h lxt`cls ogm Mrlss ot tbl lxt`cl Khg-

slrvot`hg Klgtrl g Z`gkblstlr, Lgjcogm. [bl s o tlxt`cl ort`st ogm

sa`ccs tlokblr, kroe sa`ccs rlslorkblr, ogm allg ag`ttlr. [bl ocsh `s

o rllcogkl loturl wr`tlr, ag`twlor mls`jglr, ogm oss`stogt lm`thr

h ag`thgtblglt.khi hgc`gl iojoz`gl. U`s`t blr wlds`tl ot www

.`gjr`miurgogl.khi1 sbl s ocsh hg Tovlcry os @gjr`m Iurgogl.

]bl iogs jchvls

ag`ttlm dy

Ogg Dumm, us`gj

tbl Dlstwoy pot-

tlrg. O pbhth-

jropb toalg g

tbl ?0;6s he

Iyrtcl Jrllg,

@gjr`m Iurgogls

jrogmihtblr,

wbh purkboslm

tbl Dlstwoy

Ag`twlordhhaclt,

`s ot r`jbt.


]blDlstwoy Jchvls ]hmoyO G G D \ M M


31/60


32/60

;6 V @ L K L Z H T A V @ L K L Z H T A I O J O ^ @ G L . K H I

@gmllm, tbl vhcuils h

Zlcmhgs,prhmuklm `g Chg-

mhg dltwllg tbl cotl ?226s

(wblg U`kthrò plrkblm

r`j`mcy hg tbl tbrhgl) ogm

?0?< (`vl ylors otlr blr

ihrl ugdutthglm shg Lm-

worm sc`m h `t hr tbl cost

tìl), hstlr shdlr whhclgs

su k`lgt th kchtbl og lgt`rl

hig`dus h M`kalgsòg hr-

pbogs. Gllm o kblop sbowc

hr o phhr whiog8 Khgsuct

Zlcmhgs Vrokt`koc Ag`ttlr,

E`rst [lr`ls,`g Uhcuil ?.

Ag`tt`gj hr og gvoc`m w`tb

khcm llt8 Zlcmhgs Vrokt`koc

Ag`ttlr, b`rm [lr`ls (Uhc-

uil ?), bos tbl vlry dhhts hr bì hr blr.

Dut Zlcmhgs bos oghtblr, c`jbtlr s`ml. @t `s helg styc`sb,

shiltìls lvlg ovogt jorml. Erhi tbl rst, pco`g p`lklsorl i`xlm w`tb ogky> blrl o sìpcl i`ttlg, tblrl o dlom-

lm kust. Hkkos`hgoccy o prhnlkt w`tb lxht`k hvlrthglso

Ducjoròg Blom Mrlss (Vrokt`koc Krhkblt, Lclvlgtb [l-

r`ls, Uhcuil


33/60

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A ;?

mcl [boml Gh. 45 (E`rst [lr`ls, Uhcuil

:) j`vls o kurshry ghm th `rl solty `g

rlkhiilgm`gj rlprhh poplr, dut ihst

htblrs khggl tblislcvls purlcy th ols-

tblt`ks. [boml Gh. ?;, o whgay duttlry

(ocsh E`rst [lr`ls), `s rlkhiilgmlm spl-

kòccy hr pògh kogmcls, os `t sbomls tblc`jbt rhi tbl lyls w`tbhut m`vlrt`gj `t

rhi tbl ius`k. (@ kogt blcp whgmlr`gj

bhw iogy kbori`gj plrhriogkls h

Bhil, [wllt Bhil wlrl ru`glm wblg

tbl pòg`st wlgt up `g oils.)

Zlcmhgslgtbusòst`k `gtrhmukt`hg th

iokroi `g tbl rst vhcuil khils os o

sbhka th shilhgl wbh ocwoys ossuilm

tbot iokroi jlglrotlm sphgtoglhus-

cy `g tbl lorcy ?0:6s wblg o dhttcl h

potkbhuc` h`c ogm o nuj h kblop w`gl lcc`gth o rlmwhhm bht tud. ]l lm`thrs rllr

th `t tbrhujbhut os iokroi cokl, dut tbl

wocc bogj`gjs `g tbl E`rst ogm [lkhgm [l-

r`ls chha nust càl tbl`r ugcoky twlgt`ltb-klgtury khugtlr-

ports. ]l ]`rm [lr`ls drogkbls hut `gth dlcc puccs, th`clt

t`m`ls, whra dojs, ogm wocc phkalts, dut mlsp`tl tbl oppor-

lgt plgkbogt h Zlcmhgssudskr`dlrs hr lgkos`gj hwlr-

phts g kr`gaclm poplr, tblrl orl gh pottlrgs hr iokroi

pcogt bhcmlrs.

Kb`cmrlgs jorilgts, os`ml rhi og hkkos`hgoc bot

sh thp-blovy `t sllis càlcy th sgop tbl dodys glka `g

twh, orl ihstcy `gghkuhus ogm rlqulgtcy opploc`gj. @ts

tbl thys ogm okklsshr`ls tbothplg o w`gmhw hgth `g-

ml-s`kcl kb`cmbhhm tbot i`jbt dl dlttlr alpt sbut.

Khgs`mlr tbl uc`p Tottcl ogm Zb`stcl Khid`glm

`g Zlcmhgs Vrokt`koc Krhkblt, wlgty-Eèb [lr`ls (Uhc-

uil ?6), o cllr`gj pop`lr-ikb slvlrlm blom hg o st`ka

lilrj`gj rhi o kcustlr h iuct`khchrlm krhkbltlm plt-

ocs. ]l bogmcl `s korvlm os o wb`stcl, prlsuiodcy sh tbot

o kb`cm `gsu k`lgtcy trouiot`zlm dy tbl s`jbt h og lv`c

sp`r`t phpp`gj hut h o hwlr kog dl stortclm `gth kototh-gò dy o sbr`cc dcost `g b`s lor.

]lg tblrls tbl Io`c Kort [trop `g Zlcmhgs Vrokt`koc

Ag`ttlr, ]`rty-Eèb [lr`ls (Uhcuil ?4), wb`kb tbl lm`thr

omv`sls w`cc ioal og okklptodcl c`ttcl jè hr tbl ihtblr h

sugmry siocc kb`cmrlg wbh orl yhugj lghujb th rug shil

r`sa h occ`gj hut h tbl io`c kort wblg toalg hut hr tbl`r

mo`cy o`r`gj. @ bom th whgmlr> Zbot wlrl tbl kb`cmrlg mh-

`gj `g o io`c kort8 Zlrl io`c korts sukb o khiihg bozorm

tbot o rlomlr whucm tb`ga, Ot cost, shil-

tb`gj th allp Lupbliò rhi occ`gj hut

h tbl io`c kort8 Zlrl tbl strops mlkh-

rotlm w`tb tbl kb`cms goil os og o`m th

`mlgt`y`gj ogm rlturg`gj occlg kb`cmrlg8

Ogm wbot ilssojl whucm tbl okklpt-

odcl c`ttcl jè khgvly th tbl byphtblt`-koc ihtblr h sugmry, sc`pplry kb`cmrlg>

Blrl, @ ioml tb`s hr yhu s`gkl yhu allp

skottlr`gj yhur a`ms g tbl pora ogm glvlr

slli th ght`kl wblg hgl h tbl c`ttlr jhls

i`ss`gj8(Clorg`gj, cotlr, rhi ]lDchj

he tbl Vroi Iusluiot www.proiwotkb

.khi tbot tbl io`c kort wos o prlkurshr h

tbl ihmlrg dody korròjl wos i`cmcy

dut hgcy i`cmcyrlossur`gj.)

