Cell Structure and Function. The “Discovery” of the Cell Robert Hooke – first to see and...

Cell Structure and Function

The “Discovery” of the Cell

• Robert Hooke – first to see and identify cork “cells.”

The Cell Theory

Cell Theory:• All living things are

composed of cells.• Cells are the basic units of

structure and function in living things.

• New cells are produced from existing cells.

Schleiden

Schwann

Virchow

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

• Nucleus – a membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cell’s genetic information, “control center”

• Prokaryotes – cells that do not contain nuclei. (Bacteria)

• Eukaryotes – cells that contain nuclei. (All other organisms)

7-1www.nerdscience.com

“Command Center” Organelles

• Nuclear membrane – surrounds and protects the nucleus

• Chromosomes – condensed string-like structure that forms from DNA , contains cell information

• Nucleolus – structure within the nucleus that makes ribosomes.

Inside the Nucleus

Nuclear membrane

ChromosomesNucleolus

The Nucleus

Protection & Support Organelles

• Organelles – structures in a cell that act like “little organs.”

• Cytoplasm – the gel-like fluid where the organelles “float.”

Protection & Support Organelles

• Cytoskeleton – helps cell to maintain shape, move, and move organelles.

The Cytoplasm

Cell Boundaries

• Cell membrane – thin, flexible membrane that surrounds the cell. Controls what enters/leaves cell, provides support/protection.

• Cell walls – rigid layer around the membrane found only in bacteria, fungi and plants.

Cell Membrane

Energy Processing Organelles

• Chloroplasts – organelles that capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy

Photosynthesis– Found only in

plants.

Chloroplasts

Chloroplast

Energy Processing Organelles

• Mitochondria – organelle that converts chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use.– “Powerhouse of the Cell!”

Mitochondria

The Mitochondria

Manufacturing Organelles

• Ribosomes – made of RNA and protein. Make Proteins!

Ribosomes

Ribosome

Transport Organelles

• Endoplasmic reticulum – internal membrane system of the cell.

– Lipids, proteins, and other products are made here.

– Rough ER – has ribosomes– Smooth ER – no ribosomes

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Rough ER with ribosomes

Smooth ERno ribosomes

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Processing Organelles

• Golgi Body – modifies, sorts, and packages proteins.

Golgi Body

The Golgi Body

Storage Organelles

• Vacuoles – store materials.

Vacuoles

Specialized Plant Organelles

Recycling Organelles

• Lysosomes – small organelles filled with enzymes.– Digest molecules to be used by

the cell.

Lysosomes

Organization in Multicellular Organisms

Tissues

Organs

Organ System

Organism

Cell Structure and Function. The “Discovery” of the Cell Robert Hooke – first to see and...

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Transcript of Cell Structure and Function. The “Discovery” of the Cell Robert Hooke – first to see and...

ROBERT HOOKE 1 st to see cells. Cork Cells Cork cells. Are they living? Which cell part are we seeing here?

Cells. Cell Discovery 1665 Robert Hooke: Around the time of Newton –discovered the cell –Saw dead cells of a cork plant –Called them cells because they.

Cell Structure and Function Biology 103. I. The Development of the Cell Theory 1. Robert Hooke (1665) - observed cork 2. Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1673)

Cells. Cell Scientists Robert Hooke looked at cork under a microscope 1 st to use term “cell”

Robert Hooke 1665 coined the word `cell’ for the box-like structures of cork.

Cell Biology & Cell Organelles. Get Hooke-d on Cells! ScientistDiscovery Robert Hook (1665) Described the empty spaces between cork as “cells” Actually.

Cell Structure and Function Chapter 6. Mid 1600s - Robert Hooke observed and described cells in cork Late 1600s - Antony van Leeuwenhoek observed sperm,

7.1 Cell Discovery and Theory - Oak Park Independent€¦ · 7.1 Cell Discovery and Theory Cell Discovery & Theory Section 7.1 1665 - Robert Hooke identified cells in cork and named

Cells. Early Microscopes Robert Hooke – Looked at cork – Started calling the basic building block of life “cell”s Anton vanLeeuwenhoek – Looked at living.

1 A Tour of the Cell. 2 “cell” In 1665, an English scientist named Robert Hooke coined the term "cell" after viewing slices of cork through a microscope.

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Cells August 28 th, 2007. Cell History Robert Hooke (1635- 1703) Robert Hooke (1635- 1703) Viewed slices of cork under a crude compound microscope Viewed.

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A View of the Cell Cell Structure & Function. Discovering the Cell Robert Hooke – used a microscope to study cork coined the term “cell” Anton van Leeuwenhoek.

Cell Structure & Function. Robert Hooke-1665 Coined the word “cell” Looked at cork cells Robert Brown -1831 Discovered the "nucleus" Theodor.

Chapter 5 Cell Structure and Function. I. The history of cell study A. Robert Hooke—1665—coined the word cell, looked at cork cells B. Robert Brown—1831—

Chapter 7 – The Cell I.A View of the Cell A.Contributing Scientists who came up with ideas about the cell: 1.Hooke (1665) – first saw cork cells & named.

History of the Cell Robert Hooke (1665) – Used compound scope to examine thin cork slices. Coined the term “cell” referring to the many little boxes.

The Cell The basic unit of life. Cell History Cytology- study of cells 1665 English Scientist Robert Hooke Used a microscope to examine cork (plant) Hooke.

Ch4 p 69. History Robert Hooke – 1665 – Cork cells First to use the word ‘cell’ to describe the boxes he saw in cork, a plant.