Transcript of Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire South America South America North & Central America North &...
- Slide 1
- Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire South America South America
North & Central America North & Central America
- Slide 2
- Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire - In A.D. 1493, Pope
Alexander VI created an invisible line called the Line of
Demarcation, which gave Portugal access to lands East of the line
& Spain to the west
- Slide 3
- Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire - In A.D. 1494, both
countries signed the Treaty of Tordesillas, which moved the line
800 miles to the west, giving Portugal access to more lands
- Slide 4
- Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire Spain and Portugal Compete
Spain and Portugal Compete - after the Treaty of Tordesillas was
signed, both countries increased their voyages of exploration -
European countries had three goals during their explorations: 1.
spread Christianity beyond Europe 1. spread Christianity beyond
Europe 2. expand the size of their empires 3. become wealthier
countries - Europeans used an economic system called mercantilism
to allow colonies to help their empires become wealthier
- Slide 5
- Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire mercantilism: an economic
system in which nations increase their wealth and power by
obtaining gold and silver, and by establishing a favorable balance
of trade Which nation becomes wealthier from this transaction?
Spain!
- Slide 6
- Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire Europeans Explore Foreign
Lands Europeans Explore Foreign Lands - Amerigo Vespucci reached
South America & realized it was not a part of Asia - a German
mapmaker realized the importance of Vespuccis voyages and named the
lands he discovered America - the 1 st explorer to reach the
Pacific Ocean was a Spaniard named Balboa - in A.D. 1519,
Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was the 1 st to sail around
the world
- Slide 7
- Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire Magellans Route Magellans
Route
- Slide 8
- Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire The Invasion of the Americas
The Invasion of the Americas conquistador: Spanish soldiers
responsible for conquering & claiming American lands for Spain
- in A.D. 1519, Hernando Cortes set his sights on conquering the
Aztec Empire - Aztec ruler Montezuma II welcomed Cortes, but soon
disliked his intentions for working with the Aztec people
- Slide 9
- Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire - Montezuma II ruled from
the city of Tenochtitln which was the capital of the Aztec empire -
the Aztec empire was eventually conquered by Cortes in A.D.
1521
- Slide 10
- Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire Aztec Capital of Tenochtitln
Aztec Capital of Tenochtitln
- Slide 11
- Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire - In A.D. 1531, Francisco
Pizarro marched into Peru and conquered the Incas and their leader,
Atahualpa
- Slide 12
- Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire - the Spanish were able to
defeat the Native Americans because of 3 important factors: 1.
Diseases brought from Europe (smallpox, typhus, cholera, measles)
2. Superior soldiers & weapons (armor, guns) 3. Alliances with
Native Americans who were enemies of the Aztecs & Inca
- Slide 13
- Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire Other Spanish Explorers
Other Spanish Explorers - from A.D. 1539 1542, Spain sent three
expeditions into North America looking for cities of gold (El
Dorado, Cibola) - famous explorer, Coronado, traveled through
Arizona, Utah, and New Mexico looking for gold