@ rls`stlm tblsl ogm htblr mls`jgs hr

kb`cmrlg, dut wblg @ sphttlm Tl`gs hrKb`cmrlg `g Zlcmhgs Vrokt`koc Ag`ttlr,

Eèb [lr`ls (Uhcuil 4), @ sthpplm mlom

`g iy trokas. @t shugmlm càl shiltb`gj

iy porlgts whucm bovl vlry iukb opprlkòtlm wblg iy

yhugjlr s`stlr wos twh, ogm ojo`g wblg sbl wos hurtllg.

Mlsp`tl tbl goil, bhwlvlr, tbl rl`gs orl supphslm th dl o

thy, juorogtllm th osthrm o jrlot mloc h oiuslilgt, dl-

s`mls dl`gj kop`toc lxlrk`sl. Iy omoptot`hg h tbl Zlc-

mhgs gstrukt`hgs hr tbl rl`gs hcchws tb`s ort`kcl.

Odhut Zlcmhgs

@g og lsthrt th dr`gj gllmclwhra th og lilrj`gj i`mmcl kcoss `g U`kthrògLgjcogm, slvlroc Chgmhg khipog`ls dljog pudc`sb`gj pottlrgs ogm `gstruk-

t`hgs `g tbl cotl g`gltllgtb klgtury. \gcàl htblr khgtliphrory plr`hm`kocs,wb`kb rog hgl hr twh gllmclwhra prhnlkts plr `ssul, tblsl glw pudc`kot`hgs

wlrl mlvhtlm shclcy th gllmclwhra.Zlcmhgs, wb`kb dljog os o poplr pottlrg khipogy, dlkoil hgl h tbl

ihst rlkhjg`zlm gllmclwhra pudc`sblrs `g Lgjcogm. Odhut ?22 Zlcmhgs Vrokt`koc Ag`ttlr, Zlcmhgs Vrokt`koc Votkbwhra, Zlc-

mhgs Vrokt`koc Dozoor Ort`kcls, Zlcmhgs Vrokt`koc Krhkblt, Zlcmhgs Vrokt`kocKrhss-[t`tkb,ogm sh hg1 tbly wlrl guidlrlm khgslkut`vlcy, dlj`gg`gj w`tb

tbl E`rst [lr`ls. ]rll ylors cotlr, tbl khipogy dljog th pudc`sb o slr`ls hvhcuils t`tclm Zlcmhgs Vrokt`koc Gllmclwhra, lokb o khip`cot`hg h twlcvl

h tbl glwsclttlrs. Uhcuil ?6, hr lxoipcl, `gkcumls oppc`qu lidrh`mlry,krhkblt, ag`tt`gj, clotblrwhra, p`gkusb`hgs, ph`gt cokl, ogm r`ddhg pco`t`gj.

@gtlrwlovl pudc`sblm oksì`cl lm`t`hgs h tbl rst twlcvl vhcuils hZlcmhgs Vrokt`koc Gllmclwhra. Uhcuils 4 ogm < tbrhujb ?4 orl ovo`codcl ot

p`lklwhraiojoz`gl.khi1 kc`ka hg Dhhas `g tbl kotljhry c`st hg tbl cle.

]uc`p Tottcl ogm Zb`stcl Khid`glm,

Zlcmhgs Vrokt`koc Krhkblt, ]wlgty-

Eètb [lr`ls (Uhcuil ?6).


34/60


]l rlqu`rlm iotlròcs wlrl lw

ogm kchsl ot bogm. [hhg @ wos stor-

`gj ot tbl khipcltlm ort`kcl ogmos @

bovl gh kb`cmrlgllc`gj sc`jbtcy r`-

m`kuchus. @ kocclm tbl yhugj ihtblr

upsto`rs ogm osalm @ khucm put o slt

h rl`gs hg blr twh-ylor-hcm moujb-tlr. [hpb`l htlg bos dllg prlsslm

`gth ihmlc`gj htblr hmm d`ts h ag`t-

t`gj sh blr ihtblr ojrllm `gstlom h

pbhg`gj Kb`cm Vrhtlkt`vl [lrv`kls.

[hpb`l `s o tbhrhujbcy ihmlrg

thmmclr, okkusthilm th khiputlr-

`zlm thys tbot n`jjcl ogm cosb ogm

toca doka. Lvlg blr tlmmy dlor sploas tbrll cogjuojls. @

susplktlm tbot wblg khgrhgtlm w`tb o thy wbhsl w`cm-

lst loturl s o n`gjcl dlcc, sbl whucm l`tblr sp`t up hr mhzl

hst. Zl sc`pplm blr oris tbrhujb tbl pommlm chhps, blr

ihtblr thha tbl rl`gs, ogm wl wo`tlm.

[hpb`l chhalm puzzclm. ]lg sbl thha o stlp. ]l dlccs

n`gjclm. [bl j`jjclm. [bl thha oghtblr stlp. Ihrl n`gjc`gj.[bl bhpplm, sbìi`lm, ogm tblg thha hst ot o ucc jocchp.

]`s `s oioz`gj! sbhutlm blr ihtblr hvlr tbl roka-

lt h dlccs ogm squloc`gj. [hpb`l progklm càl o C`p`zzog-

lr `g p`ga hvlroccs. [bls jh`gj th scllp càl o chj thg`jbt!

Kog wl allp tb`s8

[hiltìls, t sllis, tbl iprokt`koc kog dl vlry prok-

t`koc. [khrl hgl hr Zlcmhgs.

Tl`gs ehr

Kb`cmrlg,

Zlcmhgs

Vrokt`koc Ag`ttlr,

Eètb [lr`ls

(Uhcuil 4).

Tl`gs ehrKb`cmrlgE T O G A C @ G B O D @

Erogac`g Bod`t trogscotlm tbl pottlrg hr Tl`gs hr Kb`cmrlg rhi Zlcmhgs Vrokt`koc Gllmclwhra, Uhcuil 4

(Eoksì`cl lm`t`hg. Chvlcogm, Khchromh> @gtlrwlovl, 4666). Zlcmhgs, o Chgmhg pottlrg khipogy, dljog pud-

c`sb`gj tbl gllmclwhra pottlrg dhhas `g tbl cotl ?226s (sll Odhut Zlcmhgs s`mldor hg pojl ;?). ]l pottlrg

stotls, ]lsl rl`gs orl qu`kacy ogm los`cy ag`ttlm, ogm osthrm o jrlot mloc h oiuslilgt th kb`cmrlg, dls`mls dl-

`gj kop`toc lxlrk`sl. ]hsl U`kthrògs!

@ G [ T \ K @ H G [

Ghtl>[c ?st st h occ rhws wy.

Kblst Voglc

KH 4= sts. A 55 rhws. DH. Zlovl `g lgms hg Z[.

Z`tb o mhudclm strogm h lidrh`mlry tbrlom, lidrh`-

mlr < corjl stors hg rhgt h tbl kblst poglc os sbhwg. \s-

`gj whhc yorg, ricy t`l tbl dlccs th tbl rhgt h tbl poglc

orhugm tbl klgtlr stor.

Ori Chhps (ioal 4)

M`v`ml khtthg khrm `gth twh -yorm (6.


35/60

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A ;;

`gkbls (??.: dy = @gtlrwlovl, 4662) ogm prhpr`lthr he tbl

ag`tt`gj dchj ]bl Voghpt`khg(tbl-poghpt`khg.dchjspht.khi). Bl trov-

lcs w`mlcy th sploa ogm tlokb, hetlg hg thp`ks rlcotlm th tbl b`sthry heag`tt`gj, lsplk`occy tbl euggy d`ts.

Occ he tbl `ccustrot`hgs sbhwg blrl orl erhi @gtlrwlovls eoks`i`cl lm t`hgs heZlcmhgs Vrokt`koc Gllmclwhra. ]bl vhcuil guidlr `s c`stlm `g tbl kopt`hg.

Erogac`g Bod`t

ag`ttlm Tl`gs

ehr Kb`cmrlg1

ihmlclm dy

twh-ylor-hcm

[ovoggob Dco`Vbhthjropb dyNhl Khko.

I O ] L T @ O C [

Kcoss`k Lc`tl Porgs [t-Mlg`s Ghrm`qul, ?66% whhc yorg,MA wl`jbt, ?


36/60

;= V @ L K L Z H T A V @ L K L Z H T A I O J O ^ @ G L . K H I

]BL VT@IOTP HD[OKCL ok`gj gllmclwhra b`sthrògs `s tbl coka h ovo`codcl ortòkts. ]`s `s ls-

plkòccy trul hr bogmag`ttlm hdnlkts, wb`kb wlrl ioml th dl whrg. Vottlrgs os wl aghw tbli th-

moy bovl khil th us dy whrm h ihutb hr os ghtls skr`ddclm `g mòr`ls, shurkls tbot orl dhtb skorkl

ogm m` kuct th `gtlrprlt. ]l rl-krlot`hg h khstuils rhi [khtt`sb b`sthry `s ioml lvlg ihrl kbocclgj`gj

dy tbl m`sopplorogkl h v`rtuoccy occ tortog pottlrgs oelr Dr`to`gs Mrlss Okt h ?:=5 rlstr`ktlm tbl wlor`gj

h trom`t`hgoc [khtt`sb kchtb`gj th [khtt`sb shcm`lrs jbt`gj hr Lgjcogm.

]bl Jhrmhg B`jbcogmlrsogm]BL@T[HKA[

O G G L D L T A

H klr he tbl

04gm Jhrmhg

B`jbcogmlrs

Tlom`gj th tbl

]rhhps, Lm`g-

durjb Kostcl.

Vbhthjropb dy

Thdlrt Omoishg

(?24??2=2).Opr`c 0, ?2=5.

[octlm poplr

pr`gt erhi poplr

gljot`vl.


37/60

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A ; ]l B`sthry & lkbg`quls he Bogmag`ttlm Ehhtwlor(Chvlcogm, Khchromh> @gtlrwlovl, ?00=) khgto`gs og ug-

motlm pbhthjropb h ortog [hkas w`tb o trom`t`hgoc Khi-

ihg Bllc. ]lsl shkas, bhwlvlr, opplor th bovl dllg or

blov`lr tbog tbl Jhrmhg shkas ogm sì`cor g khgstrukt`hg

th tbl Jlgtclilgs ortog Bhsl `g Uhcuil < h Zlcmhgs

Vrokt`koc Gllmclwhra,hr`j`goccy pudc`sblm `g Lgjcogm `g

tbl ?226s (oksì`cl lm`t`hg, Chvlcogm, Khchromh> @gtlr-

wlovl, 466?).

]l hht trlotilgt tbot @ lvlgtuoccy omhptlm opplors `g

Mls`jgs ehr Ag`tt`gj A`ct Bhsl ogm Ag`kalrdhkalr [thka`gjs,

khcclktlm dy Ulrhg`ko Jo`ghrm ogm hr`j`goccy pudc`sblm`g [khtcogm `g ?0:2 (rlv`slm lm`t`hg, V`ttsv`ccl, Z`skhg-

s`g> [kbhhcbhusl Vrlss, ?00=). Comy Jo`ghrm wos dhrg

`g Chgmhg g ?066 ogm c`vlm `g Orjycc, [khtcogm, oelr blr

busdogm dlkoil Chrm Jo`ghrm `g tbl ?0;6s. [bl wos o

ag`ttlr rhi tbl ojl h vl ogm khcclktlm ag`tt`gj pottlrgs

rhi blr oi`cy ogm khiiug`ty. ]lrl `s og Orjycc [hka

pottlrg `g tbl dhha (dut gh pbhthjropb hr okkhipogy-

`gj mrow`gj), wb`kb sbl ghtls khils rhi Z.T.@. Blom-

quortlrs. (Octbhujb @ kogt ìoj`gl wby tbly whucm bovl

pudc`sblm og orjycl shka pottlrg, tbl ihst càlcy `mlgt`ty

h Z.T.@. `s Zor Tls`stlrs @gtlrgot`hgoc, og hrjog`zot`hg

hugmlm g Lgjcogm g ?04?.) Okkhrm`gj th tbl pottlrg, tbl

bllc `s spc`t `gth twh p`lkls mhwg tbl klgtlr. @ bom th ag`t

`t th gm hut wbot `t whucm chha càl ogm wbltblr `t whucm

dl tbl ihst outblgt`k kbh`kl hr tbl

Jhrmhg shkas.

@gtorsò-doslm pottlrgs orl ag`t-

tlm ot hr losl h lxlkut`hg. [hkas

jlglroccy orl nh`glm `g tbl rhugm

hr tbl hht otlr khipclt`gj tbl

`gtorsò phrt`hg. Comy Jo`ghrms

pottlrg mhls ght `gkcuml tb`s kus-thiory stlp dut m`rlkts tbl ag`ttlr

th whra tbl lgt`rl shka hg twh gll-

mcls. blrl orl m`st`gkt omvogtoj-

ls th tb`s iltbhm> hgcy twh gllmcls

orl rlqu`rlm, ogm tbl dchka`gj ogm

wlov`gj `g h lgms orl sìpc``lm.

bl khgstrukt`hg iltbhm sllis

hmm th o ihmlrg ag`ttlr, dut hgkl

yhu try `t, yhu rloc`zl bhw losy `t `s

khiporlm th whra`gj ot ogm tblg khgvlrt`gj th whra-

`gj `g tbl rhugm.]l Z.T.@. pottlrg `s ug`qul `g bov`gj o s`gjcl sloi

tbot rugs mhwg tbl clj ogm bllc ogm ugmlr tbl hht. @t ioy

dl ugusuoc, dut `ts ug th ag`t, ogm `ts tbl hgcy outblgt`-

koccy [khtt`sb pottlrg tbot @ bovl hugm `g pr`gt. ]l g-

`sblm shka s vlry khihrtodcl. ]l sloi s gv`s`dcl rhi

tbl r`jbt s`ml h tbl whra ogm ght port`kucorcy ght`klodcl

th tbl wlorlr.

M`skhvlr`gj tbl lorcy pbhthjropb h tbl Jhrmhg B`jb-

cogmlrs wlor`gj tbl`r tortog shkas wos og oioz`gj jè.

Tlslorkb`gj bhw tbl shkas ioy bovl dllg khgstruktlm,

mlk`m`gj bhw th rl-krlotl tbli, ogm oktuoccy ag`tt`gj o

po`r h shkas tbot chha càl tbl hgls mlp`ktlm `g tbl pbh-

thjropb bos dllg og omvlgturl. Octbhujb yhu orl wlc-

khil th sudst`tutl o ihrl ihmlrg hht khgstrukt`hg, @

bhpl tbot yhu w`cc try tb`s ugusuoc pottlrg.

@ G [ T \ K @ H G [

Z`tb KK?, KH 06 sts. Zhra ot `g a?, p? r`d hr ? `gkb

(4.< ki). Kut KK?, ottokb KK4, ogm whra ot `g a?, p? r`d

hr 4 `gkbls ((Z[) V.

Thw ?>(T[) A? w`tb KK?, whra 22 sts okkhrm`gj th Mò-ihgms kbort, a? w`tb KK?.

Zhra`gj rst ogm cost st h lokb rhw `g KK? hr KK4

(soil khchr os rst ogm cost st h kbort), whra Thws ?=4

h kbort 4 tìls, tblg whra Thws ?4? hgkl ihrl.

E`rst Boc h Bllc

Zhra bllc us`gj IK hgcy.

[lt up rhw>(Z[) V 4; sts, turg whra.

Zhra tb`s boc h bllc doka ogm hrtb hg tblsl 4; sts.

Thw ?>[c ?, a44.

Hgl he

Oggl Dlras

rl-krlotlmJhrmhg B`jb-

cogmlr shkas

dlehrl sloi`g

Vbhthjropb dyOgg [wogshg.

I O L T @ O C [

Zlds Uoccly Porgs Bugt`gjthg, :


40/60


Thw 4>V4;.

Tlp Thws ? ogm 4 ellg ihrl tìls?5 sc sts hg `g-

s`ml lmjl.

A ? rhw.

]urg Bllc

Thw ?>V5, p4thj, turg.

Thw 4 ogm occ lvlg-guidlrlm rhws>A.

Thw ;>V:, p4thj, turg.Thw V2, p4thj, turg.

Thw :>V0, p4thj, turg.

Thw 0>V?6, p4thj, turg.

Thw ??>V??, p4thj, turg.

Thw ?;> V?4, p4thj, turg.

Thw ?V?;, p4thj, p??< sts rli hr bllc.

Drloa IK.

Z`tb Z[ ok`gj, nh`g KK? th klgtlr sts (`gstlp).

[lt up ehr 4gm boce he bllc hg htblr s`ml> (Z[) Zhra == sts

okkhrm`gj th Thw ? h kbort, p4; w`tb IK.

[lkhgm Boc h BllcZ`tb IK, whra tb`s boc h bllc doka ogm hrtb hg 4;

sts.

Thw ?>A4;.

Thw 4>[c ?, p44.

Tlp Thws ? ogm 4 ellg ihrl tìls?5 sc sts hg `g-

s`ml lmjl.

]urg Bllc

Thw ?>A5, a4thj, turg

Thw 4 ogm occ lvlg-guidlrlm rhws>V.

Thw ;>A:, a4thj, turg.

Thw A2, a4thj, turg.

Thw :>A0, a4thj, turg.

Thw 0>A?6, a4thj, turg.

Thw ??>A??, a4thj, turg.

Thw ?;>A?4, a4thj, turg.

Thw ?A?;, a4thj, a??< sts rli hr bllc.

Jusslt

Khgt w`tb T[ ok`gj ogm IK, p`ka up ogm a ?5 sts

ochgj s`ml h bllc, pi, whra == `gstlp sts okkhrm`gj th

Thw 4 h kbort, pi, w`tb IK, p`ka up ogm a ?5 sts ochgj

s`ml h bllc, a th lgm?65 sts thtoc.

[bopl Jusslt

Thw ?> (Z[) V th i w`tb IK, whra `gstlp sts `g kbortlmpott, p th lgm w`tb IK.

Thw 4>(T[) A th ; sts dlhrl i w`tb IK, a4thj, a?, whra

`gstlp sts `g pott, w`tb IK a?, a4thj tdc, a th lgm4

sts mlkm.

Tlp cost 4 rhws : ihrl tìls06 sts rli. Zhra lvlg

`g [t st tbrhujb lgm h kbort (tblg whra Thws ?4? h

kbort hgkl ihrl, ` mls`rlm). Tlihvl is.

Ehht

Zhra lvlg w`tb IK hgcy ugt`c p`lkl ilosurls 2

`gkbls (4?.5 ki) rhi doka h bllc hr ; `gkbls (:.5

ki) clss tbog mls`rlm `g`sblm clgjtb, lgm`gj w`tb oT[ rhw.

]hl

[lt-up Thw> (Z[) V4, p4thj, p th cost = sts, p4thj, p4

22 sts rli.

[bopl ]hl

Thw ?>A?0, a4thj, a?, pi, a?, a4thj tdc, a;2, a4thj, a?,

pi, a?, a4thj tdc, a?02= sts rli.

Thw 4 ogm occ lvlg-guidlrlm rhws>V.

Thw ;> (mlk rhw) *A th ; sts dlhrl i, a4thj, a?, sc i,

a?, a4thj tdc1 rlp rhi * hgkl ihrl, a th lgm= sts

mlkm.

Tlp Thws 4 ogm ; hurtllg ihrl tìls, tblg whra Thw

4 hgkl ihrl4= sts rli. [c sts hgth wostl yorg bhcmlr.

E`g`sb`gj

Zlovl `g chhsl lgms us`gj tbl toplstry gllmcl. Zlovl

`gth ogm orhugm tbl `gtlrchkalm sts, slkur`gj korluccy

ochgj tbl Z[ surokl. Z`tb o moip kchtb ogm bht `rhg,

prlss korluccy. [lw up sloi us`gj iottrlss st (sll ]lkb-

g`quls hg pojl @gtlrwlovl, 46?6). Blr

kurrlgt poss`hg `s orjycl shkas1 sbl `s tbl mls`jglr ogm outbhr he [b`du`

Orjycl, o dhhaclt he orjycl pottlrgs(Vhrtcogm, Hrljhg>[b`du` Ag`ts,

46?6). [bl tbogas Aotbcllg Ogmlrshg, D`cc Dlra, Mldhrob Dlra, Jr`g-

glcc Khccljl C`drory, [tlvl Lca`gs, Mldhrob Thdshg, ogm [usog [trowg

ehr tbl`r oss`stogkl hg tb`s ort`kcl ogm prhnlkt.

IK

KK?

KK4

pott rlp

Aly =?

;0

;:

; Os whrg mo`cy dy `gtlrprltlrs ot Vcì-

htb Vcogtot`hg `g Vcyihutb, Iossokbusltts, tbl jortlr-

st`tkb bllc ops h tbl umhr sthka`gjs khgglktlm w`tb o

tbrll-gllmcl d`gm-hst bovl o vlry sbhrt c`l dlhrl tbl llt

gllm th dl rlpcoklm. Ehr prokt`koc`ty, tblrlhrl, tbl bllc

ogm thl orl whralm `g tbl ihmlrg iogglr, hr llc rll th

sudst`tutl oghtblr prllrrlm stycl. Ag`tt`gj `g o rl`ghrkl-

ilgt tbrlomo [bltcogm-wl`jbt whhc hr o dclgm w`tb 4A4, p?, a;, p?, a th w`tb`g : sts he lgm he rgm, p?,

a;, p?, a4.

Tgm 4>A.

Zhra tbl klgtlr doka sloi th tbl stort he tbl bllc

op.

]`jb Mlkrlos`gj

Mlk Tgm w`tb Klgtlr Doka [loi> A4, p?, a;, p?, a?,

a4thj, a th ?6 sts erhi lgm, ssa, a?, p?, a;, p?, a44

sts mlkm.

Zhra o mlk rgm lvlry =tb rgm ?= tìls hg Tgms ?, : sts ogm ?6 rhws 9 ? `gkb (4.< ki)

[ll pojl


47/60

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A =(T[) *[c ? os ` th p, wyd, a ?*1 rlp rhi *th* okrhsstbl rhw.

Thw 4>[c ? os ` th p, wy, p okrhss tbl rhw.

Tlp Thws ? ogm 4 hr 4 `gkbls (5.= ki), lgm`gj w`tb

o p rhw.

Bllc sbop`gj,

Thw ?>(T[) [c ? os ` th p wyd, a 46, pssh, a?, turg.

Thw 4>[c ? os ` th p wy, p[c ? os ` th p wyd, a5, pssh, a?, turg.

Thw =>[c ? os ` th p wy, p:, p4thj, p?, turg.

Khgt whra`gj ? ihrl st dlhrl

tbl mlk hg dhtb tbl a ogm p rhws

ugt`c occ sts bovl dllg whralm. Lgm

oelr o p rhw.

Jusslt

[lt-\p Thw>A okrhss tbl sts hg tbl

bllc gllmcl. Hgth tbl soil gll-

mcl, p`ka up ogm a ?2 sts rhi tblkb ot tbl s`ml h tbl bllc (Gll-

mcl ?).

A tbl `gstlp sts rhi tbl bhcm-

lrs hgth ? gllmcl (Gllmcl 4). Hgth

oghtblr gllmcl, p`ka up ogm a ?2 sts

rhi tbl kb ot tbl s`ml h tbl bllc

ogm a h tbl sts rhi tbl bllc

gllmcl (Gllmcl ;). A ? rgm.

]h sbopl tbl jusslt,

Tgm ?>A th tbl cost ; sts hg Gllmcl

?, ssa, a?1 a okrhss tbl `gstlp stshg Gllmcl 41 hg Gllmcl ;, a?,

a4thj, a th tbl lgm h tbl rgm

4 sts mlkm.

Tgm 4>A.

Tlp Tgms ? ogm 4 ugt`c Gllmcls

? ogm ; lokb bovl ?0 sts.

Ehht

Khgt a rgms ugt`c tbl hht `s 4

`gkbls (5.= ki) clss tbog mls`rlm

clgjtb.

]hl sbop`gj,

Tgm ?>Hg Gllmcl ?, a th tbl cost

; sts, ssa, a?1 hg Gllmcl 4, a?,

a4thj, whra th tbl cost ; sts, ssa,

a?1 hg Gllmcl ;, a?, a4thj, a th

lgm h tbl rgm= sts mlkm.

Tgm 4>A.

Tlp Tgms ? ogm 4 ugt`c Gllmcls

? ogm ; bovl 5 sts ogm Gllmcl 4 bos

?4 sts. A tbl 5 sts h Gllmcl ? hgth

Gllmcl ; ogm jroe tbl ?4 sts th tbl

?4 sts w`tb A`tkblglr [t`tkb (sll

]lkbg`quls hg pojl Ag`t Krlot`vl, [loi-Erll [wlot-

lrs hg Phur Hwg w`tb Ogy Porg (4gm Tlv`slm ogm Lxpogmlm Lm`-

t`hg, Koimlg, Io`gl> Mhwg Lost Dhhas, 4664). @g pr`gt ehr ihrl tbog

twlgty-vl ylors, tbl dhha bos lgodclm tbhusogms he ag`ttlrs th lgnhy

khipcltl erllmhi th whra tbl`r hwg joujl w`tb ogy yorg, bogmspug hr

i`ccspug, th krlotl swlotlrs he tbl`r hwg mls`jg. Noka`l spc`ts blr tìl

dltwllg B`gjboi, Iossokbusltts, ogm Mllr @scl, Io`gl, wblrl swlotlr

wlotblr prlvo cs ehr o jhhm port he lokb ylor.

]HV]HDH]]HI> Mlto`c he Nokqulc`gl

Ells rlprhmukt`hg he tbl Jugg`stlr

sthka`gjs, sbhw`gj tbl klgtlr doka

sloi, blr kchka mls`jg, ogm tbl thl.Vbhthjropbs dy Nhl Khko.

=;

=?

;0

;:

; ]bl @iojls ogm Voromhxls he Khchgòc Tlv`voc

Gllmclwhra.Z`gtlrtbur Vhrtehc`h, Uhc. 44 Gh. 4/;, [uiilr-

Outuig ?002.

Boidurjlr, [usog. Zl ]oal Korl he hur Zhilgehca> ]bl Bhil

ehr Gllmy Khgelmlrotl Zhilg g T`kbihgm, U`rj`gò, ?202

?006 `g Dlehrl tbl Glw Mloc> [hkòc Zlceorl g tbl [hutb ?2;6

?0;6. Otblgs, Jlhrjò> \g`vlrs`ty he Jlhrjò Vrlss, ?000.

Iokmhgocm, Oggl C. Gh @mcl Bogms> ]bl [hkòc B`sthry he Oilr`kog

Ag`tt`gj.Glw Phra> Doccogt`gl Dhhas, ?022.

Irs. Khhc`mjl O`ms Bhil ehr Khgelmlrotl Zhilg. Glw Phra

]ìls, Mlklidlr ;6, ?045.

Vb`cc`ps, Iory Zocalr. Ag`tt`gj Khugtlrpogls> ]rom`t`hgoc Khvlr-

clt Vottlrgs ehr Khgtliphrory Ag`ttlrs. Glwthwg, Khgglkt`kut>

]ougthg Vrlss, ?020.

Jrokl Khhc`mjlsJrlot-Jrogmihtblrs Khugtlrpogl

A T @ [ @ G L D P T G L [

]bl [ugmoy, Ghvlidlr 4?, ?045, Glw Phra Blrocm

]r`duglogm htblr glwspoplrs pudc`sblm tbl pot-

tlrg ehr tb`s ag`ttlm dlmsprlom kocc`gj sìpcy ehr QkY

htthg yorg ogm QsYtllc gllmcls, guidlr ?:. Irs.

Khhc`mjls ghtls hg tbl pottlrg rlkhiilgm us`gj chgj

stllc gllmcls sh tbot tbl lgt`rl dchka ioy dl ag`ttlm

w`tb twh gllmcls dy us`gj khras hr sloc`gj wox hg tbl

lgms th prlvlgt tbl st`tkbls sc`pp`gj hst tbl gllmcls. ]l

gllmcls kocclm ehr `g tbl hr`j`goc orl gh chgjlr ioml.

]ly whucm bovl ilosurlm dltwllg o ihmlrg s`zl 6666

(?.4< ii) ogm o 66666 (?.6 ii).

O rlpr`gt he tbl pottlrg `g Oggl Hrrs Mlkhrot vl Dlm-

sprloms Ag`tt`gj(Gosbv`ccl, lgglssll> Oggl Hrr [tum`h,

?0=?) upmotls tbl iotlròcs c`st, rlkhiilgm`gj lkru

ag`tt`gj khtthg (`t `s og hcm mls`jg, QogmY ghtb`gj whucm

dl chvlc`lr th usl ehr ioa`gj Q`tY) ogm stllc gllmcls gh.

?=, lqu`voclgt th o khgtliphrory s`zl 66 (?.:< ii).

@ ioml tbl squorl sbhwg blrl us`gj tbl dhhaclts rlkhi-

ilgmlm iotlròcs.

]bl squorl

Ar`st`gl Dyrgl

ag`ttlm erhi

E`rst Comy Jrok

Khhc`mjls

pottlrg

ehr Jrlot-

Jrogmihtblr

Khugtlrpogl.



52/60

KH ? st, clov`gj o chgj to c hr sloi`gj. urg.

Thws 40>Ph, a th lgm0 sts lgm h Thw 0.

Thw ?6 (T[)> [c st os th p (w cc dl mhgl hr ?st st hg lvlry rhw

rhi ghw hg th allp lmjl chhsl)1 a4, yh*, p?, yh**, a?, yh*,

p?, yh**, a;.Thw ??>[c ?, a=, p;, a[c ?, a4, yh*, p4, a?, yh**, a?, yh**, a?, p4, yh*, a;.Ghtl>

M`rlkt`hgs h yhs w cc ght dl splk`lm g rli h pott1 nust hc-

chw rucls os slt hrtb g lxpcogot`hgs odhvl.

Thw ?;>[c ?, a[c ?, a th i, sc i, p th glxt

i, sc i, a th lgm.

Thw ?5>[c ?, a4, yh, p=, sc i, a;, yh, a?, yh, a;, sc i, p=, yh, a;.

Thw ?2>[c ?, a4, yh, p[c ?, a4, yh, p0, sc i, a2, yh, a?, yh, a2, sc i, p0, yh, a;.

Thw 42>[c ?, a4, yh, p?6, sc i, a0, yh, a?, yh, a0, sc i, p?6, yh,

a;=0 sts1 clo iht `s ot w`mlst ph`gt ogm sbhucm bovl ?6

mhudcl rhws h bhcls.

Thw ;6>[c ?, a4, yh, p??, sc i, sap, a?:, a4thj, sc i, p??, yh, a;.Thw ;4>[c ?, a4, yh, p?4, sc i, sap, a?[c ?, a4, yh, p?;, sc i, sap, a?;, a4thj, sc i, p?;, yh, a;.

Thw ;5>[c ?, a4, yh, p?=, sc i, sap, a??, a4thj, sc i, p?=, yh, a;.

Thw ;2>[c ?, a4, yh, p?[c ?, a4, yh, p?:, sc i, sap, a[c ?, a4, yh, p?2, sc i, sap, a;, a4thj, sc i, p?2, yh, a;.

Thw =5>[c ?, a4, yh, p?0, sc i, sap, a?, a4thj, sc i, p?0, yh, a;.

Thw =2>[c ?, a4, yh, p46, sc i, sap, poss tbl glxt st hvlr tbl cost

st (hri`gj tbl thp h tbl clo), sc i, p46, yh, a;.

Thw [c ?, a4, yh, a=; (rlihvl is), yh, a;.Thw [c ?, a4, p=[c ?, a4, p5:, a;.Thw :=>[c ?, a4, yh, a4, a4thj, a?, yh, a?, Qyh, a?, sap, a?, a4thj,

a?, yh, a?Y : tìls, yh, a?, sap, a4, yh, a;.

Thw :5>[c ?, a4, yh, p50, yh, a;.

Thw :2>[c ?, a4, yh, a=, a4thj, a?, yh, a?, Qyh, a?, sap, a?, a4thj,

a?, yh, a?Y : tìls, yh, a?, sap, a=, yh, a;.

Thw :0>[c ?, a4, p:;, a;.

Thw 26>[c ?, a4, yh, a?, Qyh, a?, sap, a?, a4thj, a?, yh, a?Y 0

tìls, yh, a;.

Thw 24>[c ?, a4, yh, p: Odhut 2 `gkbls (44 ki) squorl

Joujl> Joujl `s ght kr`t`koc ehr tb`s prhnlkt

[ll pojl


53/60

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A [c ?, a:, Qp0, a0Y 5 tìls, p0, a2.

Thw 04>[c ?, a4, yh, p[c ?, a4, yh, p5, Qa[c ?, a4, yh, p0, Qsap, a0, a4thj, p0Y : tìls, yh, a;.

Thw ?6?> [c ?, a?4, Qp??, a0Y : tìls, a=.

Thw ?64>[c ?, a4, yh, p?6, Qsap, a:, a4thj, p0Y : t ils, p?, yh, a;.

Thw ?6;>[c ?, a?;, Qp0, a0Y : tìls, a [c ?, a4, yh, p??, Qsap, a[c ?, a4, yh, p?4, Qsap, a;, a4thj, p0Y : t ils, p;, yh, a;.

Thw ?6:>[c ?, a?[c ?, a?5, Qp;, a0Y : tìls, a2.

Thw ??6>[c ?, a4, yh, p?=, Qsap, poss glxt st hvlr cost st, p0Y :

tìls, p[c ?, a?:, Qp?, a0Y : tìls, a0.

Thw ??4> [c ?, a4, yh, a0?, yh, a;.

Thw ??;>[c ?, a4, p0;, a;.

Thw ??=>[c ?, a4, yh, a?, (yh, sap) =5 t ils, yh, a;?6? sts1 w`m-

lst ph`gt ogm cost gk.

Thw ??[c ?, a4, p0[c ?, a?66.Thw ??:>[c ?, a?66.

Thw ??2>[c ?, a4, p4thj, p0?, p4thj, a;.

Thw ??0> [c ?, a02.

Thw ?46>[c ?, a4, a4thj, a th cost < sts, sap, a;.

Thw ?4?>[c ?, a4, p th cost ; sts, a;.

Thw ?44>[c ?, a4, a4thj, a th cost < sts, sap, a;.

Thw ?4;>[c ?, a th lgm.

Thw ?4=>[c ?, a4, p4thj, p th cost < sts, p4thj, a;.

Thw ?4[c ?, a th lgm.

Thws ?45?;?>Tlp cost 5 rhws.

Thw ?;4>[c ?, a4, a4thj, a th cost < sts, sap, a;.

Thw ?;;>[c ?, a4, p th cost ; sts, a;.

Tlp cost 4 rhws 4 ihrl tìls.

Tlp Thws ?46?4< tbrll ihrl tìls.

Thw ?[c ?, a4, a4thj, a[c ?, a4, p4thj, p?, Qa=, p=Y < tìls, a=, p4, p4thj, a;.

Thw ?5;>[c ?, a[c ?, a4, p4thj, p;, Qa=, p=Y < tìls, sap, a;.

Thw ?5:>[c ?, a4, p?, Qa=, p=Y < tìls, a:.

Thw ?52>[c ?, a4, p4thj, p4, Qa=, p=Y = tìls, a=, p;, p4thj, a;.

Thw ?50>[c ?, a4, Qa=, p=Y < tìls, a5.Thw ?:6>[c ?, a4, a4thj, a?, Qp=, a=Y = tìls, p=, a4, sap, a;.

Thw ?:?>[c ?, a4, p;, Qa=, p=Y = tìls, a=, p4, a;.

Thw ?:4>[c ?, a4, a4thj, Qp=, a=Y = tìls, p=, a?, sap, a;.

Thw ?:;>[c ?, a4, p4, Qa=, p=Y = tìls, a=, p?, a;.

Thw ?:=>[c ?, a4, a4thj, a th cost < sts, sap, a;.

Thw ?:[c ?, a4, p th cost ; sts, a;.

Thw ?:5>[c ?, a4, p4thj, p th cost < sts, p4thj, a;.

Thw ?::>[c ?, a th lgm.

Thw ?:2>[c ?, a4, p4thj, p th cost < sts, p4thj, a;.

Thw ?:0>[c ?, a4, p th cost ; sts, a;.

Tlp cost 5 rhws 4 ihrl tìls.

Thw ?04>[c ?, a4, a4thj, a?:, sap, a;.

Thw ?0;>[c ?, a4, p?0, a;.

Thw ?0=>[c ?, a4, p4thj, p th cost < sts, p4thj, a;.

Thw ?0[c ?, a th lgm.

Tlp cost 4 rhws : ihrl tìls.

Thw 4?6>[c ?, a?, a4thj, a?, sap, a4.

Thw 4??>[c ?, a5.

Thw 4?4>[c ?, a4thj, a?, sap, a?.

Thw 4?;>[c ?, a=.

Thw 4?=>A4thj, a?, a4thj.

Thw 4?[c ?, a4.

Thw 4?5>[c ?, a4thj, pssh. Kut yorg, clov`gj o chgj to c ehr sloi-`gj. Vucc tbrhujb cost st.

E`g`sb`gj

Zblg ehur dchkas bovl dllg khipcltlm, sloi tbli th-

jltblr w`tb tbl s`gjcl corjl clovls `g tbl klgtlr. Ioal os iogy

os gllmlm th tbl mls`rlm s`zl he g`sblm whra. O krhkbltlm hr

ag`ttlm cokl lmj`gj ioy dl ommlm orhugm tbl dhrmlr he tbl g-

`sblm whra.

O D H \ ] ] B L O \ ] B H T O G M M L [ @ J G L T . Ar`st`gl Dyrgls `s o

ag`ttlr, sp`gglr, ogm sblpblrm `g klgtroc Glw Nlrsly .


54/60

Dr`gj tbrlomlm gllmcl tbrhujbdoka st`tkb os ` th ag`t ogm clovl st`tkb

hg gllmcl.[tlp ;>Dr`gj tbrlomlm gllmcl tbrhujbrst rhgt st`tkb os th ag`t ogm sc`p tb`sst`tkb hst gllmcl. Dr`gj tbrlomlm gllmcltbrhujb glxt rhgt st`tkb os ` th purc ogm clovl st`tkb hg gllmcl.[tlp =>Dr`gj tbrlomlm gllmcl tbrhujb rst doka st`tkb os ` th purc (os `ccustrot-lm), sc`p tb`s st`tkb hst, dr`gj gllmcl tbrhujb glxt doka st`tkb os ` th ag`t, clovltb`s st`tkb hg gllmcl.Tlplot [tlps ; ogm = ugt`c gh st`tkbls rlio`g hg gllmcls.

]wh-Lgm Kost-Hg ?

b`s kost-hg `s whralm os hr chgj-to`c kost-hg dut w`tb twh strogms octlrgot`gj hr tbl `gmlx gjlr yorg. ]l glw strogm ocwoys ihvls hvlr tbl hcm hgltbot `s, owoy rhi yhu ogm orhugm tbl gllmcl wb`cl tbl hcm strogm `s blcm kchslr th yhu `g yhur poci.

Bhcm yorgs os hr chgj-to`c kost-hg w`tb tbl =-yorm (;.: i) strogm os tbl tbuiyorg ogm o dcoka strogm rhi tbl yorg docc hvlr `gmlx gjlr. Kost hg rst st`tkbGhw usl yhur r`gj hr i`mmcl gjlr th kotkb tbl dcoka `gmlx gjlr strogm ogmbhcm `t `g yhur r`jbt poci. Dr`gj tbl wb`tl strogm rhi tbl docc `gth phs`t`hogm kost hg tbl glxt st`tkb. Jrosp ogm bhcm tbl wb`tl strogm ogm khgt`gul, octlgot`gj dcoka ogm wb`tl g slqulgkl. Phu ioy gllm th ugtw`st tbl yorgs portwotbrhujb tbl kost-hg. Bhcm tbl tbuid yorg `g hgl bogm ogm mrhp tbl yorg docsh tbl htblr twh strogms kog ugtw`st.

Korhc Buldskblr Tbhoml

]wh-Lgm Kost-Hg 4

bl wh-Lgm Kost-Hg 4 (ocsh kocclm tbl Jlriog-tw`stlkost-hg iltbhm) `s hgl h tbrll kost-hg iltbhms typ`koccuslm. Ghrioccy, hgl usls tbrll strogms hr tb`s twh-lgm kosthg, dut tbl hcchw`gj `s o s`ipc`lm iltbhm.

*Bhcm yorgs os hr chgj-to`c kost-hg. Gllmcl jhls th rhgogm ugmlr dhtb strogms hg tbuid, tblg t`ps up ogm khilmhwg hg doka tbuid strogm. Dr`gj doka strogm hrwormogm ugmlr rhgt tbuid strogm ogm pucc up th ioal o c`ttcl lylclt. Gllmcl (st`cc tbrhujb lylclt) jhls doka thworm gmlx gjlr, hvlr rhgt strogm hg `gmlx gjlr, t`ps mhwg, ogmdr`gjs strogm hrworm tbrhujb lylclt th hri chhp hg gllmcl. `jbtlg lgms ogm rlplot rhi *.

Korhc Buldskblr Tbhoml

Iottrlss [t`tkb [loiZ`tb T[ h ag`tt`gj ok`gj, usltbrlomlm gllmcl th p`ka up hgldor dltwllg rst twh st`tkbls hghgl p`lkl (E`jurl ?), tblg khrrl-sphgm`gj dor pcus tbl dor odhvl

`t hg htblr p`lkl (E`jurl 4). *V`kaup glxt twh dors hg `rst p`lkl,tblg glxt twh dors hg htblr (E`j-url ;). Tlplot rhi * th lgm hsloi, g`sb`gj dy p`ka`gj up costdor (hr po`r h dors) ot tbl thp hrst p`lkl.

E`jurl ;

E`jurl ?

E`jurl 4

Clov`gj o chgj to`c (odhut ?4th ? gkb Q? th 4 kiY hr lokb st`tkb th dl kosthg), ioal o sc`paght ogm pcokl hg tbl r`jbt gllmcl. Vcokl tbl tbuid ogm`gmlx gjlr h tbl cle bogm dltwllg tbl yorg lgms sh tbot tbl whra`gjyorg `s orhugm tbl `gmlx gjlr ogm tbl to`c lgm `s orhugm tbl tbuid. [l-kurl tbl lgms w`tb yhur htblr gjlrs ogm bhcm tbl poci upworm ioa`gj o

U h yorg (E`jurl ?). Dr`gj tbl gllmcl up tbrhujb tbl chhp hg tbl tbuid(E`jurl 4), jrod tbl rst strogm orhugm tbl `gmlx gjlr w`tb tbl gll-mcl, ogm jh doka mhwg tbrhujb tbl chhp hg tbl tbuid (E`jurl ;). Mrhp

tbl chhp hst tbl tbuidogm, pcok`gj tbl tbuiddoka `g tbl U khgju-rot`hg, t`jbtlg tbl rl-suct`gj st`tkb hg tblgllmcl (E`jurl =).

E`jurl ?

E`jurl ;

E`jurl =

E`jurl 4

O D D T L U @ O @ H G [

Chgj-]o`c Kost-Hg


55/60

V Z I

Tlshurkl Ju`ml

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A shkas,

i`ttlgs, ogm ag`ttlm cokl.

V.H. Dhx


56/60

N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A


57/60

Kcossè`lms

V @ L K L Z H T A I O T A L ] V C O K L

[thp th [bhp GLLMCLZHTA[BHVM@TLK]HTP

DLOM[

BL@TCHHI JCO[[ DLOM[, `gghvot`vl ogmug`qul suppc`ls. Khchr iotkb`gj, dlom soipclkorms, wbhclsoclchw i`gìuis, rlto`cghi`gìuis. 56-pojl kotochj $=. Dlomkots,VHDhx 42=6, Z`cshgv`ccl, HT 0:6:6-42=6. (


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V`lklZhra

VH Dhx =50?6:

Lskhgm`mh, KO 046=5-0?6:

V Z I

Vrli`lr

Kcoss`e`lms

Orgb`cms Ag`tt`gj [tum`h. . . . . . . . . . . . . .


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N O G \ O T P / E L D T \ O T P 4 6 ? ? V @ L K L Z H T A ;

N L N A C ]

E`gmZropplm `g Coklos wlcc os o jrlot slclkt`hg he htblr @gtlrwlovl prhmukts ot yhur chkoc yorg sbhp hr `gmlplgmlgt kroet rlto`clr.

Clt klcldrotlm mls`jglr Iorjorlt [thvl

sborl w`tb yhu blr chvl he ag`ttlm cokl.

Erhi tbl b`sthry he tb`s kcoss`k ag`tt`gj p`lkl th?4 hr`j`goc pottlrgs, Zropplm `g Cokl`s o dlout`-euc tr`dutl th tbl cokl trom`t`hgs erhi orhugm tbl

whrcm. @gs`ml yhucc ehcchw Iorjorlt os sbl lx-pchrls cokl tlkbg`quls, pottlrgs, ogm kusthis `gmlptb, `gkcum`gj blr qulst th mls`jg ogm ag`t tblcljlgmory wlmm`gj r`gj sbowc. ]blg, try yhurbogm ot pottlrgs erhi tbl Eorhl @scogms, [bltcogm@scogms, Hrlgdurj, Lsthg`o, ogm cokl iht`es heGlw ^locogm, os wlcc os khgtliphrory Lurhpl.

Zropplm `g Coklugehcms tbl ag`ttlm cokl trom`t`hgogm prlslrvls tbl pottlrgs ehr jlglrot`hgs th khil.

Zropplm `g CoklAg`ttlm Bl`rchhi Mls`jgs

erhi Orhugm tbl Zhrcm

Iorjorlt [thvl?56 Vojls, 2 x 0

$45.0 0:2?


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Occ Vrlslgkò& E`gko

drogmlm tbrloms orl ?66% chgjstopcl J`zo :6/:< LjyptògKhtthg...I`cclm, Mylm ogm[pug `g Uoclgkò, [po`g

]bl E`gkoVlrcl Khtthg &

Lidrh`mlry Echss `s ovo`codcl`g up th ;4? Ilrklr`zlm

Dclokbeost Khchrs

ehr tbl dlst rlsucts

Phur tìl s

ìphrtogt th us...

rlcy hg tbl quoc ty he

tbl Vrlslgkòeoi cy

he tbrloms th dr`gj

yhur prhnlkts th c el.

Piecework Jan Feb 2011 Collection

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